صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب مناقب الأنصارThe Merits of Al-Ansar
بَابُ إِسْلاَمُ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ:Chapter. The conversion of Abu Dhar Al-Ghifari to Islam.
Hadith 3861
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُثَنَّى ، عَنْ أَبِي جَمْرَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : " لَمَّا بَلَغَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ مَبْعَثُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : لِأَخِيهِ ارْكَبْ إِلَى هَذَا الْوَادِي فَاعْلَمْ لِي عِلْمَ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ يَأْتِيهِ الْخَبَرُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ , وَاسْمَعْ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ ثُمَّ ائْتِنِي , فَانْطَلَقَ الْأَخُ حَتَّى قَدِمَهُ وَسَمِعَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ , ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى أَبِي ذَرٍّ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : رَأَيْتُهُ يَأْمُرُ بِمَكَارِمِ الْأَخْلَاقِ وَكَلَامًا مَا هُوَ بِالشِّعْرِ ، فَقَالَ : مَا شَفَيْتَنِي مِمَّا أَرَدْتُ فَتَزَوَّدَ وَحَمَلَ شَنَّةً لَهُ فِيهَا مَاءٌ حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ فَأَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ , فَالْتَمَسَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ بَعْضُ اللَّيْلِ , فَاضْطَجَعَ فَرَآهُ عَلِيٌّ فَعَرَفَ أَنَّهُ غَرِيبٌ , فَلَمَّا رَآهُ تَبِعَهُ فَلَمْ يَسْأَلْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ , ثُمَّ احْتَمَلَ قِرْبَتَهُ وَزَادَهُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَظَلَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ وَلَا يَرَاهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى أَمْسَى , فَعَادَ إِلَى مَضْجَعِهِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : أَمَا نَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ مَنْزِلَهُ , فَأَقَامَهُ فَذَهَبَ بِهِ مَعَهُ لَا يَسْأَلُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الثَّالِثِ , فَعَادَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ فَأَقَامَ مَعَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَلَا تُحَدِّثُنِي مَا الَّذِي أَقْدَمَكَ ، قَالَ : إِنْ أَعْطَيْتَنِي عَهْدًا وَمِيثَاقًا لَتُرْشِدَنِّي فَعَلْتُ , فَفَعَلَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّهُ حَقٌّ وَهُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ فَاتْبَعْنِي , فَإِنِّي إِنْ رَأَيْتُ شَيْئًا أَخَافُ عَلَيْكَ قُمْتُ كَأَنِّي أُرِيقُ الْمَاءَ , فَإِنْ مَضَيْتُ فَاتْبَعْنِي حَتَّى تَدْخُلَ مَدْخَلِي , فَفَعَلَ فَانْطَلَقَ يَقْفُوهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَدَخَلَ مَعَهُ فَسَمِعَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ وَأَسْلَمَ مَكَانَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " ارْجِعْ إِلَى قَوْمِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ أَمْرِي " ، قَالَ : وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأَصْرُخَنَّ بِهَا بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ , فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ فَنَادَى بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ : أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ , وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ , ثُمَّ قَامَ الْقَوْمُ فَضَرَبُوهُ حَتَّى أَضْجَعُوهُ , وَأَتَى الْعَبَّاسُ فَأَكَبَّ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : " وَيْلَكُمْ أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ غِفَارٍ وَأَنَّ طَرِيقَ تِجَارِكُمْ إِلَى الشَّأْمِ , فَأَنْقَذَهُ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ عَادَ مِنَ الْغَدِ لِمِثْلِهَا , فَضَرَبُوهُ وَثَارُوا إِلَيْهِ فَأَكَبَّ الْعَبَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ " .
