Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:
The first jihad took place during the era of Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) (under the leadership of Muawiyah radi Allahu anhu) in 28 AH, in which an expedition was launched against the Christians of the island of Cyprus. In this campaign, Umm Haram (radi Allahu anha) participated; on the return journey, she fell from her mount on the way and was martyred.

The second jihad occurred in 55 AH during the time of Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), in which an attack was made on Constantinople. Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (radi Allahu anhu) attained martyrdom in this campaign and was buried in Constantinople itself.

This army was under the leadership of Yazid ibn Muawiyah. However, the caliphate was still that of Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), so to use this as evidence for the legitimacy of Yazid’s caliphate is incorrect. Furthermore, the glad tidings of forgiveness given to the army do not necessitate that every single individual of the army is forgiven.

Even during the time of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), there was a man who fought very bravely. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said regarding him that he is from the people of Hellfire. Thus, in matters of being destined for Paradise or Hellfire, the consideration is for the final outcome (khatimah). (Wahidi)

Note:
Here, Allamah Waheed al-Zaman has fallen into a grave misunderstanding and has made an unwarranted interpretation of the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) prophecy. In reality, whatever the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) says comes to pass exactly as stated. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not give the glad tidings of Paradise to all those who fought alongside him, whereas, in contrast, he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did give the glad tidings of Paradise to all the soldiers of the army of Constantinople. No human being has the authority to limit the mercies of Allah Ta’ala. (Mahmud al-Hasan Asad)

Hadith Commentary:
➊
The first jihad took place during the era of Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) under the command of Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu).
He prepared a naval fleet and, in 28 AH, launched an attack on the Christians of the island of Cyprus.
Umm Haram (radi Allahu anha) participated in this expedition.
On the return journey, she fell from her mount and was martyred.
The details of this can be seen in previous ahadith. The second jihad occurred during the rule of Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu).
Under the command of Yazid ibn Muawiyah, the Muslims attacked Constantinople, the capital of Rome.
All the soldiers of this army are forgiven by Allah, and among this army were eminent Companions such as Ibn Abbas (radi Allahu anhu), Ibn Umar (radi Allahu anhu), and Abu Ayyub Ansari (radi Allahu anhu).
In this campaign, Abu Ayyub Ansari (radi Allahu anhu) was martyred.
At the time of his martyrdom, he made a bequest that he be buried near the gates of Constantinople.
Accordingly, this was done.
➋
According to the narration of Mahmood ibn Rabi (radi Allahu anhu), the commander of this army was Yazid ibn Muawiyah.
And among them was Abu Ayyub Ansari (radi Allahu anhu) as well.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tahajjud, Hadith: 1186)
➌
Allamah Muhallab (rahimahullah) says that in this hadith is praise for Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu) because he was the first to undertake a naval jihad, and also praise for his son Yazid ibn Muawiyah, because he was the first to attack Constantinople, the capital of Rome.
(Fath al-Bari: 6/125)
The commentary of Ibn Teen and Ibn Munir on the statement of Allamah Muhallab (rahimahullah) is open to question.
Its details will be mentioned later.