Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:
From this hadith, the virtue of those who participated in the Battle of Badr is established, that all of them are destined for Paradise.
This is the definitive decree of Allah.
This refers to Harithah bin Suraqah bin Harith bin ‘Adi al-Ansari bin ‘Adi bin Najjar.
Harithah’s father, Suraqah (radi Allahu anhu), was martyred in the Battle of Hunayn.
(radi Allahu anhu)

Hadith Commentary:
➊
In the narration of Sahih Bukhari rahimahullah, it is mentioned that Harithah radi Allahu anhu was martyred by an arrow whose shooter was unknown.
On this basis, the mother of Harithah radi Allahu anhu became concerned, not knowing what his fate would be.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Jihad wal-Siyar, Hadith: 2809)
➋
In another narration, it is clarified that his mother said:
“O Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam! If he is faced with any other situation, then I will exhaust my strength in weeping and lamenting.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Jihad wal-Siyar, Hadith: 2809)
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to her:
“Have you gone mad that you ask about whether your son is in Paradise or not? Why do you not say with certainty that my son is in Paradise?
Which Paradise is it? The question should have been: Which Paradise is he in? He is in Jannat al-Firdaws, from which rivers gush forth and above which is the Throne of Allah, the Exalted.”
➌
From this hadith, the virtue of those who participated in Badr is established, that all of them are people of Paradise, and this is the definitive decision of Allah, the Exalted.

Hadith Commentary:
In the narration, mentioning Umm Rabi’ radi Allahu anha as the daughter of Bara’ is a mistake of the narrator; the correct view is that Umm Rabi’ radi Allahu anha is the daughter of Nadr radi Allahu anhu and the paternal aunt of Anas bin Malik radi Allahu anhu.
Her son, named Harithah radi Allahu anhu, was martyred in the Battle of Badr by an unknown arrow. It is regarding him that she made this inquiry.
Upon hearing this, Umm Harithah radi Allahu anha went away laughing and saying, “Harithah, congratulations! Congratulations!” At first, she thought that since Harithah was not killed by the enemy’s hand, perhaps he would not attain Paradise, but after hearing the glad tidings from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, she was reassured.
Subhan Allah, what faith and certainty the Muslim women of the Prophetic era possessed, that they considered dying for Islam as a cause of martyrdom and entry into Paradise.
Today’s Muslims, on the other hand, are retreating at every step in the name of Islam; then how can progress and success be attained?
Iqbal has truly said:
“I will tell you the destiny of nations:
The sword and the spear first, the peacock and the lute last.”

Hadith Commentary:
1.
Umm Harithah radi Allahu anha thought that her son was not martyred at the hands of the enemy, so perhaps he would not attain Paradise. When she learned that her son was in the highest level of Paradise (Firdaws al-A‘la), she returned smiling and said, "O Harithah! Congratulations to you, Harithah, how excellent you are!"

radi Allahu ta‘ala anhu

2.
It should be noted that the name of this woman is not Umm Rabi‘ bint Bara’ radi Allahu anha, but rather Rabi‘ bint Nadr radi Allahu anha, who was the paternal aunt of Anas radi Allahu anhu. She identified her martyred brother, Anas ibn Nadr radi Allahu anhu, by the tips of his fingers.
(Fath al-Bari: 6/29, 33)

3.
From this hadith, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has removed a misconception: when it is not known whether the one who shot the arrow was a disbeliever or a believer, how is it possible to call the slain person a martyr (shahid)? He has clarified that any Muslim found slain on the battlefield is a martyr, even if the identity of his killer is unknown.

Hadith Footnote:
This is Harithah bin Suraqah al-Ansari radi Allahu anhu.
His mother’s name was Rubayyi‘ bint Nadr, who was the paternal aunt of Anas bin Malik radi Allahu anhu.
This very Harithah was martyred in the Battle of Badr.
He was the first young man from among the Ansar to be martyred in the Battle of Badr.
(radi Allahu anhu)

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
The intention of Harithah radi Allahu anhu’s mother, Rubayyi‘ bint Nadr radi Allahu anha, was that if he is in Paradise, then I will be patient; but if it is anything else, then I will wail and lament like those who are distressed, so that everyone will see, and I will lighten my grief by crying and mourning, just as this is explicitly stated in another narration.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Jihad wa’l-Siyar, Hadith: 2809)
In another hadith, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
“When you ask Allah, then ask Him for Jannat al-Firdaws, for it is the highest and most elevated place in Paradise.
Above it is the Throne (‘Arsh) of Allah, and the rivers of Paradise spring forth from it.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Tawhid, Hadith: 7423)

Explanation:
1:
In the commentary of the statement of Allah, the Exalted, ﴿الَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ الْفِرْدَوْسَ﴾ (Al-Mu’minun: 11), the author has mentioned this hadith.