صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب المناقبThe Book of Virtues
بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ قُرَيْشٍ:Chapter. Virtues of Quraish.
Hadith 3505
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ ، قَال : حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْأَسْوَدِ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، قَالَ : " كَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَحَبَّ الْبَشَرِ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ أَبَرَّ النَّاسِ بِهَا وَكَانَتْ لَا تُمْسِكُ شَيْئًا مِمَّا جَاءَهَا مِنْ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا تَصَدَّقَتْ ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ : يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ عَلَى يَدَيْهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : أَيُؤْخَذُ عَلَى يَدَيَّ عَلَيَّ نَذْرٌ إِنْ كَلَّمْتُهُ فَاسْتَشْفَعَ إِلَيْهَا بِرِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَبِأَخْوَالِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَاصَّةً فَامْتَنَعَتْ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : الزُّهْرِيُّونَ أَخْوَالُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْهُمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ يَغُوثَ ، وَالْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ إِذَا اسْتَأْذَنَّا فَاقْتَحِمْ الْحِجَابَ فَفَعَلَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا بِعَشْرِ رِقَابٍ فَأَعْتَقَتْهُمْ ثُمَّ لَمْ تَزَلْ تُعْتِقُهُمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَتْ أَرْبَعِينَ ، فَقَالَتْ : وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي جَعَلْتُ حِينَ حَلَفْتُ عَمَلًا أَعْمَلُهُ فَأَفْرُغُ مِنْهُ " .
Narrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair: `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair was the most beloved person to `Aisha excluding the Prophet and Abu Bakr, and he in his turn, was the most devoted to her, `Aisha used not to withhold the money given to her by Allah, but she used to spend it in charity. (`Abdullah) bin AzZubair said, " `Aisha should be stopped from doing so." (When `Aisha heard this), she said protestingly, "Shall I be stopped from doing so? I vow that I will never talk to `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair." On that, Ibn Az-Zubair asked some people from Quraish and particularly the two uncles of Allah's Apostle to intercede with her, but she refused (to talk to him). Az-Zuhriyun, the uncles of the Prophet, including `Abdur-Rahman bin Al-Aswad bin `Abd Yaghuth and Al-Miswar bin Makhrama said to him, "When we ask for the permission to visit her, enter her house along with us (without taking her leave)." He did accordingly (and she accepted their intercession). He sent her ten slaves whom she manumitted as an expiation for (not keeping) her vow. `Aisha manumitted more slaves for the same purpose till she manumitted forty slaves. She said, "I wish I had specified what I would have done in case of not fulfilling my vow when I made the vow, so that I might have done it easily."
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
That is, if she had clearly stated her vow, such as "I will free a slave" or "I will feed such and such number of needy people," then there would have been no hesitation in her heart.
However, Aisha (radi Allahu anha) made an ambiguous vow and did not specify any details; therefore, as a precaution, she freed forty slaves.
Some scholars have derived from this that an unknown (mujhul) vow is valid, but they consider one type of expiation (kaffarah) to be sufficient in such cases.
Abdullah ibn Zubair (radi Allahu anhu) is the son of Asma bint Abi Bakr (radi Allahu anha), who is the elder sister of Aisha (radi Allahu anha). However, his upbringing and education from childhood were undertaken by his maternal aunt, Aisha (radi Allahu anha).
That is, if she had clearly stated her vow, such as "I will free a slave" or "I will feed such and such number of needy people," then there would have been no hesitation in her heart.
However, Aisha (radi Allahu anha) made an ambiguous vow and did not specify any details; therefore, as a precaution, she freed forty slaves.
Some scholars have derived from this that an unknown (mujhul) vow is valid, but they consider one type of expiation (kaffarah) to be sufficient in such cases.
Abdullah ibn Zubair (radi Allahu anhu) is the son of Asma bint Abi Bakr (radi Allahu anha), who is the elder sister of Aisha (radi Allahu anha). However, his upbringing and education from childhood were undertaken by his maternal aunt, Aisha (radi Allahu anha).
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3505
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
Abdullah bin Zubair radi Allahu anhu is the eldest son of Asma radi Allahu anha, who is the elder sister of Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha. The father of both these sisters is Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, but their mothers are different, meaning they are paternal sisters. Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha had no children, so she kept her nephew Abdullah bin Zubair radi Allahu anhu with her and paid special attention to his education and upbringing. She loved him very much. The incident of displeasure and then forgiveness is mentioned in the hadith.
➋
Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha had made a vague (ambiguous) vow (nadhar), so her heart was not satisfied with freeing just one or two slaves; therefore, she freed forty slaves. However, if she had made a specific vow, she would have been absolved by freeing only those slaves. It is stated in Sahih Muslim: "The expiation for a vow is the same as that for an oath." (Sahih Muslim, al-Nadhr, Hadith: 4253(1645)) Perhaps this hadith had not reached her; otherwise, she would not have acted in this way, nor would she have freed forty slaves. In any case, she had made a vague vow without any details. Therefore, as a precaution, she freed forty slaves.
➌
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this hadith the virtue of the Quraysh, that Abdullah bin Zubair radi Allahu anhu sent some Qurayshis to intercede with Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha, meaning they were worthy enough that intercession could be sought through them. And Allah knows best.
➊
Abdullah bin Zubair radi Allahu anhu is the eldest son of Asma radi Allahu anha, who is the elder sister of Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha. The father of both these sisters is Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, but their mothers are different, meaning they are paternal sisters. Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha had no children, so she kept her nephew Abdullah bin Zubair radi Allahu anhu with her and paid special attention to his education and upbringing. She loved him very much. The incident of displeasure and then forgiveness is mentioned in the hadith.
➋
Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha had made a vague (ambiguous) vow (nadhar), so her heart was not satisfied with freeing just one or two slaves; therefore, she freed forty slaves. However, if she had made a specific vow, she would have been absolved by freeing only those slaves. It is stated in Sahih Muslim: "The expiation for a vow is the same as that for an oath." (Sahih Muslim, al-Nadhr, Hadith: 4253(1645)) Perhaps this hadith had not reached her; otherwise, she would not have acted in this way, nor would she have freed forty slaves. In any case, she had made a vague vow without any details. Therefore, as a precaution, she freed forty slaves.
➌
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this hadith the virtue of the Quraysh, that Abdullah bin Zubair radi Allahu anhu sent some Qurayshis to intercede with Sayyida Aisha radi Allahu anha, meaning they were worthy enough that intercession could be sought through them. And Allah knows best.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3505
