صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب مناقب الأنصارThe Merits of Al-Ansar
بَابُ أَيَّامِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ:Chapter. The days of Pre-Islamic Period of Ignorance.
Hadith 3834
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ بَيَانٍ أَبِي بِشْرٍ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ ، قَالَ : دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ أَحْمَسَ ، يُقَالُ لَهَا زَيْنَبُ فَرَآهَا لَا تَكَلَّمُ ، فَقَالَ : مَا لَهَا لَا تَكَلَّمُ ، قَالُوا : حَجَّتْ مُصْمِتَةً ، قَالَ : لَهَا تَكَلَّمِي فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَا يَحِلُّ , هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ , فَتَكَلَّمَتْ فَقَالَتْ : مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : امْرُؤٌ مِنْ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ، قَالَتْ : أَيُّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ؟ قَالَ : مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ، قَالَتْ : مِنْ أَيِّ قُرَيْشٍ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : إِنَّكِ لَسَئُولٌ , أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، قَالَتْ : مَا بَقَاؤُنَا عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ الصَّالِحِ الَّذِي جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِهِ بَعْدَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ؟ قَالَ : بَقَاؤُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مَا اسْتَقَامَتْ بِكُمْ أَئِمَّتُكُمْ ، قَالَتْ : وَمَا الْأَئِمَّةُ ؟ قَالَ : أَمَا كَانَ لِقَوْمِكِ رُءُوسٌ وَأَشْرَافٌ يَأْمُرُونَهُمْ فَيُطِيعُونَهُمْ ، قَالَتْ : بَلَى ، قَالَ : فَهُمْ أُولَئِكِ عَلَى النَّاسِ " .
Narrated Qais bin Abi Hazim: Abu Bakr went to a lady from the Ahmas tribe called Zainab bint Al-Muhajir and found that she refused to speak. He asked, "Why does she not speak." The people said, "She has intended to perform Hajj without speaking." He said to her, "Speak, for it is illegal not to speak, as it is an action of the pre-islamic period of ignorance. So she spoke and said, "Who are you?" He said, "A man from the Emigrants." She asked, "Which Emigrants?" He replied, "From Quraish." She asked, "From what branch of Quraish are you?" He said, "You ask too many questions; I am Abu Bakr." She said, "How long shall we enjoy this good order (i.e. Islamic religion) which Allah has brought after the period of ignorance?" He said, "You will enjoy it as long as your Imams keep on abiding by its rules and regulations." She asked, "What are the Imams?" He said, "Were there not heads and chiefs of your nation who used to order the people and they used to obey them?" She said, "Yes." He said, "So they (i.e. the Imams) are those whom I meant."
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
In the narration of Isma‘ili, it is stated that the woman said: “There was some corruption among us and our people during the time of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), so I swore an oath that if Allah saved me from it, I would not speak to anyone until I performed Hajj.”
Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (radi Allahu anhu) said: “Islam erases such matters; you may speak.”
Hafiz said: From the statement of Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu), it is derived that breaking such an invalid oath is recommended (mustahabb).
The hadith of Abu Isra’il is also similar, in which he vowed to perform Hajj on foot.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered him to ride and had that vow annulled.
In the narration of Isma‘ili, it is stated that the woman said: “There was some corruption among us and our people during the time of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), so I swore an oath that if Allah saved me from it, I would not speak to anyone until I performed Hajj.”
Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (radi Allahu anhu) said: “Islam erases such matters; you may speak.”
Hafiz said: From the statement of Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu), it is derived that breaking such an invalid oath is recommended (mustahabb).
The hadith of Abu Isra’il is also similar, in which he vowed to perform Hajj on foot.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered him to ride and had that vow annulled.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3834
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
That woman was very perceptive and intelligent.
She knew that she was accustomed to excessive speech, as Hazrat Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu) commented on her manner, so she made a vow to perform Hajj in silence, and this commitment was better for her.
However, since this act was not permissible in the Shariah, because it is a remnant of the Age of Ignorance (Jahiliyyah) that people used to perform Hajj while observing a fast of silence, as is mentioned in the books of hadith regarding the incident of Abu Isra’il, who made a vow that he would perform Hajj in silence and would not ride or use any shaded thing, so the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) forbade him from this.
In the same way, Hazrat Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu) also ordered the abolition of a matter based on Jahiliyyah.
➋
In the hadith, “righteous deed” (amr salih) refers to Islam, and the “continuance of the leaders” (a’immah) means that through their steadfastness, the legal limits (hudud) are established, people’s rights are protected, and everything is in its proper place. In any case, as long as the chiefs and rulers of the nation continue to follow the religion of Islam correctly, the religion of Islam will remain intact; otherwise, it will fall into disarray. This is just as the current state of the Islamic world is, where the true religion is helpless and unsupported.
The rulers of Islamic countries are not interested in the promotion of Islam; only the Saudi government is such that, in these circumstances, it is mindful of the propagation of Islam and is interested in it.
May Allah, the Exalted, keep it established for a long time. Ameen.
➊
That woman was very perceptive and intelligent.
She knew that she was accustomed to excessive speech, as Hazrat Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu) commented on her manner, so she made a vow to perform Hajj in silence, and this commitment was better for her.
However, since this act was not permissible in the Shariah, because it is a remnant of the Age of Ignorance (Jahiliyyah) that people used to perform Hajj while observing a fast of silence, as is mentioned in the books of hadith regarding the incident of Abu Isra’il, who made a vow that he would perform Hajj in silence and would not ride or use any shaded thing, so the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) forbade him from this.
In the same way, Hazrat Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu) also ordered the abolition of a matter based on Jahiliyyah.
➋
In the hadith, “righteous deed” (amr salih) refers to Islam, and the “continuance of the leaders” (a’immah) means that through their steadfastness, the legal limits (hudud) are established, people’s rights are protected, and everything is in its proper place. In any case, as long as the chiefs and rulers of the nation continue to follow the religion of Islam correctly, the religion of Islam will remain intact; otherwise, it will fall into disarray. This is just as the current state of the Islamic world is, where the true religion is helpless and unsupported.
The rulers of Islamic countries are not interested in the promotion of Islam; only the Saudi government is such that, in these circumstances, it is mindful of the propagation of Islam and is interested in it.
May Allah, the Exalted, keep it established for a long time. Ameen.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3834
