حَدَّثَنَا
مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، حَدَّثَنَا
إِبْرَاهِيمُ ، أَخْبَرَنَا
ابْنُ شِهَابٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي
عُمَرُ بْنُ أَسِيدِ بْنِ جَارِيَةَ الثَّقَفِيُّ حَلِيفُ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ , وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، عَنْ
أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : " بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشَرَةً عَيْنًا , وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَاصِمَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ جَدَّ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِالْهَدَةِ بَيْنَ عَسْفَانَ وَمَكَّةَ ذُكِرُوا لِحَيٍّ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ ، يُقَالُ لَهُمْ : بَنُو لِحْيَانَ فَنَفَرُوا لَهُمْ بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ مِائَةِ رَجُلٍ رَامٍ , فَاقْتَصُّوا آثَارَهُمْ حَتَّى وَجَدُوا مَأْكَلَهُمُ التَّمْرَ فِي مَنْزِلٍ نَزَلُوهُ ، فَقَالُوا : تَمْرُ يَثْرِبَ فَاتَّبَعُوا آثَارَهُمْ , فَلَمَّا حَسَّ بِهِمْ عَاصِمٌ وَأَصْحَابُهُ لَجَئُوا إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ فَأَحَاطَ بِهِمُ الْقَوْمُ ، فَقَالُوا لَهُمْ : انْزِلُوا فَأَعْطُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْعَهْدُ وَالْمِيثَاقُ أَنْ لَا نَقْتُلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدًا ، فَقَالَ عَاصِمُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ : أَيُّهَا الْقَوْمُ أَمَّا أَنَا فَلَا أَنْزِلُ فِي ذِمَّةِ كَافِرٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ أَخْبِرْ عَنَّا نَبِيَّكَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَرَمَوْهُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ , فَقَتَلُوا عَاصِمًا وَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ وَالْمِيثَاقِ مِنْهُمْ خُبَيْبٌ , وَزَيْدُ بْنُ الدَّثِنَةِ وَرَجُلٌ آخَرُ , فَلَمَّا اسْتَمْكَنُوا مِنْهُمْ أَطْلَقُوا أَوْتَارَ قِسِيِّهِمْ فَرَبَطُوهُمْ بِهَا ، قَالَ الرَّجُلُ الثَّالِثُ : هَذَا أَوَّلُ الْغَدْرِ , وَاللَّهِ لَا أَصْحَبُكُمْ إِنَّ لِي بِهَؤُلَاءِ أُسْوَةً يُرِيدُ الْقَتْلَى فَجَرَّرُوهُ وَعَالَجُوهُ , فَأَبَى أَنْ يَصْحَبَهُمْ فَانْطُلِقَ بِخُبَيْبٍ , وَزَيْدِ بْنِ الدَّثِنَةِ حَتَّى بَاعُوهُمَا بَعْدَ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ فَابْتَاعَ بَنُو الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ خُبَيْبًا وَكَانَ خُبَيْبٌ هُوَ قَتَلَ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَلَبِثَ خُبَيْبٌ عِنْدَهُمْ أَسِيرًا حَتَّى أَجْمَعُوا قَتْلَهُ , فَاسْتَعَارَ مِنْ بَعْضِ بَنَاتِ الْحَارِثِ مُوسًى يَسْتَحِدُّ بِهَا , فَأَعَارَتْهُ فَدَرَجَ بُنَيٌّ لَهَا وَهِيَ غَافِلَةٌ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ , فَوَجَدَتْهُ مُجْلِسَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ وَالْمُوسَى بِيَدِهِ ، قَالَتْ : فَفَزِعْتُ فَزْعَةً عَرَفَهَا خُبَيْبٌ ، فَقَالَ : أَتَخْشَيْنَ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ ، قَالَتْ : وَاللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَسِيرًا قَطُّ خَيْرًا مِنْ خُبَيْبٍ , وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ وَجَدْتُهُ يَوْمًا يَأْكُلُ قِطْفًا مِنْ عِنَبٍ فِي يَدِهِ وَإِنَّهُ لَمُوثَقٌ بِالْحَدِيدِ , وَمَا بِمَكَّةَ مِنْ ثَمَرَةٍ , وَكَانَتْ تَقُولُ إِنَّهُ لَرِزْقٌ رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ خُبَيْبًا , فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا بِهِ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ فِي الْحِلِّ ، قَالَ لَهُمْ خُبَيْبٌ : دَعُونِي أُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ , فَتَرَكُوهُ فَرَكَعَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنْ تَحْسِبُوا أَنَّ مَا بِي جَزَعٌ لَزِدْتُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " اللَّهُمَّ أَحْصِهِمْ عَدَدًا , وَاقْتُلْهُمْ بَدَدًا وَلَا تُبْقِ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا " , ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يَقُولُ : فَلَسْتُ أُبَالِي حِينَ أُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمًا عَلَى أَيِّ جَنْبٍ كَانَ لِلَّهِ مَصْرَعِي وَذَلِكَ فِي ذَاتِ الْإِلَهِ وَإِنْ يَشَأْ يُبَارِكْ عَلَى أَوْصَالِ شِلْوٍ مُمَزَّعِ ثُمَّ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو سِرْوَعَةَ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ فَقَتَلَهُ ، وَكَانَ خُبَيْبٌ هُوَ سَنَّ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ قُتِلَ صَبْرًا الصَّلَاةَ , وَأَخْبَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ يَوْمَ أُصِيبُوا خَبَرَهُمْ , وَبَعَثَ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَى عَاصِمِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ حِينَ حُدِّثُوا أَنَّهُ قُتِلَ أَنْ يُؤْتَوْا بِشَيْءٍ مِنْهُ يُعْرَفُ , وَكَانَ قَتَلَ رَجُلًا عَظِيمًا مِنْ عُظَمَائِهِمْ , فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ لِعَاصِمٍ مِثْلَ الظُّلَّةِ مِنَ الدَّبْرِ فَحَمَتْهُ مِنْ رُسُلِهِمْ ، فَلَمْ يَقْدِرُوا أَنْ يَقْطَعُوا مِنْهُ شَيْئًا ، وَقَالَ كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ : ذَكَرُوا مَرَارَةَ بْنَ الرَّبِيعِ الْعَمْرِيَّ وَهِلَالَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ الْوَاقِفِيَّ رَجُلَيْنِ صَالِحَيْنِ قَدْ شَهِدَا بَدْرًا " .
Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle sent out ten spies under the command of `Asim bin Thabit Al-Ansari, the grand-father of `Asim bin `Umar Al-Khattab. When they reached (a place called) Al-Hadah between 'Usfan and Mecca, their presence was made known to a sub-tribe of Hudhail called Banu Lihyan. So they sent about one hundred archers after them. The archers traced the footsteps (of the Muslims) till they found the traces of dates which they had eaten at one of their camping places. The archers said, "These dates are of Yathrib (i.e. Medina)," and went on tracing the Muslims' footsteps. When `Asim and his companions became aware of them, they took refuge in a (high) place. But the enemy encircled them and said, "Come down and surrender. We give you a solemn promise and covenant that we will not kill anyone of you." `Asim bin Thabit said, "O people! As for myself, I will never get down to be under the protection of an infidel. O Allah! Inform your Prophet about us." So the archers threw their arrows at them and martyred `Asim. Three of them came down and surrendered to them, accepting their promise and covenant and they were Khubaib, Zaid bin Ad-Dathina and another man. When the archers got hold of them, they untied the strings of the arrow bows and tied their captives with them. The third man said, "This is the first proof of treachery! By Allah, I will not go with you for I follow the example of these." He meant the martyred companions. The archers dragged him and struggled with him (till they martyred him). Then Khubaib and Zaid bin Ad-Dathina were taken away by them and later on they sold them as slaves in Mecca after the event of the Badr battle. The sons of Al-Harit bin `Amr bin Naufal bought Khubaib for he was a person who had killed (their father) Al-Hari bin `Amr on the day (of the battle) of Badr. Khubaib remained imprisoned by them till they decided unanimously to kill him. One day Khubaib borrowed from a daughter of Al-Harith, a razor for shaving his public hair, and she lent it to him. By chance, while she was inattentive, a little son of hers went to him (i.e. Khubaib) and she saw that Khubaib had seated him on his thigh while the razor was in his hand. She was so much terrified that Khubaib noticed her fear and said, "Are you afraid that I will kill him? Never would I do such a thing." Later on (while narrating the story) she said, "By Allah, I had never seen a better captive than Khubaib. By Allah, one day I saw him eating from a bunch of grapes in his hand while he was fettered with iron chains and (at that time) there was no fruit in Mecca." She used to say," It was food Allah had provided Khubaib with." When they took him to Al-Hil out of Mecca sanctuary to martyr him, Khubaib requested them. "Allow me to offer a two-rak`at prayer." They allowed him and he prayed two rak`at and then said, "By Allah! Had I not been afraid that you would think I was worried, I would have prayed more." Then he (invoked evil upon them) saying, "O Allah! Count them and kill them one by one, and do not leave anyone of them"' Then he recited: "As I am martyred as a Muslim, I do not care in what way I receive my death for Allah's Sake, for this is for the Cause of Allah. If He wishes, He will bless the cut limbs of my body." Then Abu Sarva, 'Ubqa bin Al-Harith went up to him and killed him. It was Khubaib who set the tradition of praying for any Muslim to be martyred in captivity (before he is executed). The Prophet told his companions of what had happened (to those ten spies) on the same day they were martyred. Some Quraish people, being informed of `Asim bin Thabit's death, sent some messengers to bring a part of his body so that his death might be known for certain, for he had previously killed one of their leaders (in the battle of Badr). But Allah sent a swarm of wasps to protect the dead body of `Asim, and they shielded him from the messengers who could not cut anything from his body.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
In this lengthy hadith, among the ten men mentioned, the names of seven are as follows: Marthad Ghanawi, Khalid bin Bukayr, Khubayb bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, Abdullah bin Tariq, Mu’attib bin Ubayd radi Allahu anhum, and their leader was Asim bin Thabit radi Allahu anhu.
