صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الشهاداتThe Book of Witnesses
بَابُ سُؤَالِ الْحَاكِمِ الْمُدَّعِيَ هَلْ لَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ قَبْلَ الْيَمِينِ:Chapter. The question of the judge to the plaintiff, “Have you a proof?” before asking the defendant to take an oath.
Hadith 2666
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ شَقِيقٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ وَهُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لِيَقْتَطِعَ بِهَا مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ " . قَالَ : فَقَالَ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فِيَّ : وَاللَّهِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ أَرْضٌ ، فَجَحَدَنِي ، فَقَدَّمْتُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ ؟ قَالَ : قُلْتُ لَا ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ لِلْيَهُودِيِّ : احْلِفْ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِذًا يَحْلِفَ وَيَذْهَبَ بِمَالِي ، قَالَ : فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلا سورة آل عمران آية 77 إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ .
Narrated `Abdullah: Allah's Apostle said, "If somebody takes a false oath in order to get the property of a Muslim (unjustly) by that oath, then Allah will be angry with him when he will meet Him." Al-Ash'ath informed me, "By Allah! This was said regarding me. There was a dispute about a piece of land between me and a man from the Jews who denied my right. I took him to the Prophet. Allah's Apostle asked me, 'Do you have an evidence?' I replied in the negative. He said to the Jew, 'Take an oath.' I said, 'O Allah's Apostle! He will surely take an oath and take my property unjustly." So, Allah revealed: "Verily! Those who purchase a little gain at the cost of Allah's covenant and their oaths . . . " (3.77)
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
For justice, it is necessary that the judge first demands witnesses from the claimant (mudda‘i).
If he does not have witnesses, then the defendant (mudda‘a ‘alayh) is made to swear an oath. If the defendant swears a false oath, he will be committing a grave sin. However, in court, many people do not consider it necessary to avoid lying, even though false testimony is among the major sins (kabā’ir).
Similarly, seizing someone’s wealth by swearing a false oath is among the gravest of the major sins (akbar al-kabā’ir), that is, a very great major sin.
For justice, it is necessary that the judge first demands witnesses from the claimant (mudda‘i).
If he does not have witnesses, then the defendant (mudda‘a ‘alayh) is made to swear an oath. If the defendant swears a false oath, he will be committing a grave sin. However, in court, many people do not consider it necessary to avoid lying, even though false testimony is among the major sins (kabā’ir).
Similarly, seizing someone’s wealth by swearing a false oath is among the gravest of the major sins (akbar al-kabā’ir), that is, a very great major sin.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 2666
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
According to this hadith, it is necessary for the court to first demand evidence from the claimant (plaintiff). If he cannot present witnesses or any proof for his claim, then the defendant should be made to swear an oath.
If the defendant swears a false oath, he will be committing a grave sin, and if his falsehood is proven, the court may punish him, because giving false testimony is a major sin (kabirah).
And to usurp someone’s wealth by taking a false oath is an even greater crime than that.
According to this hadith, it is necessary for the court to first demand evidence from the claimant (plaintiff). If he cannot present witnesses or any proof for his claim, then the defendant should be made to swear an oath.
If the defendant swears a false oath, he will be committing a grave sin, and if his falsehood is proven, the court may punish him, because giving false testimony is a major sin (kabirah).
And to usurp someone’s wealth by taking a false oath is an even greater crime than that.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 2666