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: When Abu Dhar received the news of the Advent of the Prophet he said to his brother, "Ride to this valley (of Mecca) and try to find out the truth of the person who claims to be a prophet who is informed of the news of Heaven. Listen to what he says and come back to me." So his brother set out and came to the Prophet and listened to some of his talks, and returned to Abu Dhar and said to him. "I have seen him enjoining virtuous behavior and saying something that is not poetry." Abu Dhar said, "You have not satisfied me as to what I wanted." He then took his journey-food and carried a waterskin of his, containing some water till be reached Mecca. He went to the Mosque and searched for the Prophet and though he did not know him, he hated to ask anybody about him. When a part of the night had passed away, `Ali saw him and knew that he was a stranger. So when Abu Dhar saw `Ali, he followed him, and none of them asked his companion about anything, and when it was dawn, Abu Dhar took his journey food and his water-skin to the Mosque and stayed there all the day long without being perceived by the Prophet, and when it was evening, he came back to his retiring place. `Ali passed by him and said, "Has the man not known his dwelling place yet?" So `Ali awakened him and took him with him and none of them spoke to the other about anything. When it was the third day. `Ali did the same and Abu Dhar stayed with him. Then `Ali said "Will you tell me what has brought you here?" Abu Dhar said, "If you give me a firm promise that you will guide me, then I will tell you." `Ali promised him, and he informed `Ali about the matter. `Ali said, "It is true, and he is the Apostle of Allah. Next morning when you get up, accompany me, and if I see any danger for you, I will stop as if to pass water, but if I go on, follow me and enter the place which I will enter." Abu Dhar did so, and followed `Ali till he entered the place of the Prophet, and Abu Dhar went in with him, Abu Dhar listened to some of the Prophet's talks and embraced Islam on the spot. The Prophet said to him, "Go back to your people and inform them (about it) till you receive my order." Abu Dhar said, "By Him in Whose Hand my life is, I will proclaim my conversion loudly amongst them (i.e. the pagans)." So he went out, and when he reached the Mosque, he said as loudly as possible, "I bear witness that None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, and Muhammad is the Apostle of Allah." The People got up and beat him painfully. Then Al-Abbas came and knelt over him ((to protect him) and said (to the people), "Woe to you! Don't you know that this man belongs to the tribe of Ghifar and your trade to Sha'm is through their way?" So he rescued him from them. Abu Dhar again did the same the next day. They beat him and took vengeance on him and again Al-Abbas knelt over him (to protect him).
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (radi Allahu anhu) was among the eminent ascetic Emigrants (Muhajirun). His name was Jundub. In the sacred city of Makkah, he was the fifth person to embrace Islam. Afterwards, he returned to his tribe and remained there for a long period. On the occasion of the Battle of Khandaq, he came to the service of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in Madinah al-Tayyibah, and then resided in the place called Rabadhah. He passed away in Rabadhah itself in the year 32 AH during the caliphate of Uthman (radi Allahu anhu). Even before the advent of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he used to engage in worship.
Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (radi Allahu anhu) was among the eminent ascetic Emigrants (Muhajirun). His name was Jundub. In the sacred city of Makkah, he was the fifth person to embrace Islam. Afterwards, he returned to his tribe and remained there for a long period. On the occasion of the Battle of Khandaq, he came to the service of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in Madinah al-Tayyibah, and then resided in the place called Rabadhah. He passed away in Rabadhah itself in the year 32 AH during the caliphate of Uthman (radi Allahu anhu). Even before the advent of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he used to engage in worship.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3861
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
The name of Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu is Jundub.
He was among the first to embrace Islam and endured hardships; then he went to his tribe and remained there for a long time.
On the occasion of the Battle of the Trench (Ghazwah Khandaq), he presented himself in the service of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
He was of high rank, an ascetic, and among the noble Emigrants (Muhajirun).
He spent the last days of his life at the place called Rabadhah.
He passed away during the caliphate of Uthman radi Allahu anhu.
Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu led his funeral prayer.
➋
When he went to Makkah Mukarramah to gather information, he did not reveal his purpose to anyone, because in that case the polytheists (mushrikun) would become even bolder in causing harm.
They did not want the religion of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to become manifest, so if anyone asked the polytheists about the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, they would not inform him.
They would prevent people from going to him or would deceive them so that they would turn back.
➌
From some narrations, it is known that Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu met Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu at night during the circumambulation (tawaf).
There is no contradiction or opposition in these narrations.
It is possible that Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu first met Ali radi Allahu anhu, then at night during the circumambulation met Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/220.)
And Allah knows best.
For further benefits of this hadith, see Hadith: 3522.
➊
The name of Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu is Jundub.
He was among the first to embrace Islam and endured hardships; then he went to his tribe and remained there for a long time.
On the occasion of the Battle of the Trench (Ghazwah Khandaq), he presented himself in the service of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
He was of high rank, an ascetic, and among the noble Emigrants (Muhajirun).
He spent the last days of his life at the place called Rabadhah.
He passed away during the caliphate of Uthman radi Allahu anhu.
Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu led his funeral prayer.
➋
When he went to Makkah Mukarramah to gather information, he did not reveal his purpose to anyone, because in that case the polytheists (mushrikun) would become even bolder in causing harm.
They did not want the religion of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to become manifest, so if anyone asked the polytheists about the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, they would not inform him.
They would prevent people from going to him or would deceive them so that they would turn back.
➌
From some narrations, it is known that Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu met Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu at night during the circumambulation (tawaf).
There is no contradiction or opposition in these narrations.
It is possible that Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu first met Ali radi Allahu anhu, then at night during the circumambulation met Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/220.)
And Allah knows best.
For further benefits of this hadith, see Hadith: 3522.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3861
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
"Mashfaitani fima aradt":
You have not brought me the information I desired in a satisfactory manner.
(2)
"Hamala shinna":
He took a water-skin (mashkiza) and provisions for the journey with him,
but these things ran out on the way,
so in Makkah he survived only on Zamzam water.
