صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الصلحThe Book of Peacemaking
بَابُ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: «ابْنِي هَذَا سَيِّدٌ، وَلَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُصْلِحَ بِهِ بَيْنَ فِئَتَيْنِ عَظِيمَتَيْنِ»:Chapter. The saying of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) to Al-Hasan bin Ali.
Hadith 2704
اُردوEn
وَقَوْلِهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ : فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا سورة الحجرات آية 9 .
And the statement of Allah the Exalted in Surah Al-Hujurat: "So make peace between them both."
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ ، يَقُولُ : " اسْتَقْبَلَ وَاللَّهِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ مُعَاوِيَةَ بِكَتَائِبَ أَمْثَالِ الْجِبَالِ ، فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ : إِنِّي لَأَرَى كَتَائِبَ لَا تُوَلِّي حَتَّى تَقْتُلَ أَقْرَانَهَا ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ : وَكَانَ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ ، أَيْ عَمْرُو إِنْ قَتَلَ هَؤُلَاءِ هَؤُلَاءِ وَهَؤُلَاءِ هَؤُلَاءِ مَنْ لِي بِأُمُورِ النَّاسِ بِنِسَائِهِمْ مَنْ لِي بِضَيْعَتِهِمْ ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ : عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ ، وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَامِرِ بْنِ كُرَيْزٍ ، فَقَالَ : اذْهَبَا إِلَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ فَاعْرِضَا عَلَيْهِ ، وَقُولَا لَهُ ، وَاطْلُبَا إِلَيْهِ ، فَأَتَيَاهُ ، فَدَخَلَا عَلَيْهِ فَتَكَلَّمَا وَقَالَا لَهُ فَطَلَبَا إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُمَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ : إِنَّا بَنُو عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَدْ أَصَبْنَا مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ ، وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ قَدْ عَاثَتْ فِي دِمَائِهَا ، قَالَا : فَإِنَّهُ يَعْرِضُ عَلَيْكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَيَطْلُبُ إِلَيْكَ وَيَسْأَلُكَ ، قَالَ : فَمَنْ لِي بِهَذَا ؟ قَالَا : نَحْنُ لَكَ بِهِ ، فَمَا سَأَلَهُمَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا قَالَا نَحْنُ لَكَ بِهِ ، فَصَالَحَهُ ، فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ : وَلَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بَكْرَةَ ، يَقُولُ : رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ ، وَهُوَ يُقْبِلُ عَلَى النَّاسِ مَرَّةً وَعَلَيْهِ أُخْرَى ، وَيَقُولُ : إِنَّ ابْنِي هَذَا سَيِّدٌ ، وَلَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُصْلِحَ بِهِ بَيْنَ فِئَتَيْنِ عَظِيمَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ " . قَالَ أَبُو عَبْد اللَّهِ : قَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : إِنَّمَا ثَبَتَ لَنَا سَمَاعُ الْحَسَنِ مِنْأَبِي بَكْرَةَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ .
Narrated Al-Hasan Al-Basri: By Allah, Al-Hasan bin `Ali led large battalions like mountains against Muawiya. `Amr bin Al-As said (to Muawiya), "I surely see battalions which will not turn back before killing their opponents." Muawiya who was really the best of the two men said to him, "O `Amr! If these killed those and those killed these, who would be left with me for the jobs of the public, who would be left with me for their women, who would be left with me for their children?" Then Muawiya sent two Quraishi men from the tribe of `Abd-i-Shams called `Abdur Rahman bin Sumura and `Abdullah bin 'Amir bin Kuraiz to Al-Hasan saying to them, "Go to this man (i.e. Al-Hasan) and negotiate peace with him and talk and appeal to him." So, they went to Al-Hasan and talked and appealed to him to accept peace. Al-Hasan said, "We, the offspring of `Abdul Muttalib, have got wealth and people have indulged in killing and corruption (and money only will appease them)." They said to Al-Hasan, "Muawiya offers you so and so, and appeals to you and entreats you to accept peace." Al-Hasan said to them, "But who will be responsible for what you have said?" They said, "We will be responsible for it." So, whatever Al- Hasan asked they said, "We will be responsible for it for you." So, Al-Hasan concluded a peace treaty with Muawiya. Al-Hasan (Al-Basri) said: I heard Abu Bakr saying, "I saw Allah's Apostle on the pulpit and Al-Hasan bin `Ali was by his side. The Prophet was looking once at the people and once at Al-Hasan bin `Ali saying, 'This son of mine is a Saiyid (i.e. a noble) and may Allah make peace between two big groups of Muslims through him."
