صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
بَابُ قَوْلُهُ: {مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِجِبْرِيلَ} :Chapter. “Whoever is an enemy to Jibril (Gabriel)...” (V.2:97)
Hadith 4480
اُردوEn
وَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ : جَبْرَ وَمِيكَ وَسَرَافِ عَبْدٌ إِيلِ اللَّهُ .
Ikrimah said that the words «جبر ، وميك » and «سراف» all mean "slave," and the word «إيل» in the Hebrew language means «الله».
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُنِيرٍ , سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ بَكْرٍ , حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدٌ , عَنْ أَنَسٍ , قَالَ : سَمِعَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ , بِقُدُوم رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهْوَ فِي أَرْضٍ يَخْتَرِفُ ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ عَنْ ثَلَاثٍ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ فَمَا أَوَّلُ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ ؟ وَمَا أَوَّلُ طَعَامِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ ؟ وَمَا يَنْزِعُ الْوَلَدُ إِلَى أَبِيهِ أَوْ إِلَى أُمِّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " أَخْبَرَنِي بِهِنَّ جِبْرِيلُ آنِفًا " , قَالَ : جِبْرِيلُ ؟ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ " ، قَالَ : " ذَاكَ عَدُوُّ الْيَهُودِ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ ، فَقَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِجِبْرِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ نَزَّلَهُ عَلَى قَلْبِكَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ سورة البقرة آية 97 أَمَّا أَوَّلُ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ ، فَنَارٌ تَحْشُرُ النَّاسَ مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ إِلَى الْمَغْرِبِ ، وَأَمَّا أَوَّلُ طَعَامٍ يَأْكُلُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ ، فَزِيَادَةُ كَبِدِ حُوتٍ ، وَإِذَا سَبَقَ مَاءُ الرَّجُلِ مَاءَ الْمَرْأَةِ نَزَعَ الْوَلَدَ ، وَإِذَا سَبَقَ مَاءُ الْمَرْأَةِ نَزَعَتْ " ، قَالَ : أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ , يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ , إِنَّ الْيَهُودَ قَوْمٌ بُهُتٌ ، وَإِنَّهُمْ إِنْ يَعْلَمُوا بِإِسْلَامِي قَبْلَ أَنْ تَسْأَلَهُمْ يَبْهَتُونِي ، فَجَاءَتْ الْيَهُودُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَيُّ رَجُلٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فِيكُمْ ؟ " قَالُوا : خَيْرُنَا وَابْنُ خَيْرِنَا ، وَسَيِّدُنَا وَابْنُ سَيِّدِنَا ، قَالَ : " أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ ؟ " فَقَالُوا : أَعَاذَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، فَخَرَجَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالُوا : شَرُّنَا وَابْنُ شَرِّنَا وَانْتَقَصُوهُ ، قَالَ : فَهَذَا الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَخَافُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ .
Narrated Anas: `Abdullah bin Salam heard the news of the arrival of Allah's Messenger (at Medina) while he was on a farm collecting its fruits. So he came to the Prophet and said, "I will ask you about three things which nobody knows unless he be a prophet. Firstly, what is the first portent of the Hour? What is the first meal of the people of Paradise? And what makes a baby look like its father or mother?'. The Prophet said, "Just now Gabriel has informed me about that." `Abdullah said, "Gabriel?" The Prophet said, "Yes." `Abdullah said, "He, among the angels is the enemy of the Jews." On that the Prophet recited this Holy Verse:-- "Whoever is an enemy to Gabriel (let him die in his fury!) for he has brought it (i.e. Qur'an) down to your heart by Allah's permission." (2.97) Then he added, "As for the first portent of the Hour, it will be a fire that will collect the people from the East to West. And as for the first meal of the people of Paradise, it will be the caudite (i.e. extra) lobe of the fish liver. And if a man's discharge proceeded that of the woman, then the child resembles the father, and if the woman's discharge proceeded that of the man, then the child resembles the mother." On hearing that, `Abdullah said, "I testify that None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and that you are the Apostle of Allah, O, Allah's Messenger ; the Jews are liars, and if they should come to know that I have embraced Islam, they would accuse me of being a liar." In the meantime some Jews came (to the Prophet) and he asked them, "What is `Abdullah's status amongst you?" They replied, "He is the best amongst us, and he is our chief and the son of our chief." The Prophet said, "What would you think if `Abdullah bin Salam embraced Islam?" They replied, "May Allah protect him from this!" Then `Abdullah came out and said, "I testify that None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is the Apostle of Allah." The Jews then said, "Abdullah is the worst of us and the son of the worst of us," and disparaged him. On that `Abdullah said, "O Allah's Messenger ! This is what I was afraid of!"
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The incident mentions the presence of Jibril (alayhis salam).
This very hadith corresponds with the chapter.
