Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:
In the narration, "Mar az-Zahran" is the name of a place located at a distance of one stage from Makkah. Now it is called Wadi Fatimah.
It was the custom among the pilgrims in Arafat that each one would light a fire.
It is said that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) instructed the Companions (radi Allahu anhum) to light fires separately.
Thus, thousands of fires were lit in different places.
At the end of the narration, the phrase "Habdha Yawm adh-Dhimar" has been translated by some as:
"That day is good when you should save me."
It is said that when the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) passed by, Abu Sufyan (radi Allahu anhu) asked him under oath, "Did you order the killing of your people?" The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) replied, "No."
Abu Sufyan (radi Allahu anhu) mentioned what Sa'd bin 'Ubadah (radi Allahu anhu) had said.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) replied, "No, today is a day of mercy and kindness.
Today Allah will honor Quraysh," and he took the flag from Sa'd (radi Allahu anhu) and gave it to Qays in his place.
On the day of the conquest of Makkah, the prophetic standard was planted at the place of Juhun.
Kada bil-Mud and Kada bil-Qasr are both names of places.
The first place is on the upper side of Makkah and the second on the lower side.
When Khalid bin Walid (radi Allahu anhu) entered Makkah with the army, Safwan bin Umayyah and Suhayl bin 'Amr, along with some men, confronted the Muslims.
Twelve or thirteen disbelievers were killed, and two Muslims were martyred.
The Abu Sufyan mentioned in the narration is Abu Sufyan bin Harith bin 'Abd al-Muttalib (radi Allahu anhu), who was a cousin of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
He was also a poet, and once he composed a poem satirizing the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), to which Hassan bin Thabit (radi Allahu anhu) responded with magnificent verses.
On the day of the conquest, he intended to accept Islam, but remembering his past actions, he was too ashamed to raise his head. Eventually, 'Ali (radi Allahu anhu) said to him, "Turn your face towards the blessed face of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and say the words that the brothers of Yusuf (alayhis salam) said before him:
﴿ قَالُوا تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ آثَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا وَإِنْ كُنَّا لَخَاطِئِينَ﴾ (Yusuf: 91)
That is, 'By Allah! Allah has certainly preferred you over us, and we were indeed sinners.'
If you say these words, the words of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in reply will also be the same as those of Yusuf (alayhis salam):
﴿قَالَ لَا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ﴾ (Yusuf: 92)
'O my brothers! There is no blame upon you today. May Allah forgive you, and He is the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.'
Eventually, he became Muslim and embraced Islam sincerely and wholeheartedly.
In the end of his life, while performing Hajj, when the barber shaved his head, there was a tumor on his head which was also cut, and this became the cause of his death.
He passed away in the year 20 AH.
'Umar al-Faruq (radi Allahu anhu) led his funeral prayer.

Hadith Commentary:
1.
Mar al-Zahran is located approximately 25 kilometers from Mecca on the road to Medina.
Nowadays, it is called Wadi Fatimah.
2.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) to light separate fires in order to overawe the people of Mecca, so that the large number of troops would be displayed.
It was the custom among the pilgrims at Arafat that each would kindle a fire according to his need, so Abu Sufyan likened it to the fires of the plain of Arafat.
3.
When Khalid ibn al-Walid (radi Allahu anhu) entered Mecca with a military detachment, Safwan ibn Umayyah and Suhayl ibn Amr, along with some men, confronted the Muslims.
In this minor skirmish, twelve or thirteen disbelievers were killed, and two Muslims were martyred, who are mentioned at the end of the hadith.
4.
Despite the Sacred Sanctuary (Haram) of the Ka'bah being a place of safety, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered the killing of a few rebellious men and women, whose details are as follows:
*.
Abd al-Uzza ibn Khatal:
He was hiding in the covering of the Ka'bah.
He was killed there.
Abdullah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh:
After becoming Muslim, he apostatized.
His life was spared due to the intercession of Uthman (radi Allahu anhu).
*.
Ikrimah ibn Abi Jahl:
He fled towards Yemen.
His wife brought him back.
Then he became Muslim along with his wife.
*.
Huwairith ibn Nuqayd:
He used to cause great harm to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in Mecca.
He was killed at the time of the conquest of Mecca.
*.
Miqyas ibn Subabah:
He accepted Islam, then apostatized, and Numaylah ibn Abdullah killed him at the conquest of Mecca.
*.
Hubar ibn Aswad:
He caused severe harm to Sayyidah Zaynab (radi Allahu anha) at the time of migration, but he accepted Islam and thus saved his life.
*.
Harith ibn Talatalt al-Khuza'i:
Ali (radi Allahu anhu) killed him in Mecca.
*.
There was also an order to kill Ka'b ibn Zuhayr and Wahshi ibn Harb, but both of them became Muslim.
*.
Ibn Khatal had two slave girls, one of whom became Muslim.
The other was killed.
*.
Sarah, who was carrying the letter of Hatib (radi Allahu anhu) to Mecca.
This slave girl became Muslim, so she was spared from being killed.
*.
Umm Sa'd was killed at the time of the conquest of Mecca.
Thus, there were thirteen individuals who were ordered to be killed.
(Fath al-Bari: 15/8.)