The names of the remaining three are not mentioned.
On the way, the disbelievers from Banu Lihyan pursued them.
Eventually, they caught up with them and martyred seven Muslims, including their leader, and captured three Muslims, whose names are: Khubayb bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, and Abdullah bin Tariq radi Allahu anhum.
On the way, Abdullah radi Allahu anhu was also martyred, and the remaining two were taken to Makkah and sold as slaves.
Zayd bin Dathinah radi Allahu anhu was bought by Safwan bin Umayyah, and Khubayb radi Allahu anhu was bought by the sons of Harith bin Amir.
Khubayb radi Allahu anhu had killed the aforementioned Harith on the day of Badr.
Now, his sons, seeking to take revenge without cost, bought Khubayb radi Allahu anhu and, after the sacred months had passed, decided to martyr him. During these days, those people witnessed the miracles (karamat) of Khubayb radi Allahu anhu, that Allah Ta’ala was providing him with out-of-season fruits from the unseen, just as Maryam alayha as-salam used to receive out-of-season fruits.
In the final days, in preparation for martyrdom and to attain cleanliness, Khubayb radi Allahu anhu asked one of their women for a razor. However, when her infant child went to Khubayb radi Allahu anhu and began to play with him, the woman feared that perhaps Khubayb radi Allahu anhu might slaughter the innocent child with the razor. Upon this, Khubayb radi Allahu anhu himself reassured the woman that such an unjust killing could never be committed by a true Muslim.
Finally, after performing two units (rak‘ah) of prayer, when he was brought to the place of execution, he recited the verses of poetry that are mentioned here.
The late Mawlana Waheed az-Zaman rahimahullah translated these verses into poetry as follows:
“When I depart from this world as a Muslim, what grief is there for me? On whichever side I fall, my death is for the sake of Allah. If He wills, I shall not be disgraced. Even if my body is cut into pieces, He will bless its parts with abundance.”
Bayhaqi has narrated that Khubayb radi Allahu anhu, at the time of his death, prayed: “O Allah! Convey the news of our condition to Your beloved sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.”
At that very moment, Jibril alayhi as-salam came to the service of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and informed him of all the circumstances.
At the end of the narration, there is mention of two participants of Badr, which refutes the claim of Dumiati, who denied that both were participants of Badr.
Affirmation takes precedence over negation.
This subject is a fragment of a hadith which Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has mentioned in the context of the Expedition of Tabuk.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3989
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
Among the ten men whom the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) sent as spies, the names of seven are as follows:
Marthad bin Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi, Khalid bin Bukayr, Mu'tib bin Ubayd, Khabib bin Adiyy, Zayd bin Dathinah, Abdullah bin Tariq, and their leader, Asim bin Thabit (radi Allahu anhu). The names of the remaining three individuals could not be ascertained.
Perhaps they were their attendants, and thus attention was not given to their names.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/445)
Out of these, seven were martyred there, and the remaining two were sold in Makkah al-Mukarramah.
Zayd bin Dathinah was purchased by Safwan bin Umayyah, who martyred him in retaliation for his father. As for Khabib (radi Allahu anhu), he was bought by the sons of Harith bin Amir, because Khabib (radi Allahu anhu) had killed their father Harith on the day of Badr, so they martyred him in retaliation for their father.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/447)
➋
Since the purpose of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) is to mention the virtues of the martyrs of Badr, and in this narration it is stated that Asim (radi Allahu anhu) had killed one of the great chiefs of Quraysh, therefore the disbelievers of Quraysh took revenge on him, but Allah, the Exalted, protected him.
In one narration, it is explicitly mentioned that he killed a great chief on the day of Badr.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Maghazi, Hadith: 4086)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) has written that, by the command of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he captured and killed Uqbah bin Abi Mu'ayt.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/387)
➌
At the end of the hadith, there is a mention of the virtues of Ka'b bin Malik (radi Allahu anhu). Although this part has no direct connection with the incident of Khabib (radi Allahu anhu), the purpose of this part of the hadith is to refute those who claim that Murarah and Bilal (radi Allahu anhu) were not participants at Badr.
The first to deny this was Athram, a student of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (rahimahullah).
Hafiz Ibn Qayyim (rahimahullah) also denied it on the basis that, had these two been participants at Badr, they would have been excused just as Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah (radi Allahu anhu) was. However, this is to prefer analogy over explicit textual evidence. In any case, this hadith explicitly states that they were righteous and noble men who also participated in the Battle of Badr.
The intention here is to praise and extol them.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/388)
Further details regarding Khabib (radi Allahu anhu) will be mentioned later, insha Allah.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3989