It was the foolishness of the Jews that they considered the angel Jibril (alayhis salam) to be their enemy.
Whereas the angels are subject to the command of Allah; whatever the divine command is, they carry it out.
The incident mentions the presence of Jibril (alayhis salam).
This very hadith corresponds with the chapter.
It was the foolishness of the Jews that they considered the angel Jibril (alayhis salam) to be their enemy.
Whereas the angels are subject to the command of Allah; whatever the divine command is, they carry it out.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 4480
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
In this hadith, the mention of Jibril (alayhis salam) has come, and this is the connection between this hadith and the aforementioned chapter title. It was the foolishness of the Jews that they considered the angel Jibril (alayhis salam) to be their enemy, whereas angels are subject to the command of Allah; whatever command they receive, they carry it out.
➋
The Jews’ enmity with Mikail (alayhis salam) was due to the following reasons:
© They thought that Jibril (alayhis salam) brought revelation against them from his own side. This noble verse refutes them, as Jibril (alayhis salam) brings the truth from Allah; he does not have the courage to say anything from himself.
© They also thought that Jibril (alayhis salam) was privy to their secrets and would inform the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) of their secrets.
© According to their belief, Allah Ta’ala had commanded him to continue prophethood among the Children of Israel, but he caused prophethood to continue among the Children of Ismail.
© One of the prophets of the Jews had told them that Bukht Nassar (Nebuchadnezzar) would lay waste to Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem). As a precaution, the Jews sent a man to kill Bukht Nassar. According to their belief, Jibril (alayhis salam) prevented that man from killing him.
(Fath al-Bari: 8/290)
➌
In some narrations, it is mentioned that the Jews themselves asked the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) about these five things, so in this context, he recited the aforementioned verse. These five things are as follows:
© What did Yaqub (alayhis salam) make unlawful upon himself?
© What are the signs of prophethood?
© What is the reality of thunder (ra‘d) and its sound?
© Why is a child male or female?
© Who brings revelation from the sky?
➍
The child taking on the features and appearance of the maternal relatives depends on which fluid reaches the womb first, and whether the child is male or female depends on which fluid dominates after reaching the womb. If the man’s fluid dominates, the child will be male; otherwise, female. There are generally four possible scenarios:
(a)
If the man’s fluid reaches the womb first and also dominates, then the child will be male and will resemble the paternal relatives.
(b)
If the woman’s ovum reaches first and also dominates, then the child will be female and will resemble the maternal relatives.
(c)
If the man’s fluid reaches first but the woman’s fluid dominates, then the child will be female and will resemble the paternal relatives.
(d)
If the woman’s fluid reaches first but the man’s fluid dominates, then the child will be male but will resemble the maternal relatives.
➊
In this hadith, the mention of Jibril (alayhis salam) has come, and this is the connection between this hadith and the aforementioned chapter title. It was the foolishness of the Jews that they considered the angel Jibril (alayhis salam) to be their enemy, whereas angels are subject to the command of Allah; whatever command they receive, they carry it out.
➋
The Jews’ enmity with Mikail (alayhis salam) was due to the following reasons:
© They thought that Jibril (alayhis salam) brought revelation against them from his own side. This noble verse refutes them, as Jibril (alayhis salam) brings the truth from Allah; he does not have the courage to say anything from himself.
© They also thought that Jibril (alayhis salam) was privy to their secrets and would inform the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) of their secrets.
© According to their belief, Allah Ta’ala had commanded him to continue prophethood among the Children of Israel, but he caused prophethood to continue among the Children of Ismail.
© One of the prophets of the Jews had told them that Bukht Nassar (Nebuchadnezzar) would lay waste to Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem). As a precaution, the Jews sent a man to kill Bukht Nassar. According to their belief, Jibril (alayhis salam) prevented that man from killing him.
(Fath al-Bari: 8/290)
➌
In some narrations, it is mentioned that the Jews themselves asked the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) about these five things, so in this context, he recited the aforementioned verse. These five things are as follows:
© What did Yaqub (alayhis salam) make unlawful upon himself?
© What are the signs of prophethood?
© What is the reality of thunder (ra‘d) and its sound?
© Why is a child male or female?
© Who brings revelation from the sky?
➍
The child taking on the features and appearance of the maternal relatives depends on which fluid reaches the womb first, and whether the child is male or female depends on which fluid dominates after reaching the womb. If the man’s fluid dominates, the child will be male; otherwise, female. There are generally four possible scenarios:
(a)
If the man’s fluid reaches the womb first and also dominates, then the child will be male and will resemble the paternal relatives.
(b)
If the woman’s ovum reaches first and also dominates, then the child will be female and will resemble the maternal relatives.
(c)
If the man’s fluid reaches first but the woman’s fluid dominates, then the child will be female and will resemble the paternal relatives.
(d)
If the woman’s fluid reaches first but the man’s fluid dominates, then the child will be male but will resemble the maternal relatives.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4480
