Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:

The people of the tribe of Ghifar, during the Age of Ignorance (Jahiliyyah), used to steal and plunder the wealth of the pilgrims. After embracing Islam, Allah the Exalted forgave their sins. As for the tribe of ‘Usayyah, they are those who, after making a covenant with the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), acted treacherously and martyred the people of Bi’r Ma‘unah. The circumstances of the martyrs of Bi’r Ma‘unah have been mentioned in detail at another place.

Hadith Commentary:
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) supplicated for the tribe of Ghifar and the tribe of Aslam, asking Allah to grant them good guidance and keep them safe, because these two tribes embraced Islam without any fighting or conflict.

It was well known about the tribe of Ghifar that they used to steal from the pilgrims. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) supplicated for their forgiveness so that this accusation would no longer be associated with them in the future and their previous sins would be forgiven.

The people of the tribe of ‘Usayyah had treacherously martyred seventy reciters (qurra) at Bi’r Ma‘unah, which caused the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to be deeply grieved, and he continued to supplicate against them for a whole month. Therefore, he said:
“‘Usayyah has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger.”
(‘Umdat al-Qari: 11/261)

Hadith Commentary:
➊
Allah Ta’ala says that the affairs of people and the decisions concerning them are solely in My hands.
I do whatever I will.
Whether I grant the disbelievers the ability to repent, or I punish them with death in this world, or I inflict upon them a painful punishment in the Hereafter, all of this is within My authority.

➋
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has presented this in the Book of Holding Fast (Kitab al-I‘tisam) because if they had certainty of faith, they would have been saved from this accursedness.
This verse is synonymous with another verse; Allah Ta’ala says:
“Indeed, you cannot guide whom you love, but Allah guides whom He wills.” ()
This means that actually granting guidance to the disbelievers is not the responsibility of you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam); your responsibility is only to guide them, that is, to clarify the meaning and convey it to them—this alone is your (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) duty.
And Allah knows best.

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: The tribes of Banu Lihyan, Ri'l, Dhakwaan, and 'Usayyah—these four tribes, in the incident of Bi'r Ma'unah, broke their covenant with the seventy (70) Qurra (reciters of the Qur'an) among the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) and martyred them. For this reason, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) supplicated against them in the Qunut prayer for a month.

Commentary:
Note:
(In the chain of narration, Umar bin Hamzah bin Abdullah bin Umar is a weak narrator, but by being strengthened through the aforementioned hadith of Bukhari, this hadith is authentic.)

Explanation:
1:
In this,
there is a virtue mentioned for the tribe of Aslam
and Ghifar,
while there is censure for the tribe of 'Usayyah.

1079. Commentary: Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah has explicitly stated that "fa-anzala Allah" is an addition by the narrator, therefore this verse cannot be considered as the reason for stopping the Qunut Nazilah. See: [فتح الباري : 286/8 ، حدیث : 4560 ۔ مزید دیکھیے : فوائد حدیث : 1071]