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The hadith mentions the reconciliation between Hasan (radi Allahu anhu) and Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and from this, the importance of reconciliation is also evident.
For this purpose, the absolute mujtahid, Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah), has brought this hadith here.
Regarding this reconciliation, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had made a prophecy, which was fulfilled word for word, and as a result, the mutual bloodshed among the Muslims ceased.
The military strength of Hasan (radi Allahu anhu), the foresight of Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and then Hasan’s willingness for reconciliation—all these circumstances present many lessons for the Ummah.
But it is a great regret that these lessons have been given very little consideration, the consequences of which the Ummah is still suffering.
The narrator’s statement "wa kana khayra ar-rajulayn" alludes to Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu) and Amr ibn al-As (radi Allahu anhu), indicating that Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu) was better than Amr ibn al-As (radi Allahu anhu), as he was not desirous of war.
The hadith mentions the reconciliation between Hasan (radi Allahu anhu) and Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and from this, the importance of reconciliation is also evident.
For this purpose, the absolute mujtahid, Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah), has brought this hadith here.
Regarding this reconciliation, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had made a prophecy, which was fulfilled word for word, and as a result, the mutual bloodshed among the Muslims ceased.
The military strength of Hasan (radi Allahu anhu), the foresight of Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and then Hasan’s willingness for reconciliation—all these circumstances present many lessons for the Ummah.
But it is a great regret that these lessons have been given very little consideration, the consequences of which the Ummah is still suffering.
The narrator’s statement "wa kana khayra ar-rajulayn" alludes to Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu) and Amr ibn al-As (radi Allahu anhu), indicating that Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu) was better than Amr ibn al-As (radi Allahu anhu), as he was not desirous of war.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 2704
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
The prophecy of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) regarding Hasan ibn Ali (radi Allahu anhu) proved to be true, as through him reconciliation was established between the two groups of Ali (radi Allahu anhu) and Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and they began to live in peace and security.
(2)
At this point, some detail is as follows: After the martyrdom of Ali (radi Allahu anhu), allegiance was given to Hasan (radi Allahu anhu). When he reflected upon this matter, he concluded that it was better for the ummah to avoid discord, and that by handing over the caliphate to Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), unity and harmony would be established among the ummah. Thus, after managing the affairs of the caliphate for six months, he renounced the splendor of the world and the kingdom, even though forty thousand people had pledged allegiance at his hand. From this, it is evident that the reason for relinquishing the caliphate was not humiliation or lack of support, but solely goodwill for the ummah and the elevation of the religion.
(3)
The prophecy of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was fulfilled word for word, and as a result, bloodshed among the Muslims was prevented. The military strength of Hasan (radi Allahu anhu), the foresight of Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and then the willingness of Hasan (radi Allahu anhu) for reconciliation—all these matters contain many lessons for the ummah. The year in which the reconciliation took place became famous in the Muslim ummah as the Year of Unity (‘Aam al-Jama‘ah).
(4)
It should be noted that Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has also mentioned this with these very words as a chapter heading in the Book of Tribulations (Kitab al-Fitan).
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Fitan, Hadith: 7109)
(1)
The prophecy of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) regarding Hasan ibn Ali (radi Allahu anhu) proved to be true, as through him reconciliation was established between the two groups of Ali (radi Allahu anhu) and Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and they began to live in peace and security.
(2)
At this point, some detail is as follows: After the martyrdom of Ali (radi Allahu anhu), allegiance was given to Hasan (radi Allahu anhu). When he reflected upon this matter, he concluded that it was better for the ummah to avoid discord, and that by handing over the caliphate to Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), unity and harmony would be established among the ummah. Thus, after managing the affairs of the caliphate for six months, he renounced the splendor of the world and the kingdom, even though forty thousand people had pledged allegiance at his hand. From this, it is evident that the reason for relinquishing the caliphate was not humiliation or lack of support, but solely goodwill for the ummah and the elevation of the religion.
(3)
The prophecy of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was fulfilled word for word, and as a result, bloodshed among the Muslims was prevented. The military strength of Hasan (radi Allahu anhu), the foresight of Amir Muawiyah (radi Allahu anhu), and then the willingness of Hasan (radi Allahu anhu) for reconciliation—all these matters contain many lessons for the ummah. The year in which the reconciliation took place became famous in the Muslim ummah as the Year of Unity (‘Aam al-Jama‘ah).
(4)
It should be noted that Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has also mentioned this with these very words as a chapter heading in the Book of Tribulations (Kitab al-Fitan).
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Fitan, Hadith: 7109)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 2704
