صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الوصاياThe Book of Wasaya (Wills and Testaments)
بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا شَهَادَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ حِينَ الْوَصِيَّةِ اثْنَانِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ أَوْ آخَرَانِ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي الأَرْضِ فَأَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةُ الْمَوْتِ تَحْبِسُونَهُمَا مِنْ بَعْدِ الصَّلاَةِ فَيُقْسِمَانِ بِاللَّهِ إِنِ ارْتَبْتُمْ لاَ نَشْتَرِي بِهِ ثَمَنًا وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَا قُرْبَى وَلاَ نَكْتُمُ شَهَادَةَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا إِذًا لَمِنَ الآثِمِينَ فَإِنْ عُثِرَ عَلَى أَنَّهُمَا اسْتَحَقَّا إِثْمًا فَآخَرَانِ يَقُومَانِ مَقَامَهُمَا مِنَ الَّذِينَ اسْتُحِقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الأَوْلَيَانِ فَيُقْسِمَانِ بِاللَّهِ لَشَهَادَتُنَا أَحَقُّ مِنْ شَهَادَتِهِمَا وَمَا اعْتَدَيْنَا إِنَّا إِذًا لَمِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَنْ يَأْتُوا بِالشَّهَادَةِ عَلَى وَجْهِهَا أَوْ يَخَافُوا أَنْ تُرَدَّ أَيْمَانٌ بَعْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاسْمَعُوا وَاللَّهُ لاَ يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفَاسِقِينَ} :Chapter. The Statement of Allah: "O you who believe! When death approaches any of you, and you make a bequest, (then take) the testimony of two just men of your own folk or two others from outside... (up to)... Allah guides not the people who are Al-Fasiqun (the rebellious and disobedient)." (V.5:106-108)
Hadith 2780
اُردوEn
2 وقَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : " خَرَجَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سَهْمٍ مَعَ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ ، وَعَدِيِّ بْنِ بَدَّاءٍ ، فَمَاتَ السَّهْمِيُّ بِأَرْضٍ لَيْسَ بِهَا مُسْلِمٌ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَا بِتَرِكَتِهِ فَقَدُوا جَامًا مِنْ فِضَّةٍ مُخَوَّصًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ ، فَأَحْلَفَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، ثُمَّ وُجِدَ الْجَامُ بِمَكَّةَ ، فَقَالُوا : ابْتَعْنَاهُ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ ، وَعَدِيٍّ ، فَقَامَ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِهِ ، فَحَلَفَا لَشَهَادَتُنَا أَحَقُّ مِنْ شَهَادَتِهِمَا ، وَإِنَّ الْجَامَ لِصَاحِبِهِمْ ، قَالَ : وَفِيهِمْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا شَهَادَةُ بَيْنِكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ سورة المائدة آية 106 " .
Ibn 'Abbas (ra) said, "A man from the tribe of Bani Sahm went out in the company of Tamim Ad-Dari and 'Adi bin Badda'. The man of Bani Sahm died in a land where there was no Muslim. When Tamim and 'Adi returned conveying the property of the deceased, they claimed that they had lost a silver bowl with gold engraving. Allah's Messenger (saws) made them take an oath (to confirm their claim), and then the bowl was found in Makkah with some people who claimed that they had bought it from Tamim and 'Adu, Then two witnesses from the relatives of the deceased got up and swore that their witnesses were more valid than the witnesses of 'Adi and Tamim, and that the bowl belonged to their deceased fellow. So, this verse was revealed in connection with this case ; 'O you who believe! When death approached any of you ...'," (V 5:106)
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this that testimony should be recorded regarding a will, so that it can be utilized in case of any dispute.
(2)
From the noble verse it is understood that, in the event of making a will during travel, if just Muslim witnesses cannot be found, then in such circumstances the testimony of non-Muslims can be accepted, whereas in normal circumstances, Islam and uprightness are conditions for testimony.
If, on the basis of any evidence, doubt arises regarding the testimony of non-Muslims, then the testimony of superior witnesses will invalidate the testimony of the previous witnesses.
From this it is known that testimony, in every situation, should be precise and truthful.
(3)
In one narration, it is mentioned that when Hazrat Tamim Dari radi Allahu anhu became Muslim, he felt remorse for this sin.
He went to the family of the deceased, confessed his crime, paid five hundred dirhams to compensate for the loss, and informed them that the remaining five hundred dirhams were with his companion.
(Fath al-Bari: 5/502)
(1)
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this that testimony should be recorded regarding a will, so that it can be utilized in case of any dispute.
(2)
From the noble verse it is understood that, in the event of making a will during travel, if just Muslim witnesses cannot be found, then in such circumstances the testimony of non-Muslims can be accepted, whereas in normal circumstances, Islam and uprightness are conditions for testimony.
If, on the basis of any evidence, doubt arises regarding the testimony of non-Muslims, then the testimony of superior witnesses will invalidate the testimony of the previous witnesses.
From this it is known that testimony, in every situation, should be precise and truthful.
(3)
In one narration, it is mentioned that when Hazrat Tamim Dari radi Allahu anhu became Muslim, he felt remorse for this sin.
He went to the family of the deceased, confessed his crime, paid five hundred dirhams to compensate for the loss, and informed them that the remaining five hundred dirhams were with his companion.
(Fath al-Bari: 5/502)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 2780
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
Benefit: The name of the deceased Sahmi is Budayl bin Abi Mariyah, and both of his companions were Christians at that time. Later, when the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) arrived in Madinah, they became Muslim. When Tamim Dari accepted Islam, he considered this act of betrayal to be a grave sin. Then he went to the heirs of the Sahmi, informed them of the entire matter, and paid them his share of five hundred dirhams. He also informed them that the remaining five hundred dirhams were with ‘Adi bin Badda’. Those five hundred were also taken from him. (Fath al-Bari, Book of Bequests, Chapter: The Saying of Allah the Exalted: “O you who believe...” 501 to 502)
Benefit: The name of the deceased Sahmi is Budayl bin Abi Mariyah, and both of his companions were Christians at that time. Later, when the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) arrived in Madinah, they became Muslim. When Tamim Dari accepted Islam, he considered this act of betrayal to be a grave sin. Then he went to the heirs of the Sahmi, informed them of the entire matter, and paid them his share of five hundred dirhams. He also informed them that the remaining five hundred dirhams were with ‘Adi bin Badda’. Those five hundred were also taken from him. (Fath al-Bari, Book of Bequests, Chapter: The Saying of Allah the Exalted: “O you who believe...” 501 to 502)
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 3606