(3)
"Ma ani lir-rajuli an ya‘lama manzilah":
That the time has not yet come for this man to find his place,
meaning he has not yet found a place to stay in Makkah,
or, the place where I had him stay yesterday,
he did not recognize it, so today he went elsewhere.
(4)
"Ka’anni uriq al-ma’": As if I am pouring water,
meaning urinating, and in some narrations it is mentioned.
(5)
"Fa inni aslihu na‘li":
As if I am fixing my sandal.
Benefits and Issues:
The incident of Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu embracing faith is narrated by Abdullah bin Samit and Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma from Abu Dharr himself, and there are some differences in the details between the two.
The main incident appears to be that Abu Dharr set out from his place of residence with provisions and a water-skin,
which ran out by the time he reached Makkah. He considered a man to be weak and feeble,
and when he asked about you (the Prophet), that man, contrary to expectations, incited people against him.
After that, he did not ask anyone else,
and thus several days passed while he survived on Zamzam water.
Eventually, Ali radi Allahu anhu himself asked him the purpose of his coming, and Abu Dharr, fearing the previous incident, said,
"If you firmly promise to guide me, then I will tell you the purpose of my arrival."
In this way, he embraced Islam, and at night when he went out for tawaf (circumambulation), the incident with the women occurred, and the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr also came for tawaf, so he recognized them.
Therefore, he greeted you according to the Islamic manner and addressed you as the Messenger of Allah,
and you asked Abu Dharr about his circumstances. After this, Abu Dharr stayed in Makkah for a few days, and Abbas also became acquainted with him.
Then, when he came to take leave from the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, you advised him to return to his people from a nearby area of Makkah and to preach Islam to them, and also informed him,
"I too will soon migrate and come to Madinah Munawwarah." So, on his return, Abu Dharr announced his acceptance of Islam, and again the polytheists of Makkah beat him,
from which Abbas rescued him, and he returned to his brother and mother,
preached Islam to both of them,
and they became Muslim. Then he took them to his tribe,
preached Islam to them,
half the tribe became Muslim, and the other half embraced Islam after your migration, and these people became completely Muslim after the Battle of Badr,
because some historical narrations indicate that Iman Rahdhat was included among the polytheists of Makkah in the Battle of Badr,
(Al-Isabah, vol. 1, p. 301,
Takmilah, vol. 5, p. 219)
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
"Mashfaitani fima aradt":
You have not brought me the information I desired in a satisfactory manner.
(2)
"Hamala shinna":
He took a water-skin (mashkiza) and provisions for the journey with him,
but these things ran out on the way,
so in Makkah he survived only on Zamzam water.
(3)
"Ma ani lir-rajuli an ya‘lama manzilah":
That the time has not yet come for this man to find his place,
meaning he has not yet found a place to stay in Makkah,
or, the place where I had him stay yesterday,
he did not recognize it, so today he went elsewhere.
(4)
"Ka’anni uriq al-ma’": As if I am pouring water,
meaning urinating, and in some narrations it is mentioned.
(5)
"Fa inni aslihu na‘li":
As if I am fixing my sandal.
Benefits and Issues:
The incident of Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu embracing faith is narrated by Abdullah bin Samit and Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma from Abu Dharr himself, and there are some differences in the details between the two.
The main incident appears to be that Abu Dharr set out from his place of residence with provisions and a water-skin,
which ran out by the time he reached Makkah. He considered a man to be weak and feeble,
and when he asked about you (the Prophet), that man, contrary to expectations, incited people against him.
After that, he did not ask anyone else,
and thus several days passed while he survived on Zamzam water.
Eventually, Ali radi Allahu anhu himself asked him the purpose of his coming, and Abu Dharr, fearing the previous incident, said,
"If you firmly promise to guide me, then I will tell you the purpose of my arrival."
In this way, he embraced Islam, and at night when he went out for tawaf (circumambulation), the incident with the women occurred, and the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and Abu Bakr also came for tawaf, so he recognized them.
Therefore, he greeted you according to the Islamic manner and addressed you as the Messenger of Allah,
and you asked Abu Dharr about his circumstances. After this, Abu Dharr stayed in Makkah for a few days, and Abbas also became acquainted with him.
Then, when he came to take leave from the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, you advised him to return to his people from a nearby area of Makkah and to preach Islam to them, and also informed him,
"I too will soon migrate and come to Madinah Munawwarah." So, on his return, Abu Dharr announced his acceptance of Islam, and again the polytheists of Makkah beat him,
from which Abbas rescued him, and he returned to his brother and mother,
preached Islam to both of them,
and they became Muslim. Then he took them to his tribe,
preached Islam to them,
half the tribe became Muslim, and the other half embraced Islam after your migration, and these people became completely Muslim after the Battle of Badr,
because some historical narrations indicate that Iman Rahdhat was included among the polytheists of Makkah in the Battle of Badr,
(Al-Isabah, vol. 1, p. 301,
Takmilah, vol. 5, p. 219)
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 6362
