صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الصومThe Book of As-Saum (The Fasting).
بَابُ صَوْمِ الصِّبْيَانِ:Chapter. Saum (fasting) of boys (children etc.)
Hadith 1960
اُردوEn
وَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ لِنَشْوَانٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ : وَيْلَكَ وَصِبْيَانُنَا صِيَامٌ فَضَرَبَهُ .
And ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to an intoxicated person: “Woe to you! You have drunk alcohol even in Ramadan, while even our children are fasting.” Then he established the prescribed punishment (hadd) upon him.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ ذَكْوَانَ ، عَنْ الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذٍ ، قَالَتْ : " أَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَدَاةَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قُرَى الْأَنْصَارِ ، مَنْ أَصْبَحَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيُتِمَّ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ ، وَمَنْ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَليَصُمْ ، قَالَتْ : فَكُنَّا نَصُومُهُ بَعْدُ ، وَنُصَوِّمُ صِبْيَانَنَا ، وَنَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ اللُّعْبَةَ مِنَ الْعِهْنِ ، فَإِذَا بَكَى أَحَدُهُمْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ ، أَعْطَيْنَاهُ ذَاكَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ .
Narrated Ar-Rubi' bint Mu'awadh: "The Prophet sent a messenger to the village of the Ansar in the morning of the day of 'Ashura' (10th of Muharram) to announce: 'Whoever has eaten something should not eat but complete the fast, and whoever is observing the fast should complete it.' "She further said, "Since then we used to fast on that day regularly and also make our boys fast. We used to make toys of wool for the boys and if anyone of them cried for, he was given those toys till it was the time of the breaking of the fast."
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
This habitual drunkard had consumed alcohol during Ramadan. When this became known to Umar radi Allahu anhu, he said, "O wretch! What have you done? Even our children are fasting." Then he had him flogged with the prescribed lashes and exiled him to the land of al-Sham (Greater Syria). This incident has been narrated by Sa'id ibn Mansur and al-Baghawi in al-Ja'diyyat.
Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah's purpose in mentioning this incident is solely to establish the legitimacy of children fasting, as was mentioned by Umar radi Allahu anhu. Therefore, it is appropriate to habituate children to fasting as well.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah says: "And in the hadith is proof for the legitimacy of training children to fast, as has preceded, because one who is at the age mentioned in this hadith is not legally accountable (mukallaf)."
That is, in this hadith there is evidence that, as a form of practice, having children fast is legislated, even though at that age they are not legally accountable in the Shari'ah.
This habitual drunkard had consumed alcohol during Ramadan. When this became known to Umar radi Allahu anhu, he said, "O wretch! What have you done? Even our children are fasting." Then he had him flogged with the prescribed lashes and exiled him to the land of al-Sham (Greater Syria). This incident has been narrated by Sa'id ibn Mansur and al-Baghawi in al-Ja'diyyat.
Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah's purpose in mentioning this incident is solely to establish the legitimacy of children fasting, as was mentioned by Umar radi Allahu anhu. Therefore, it is appropriate to habituate children to fasting as well.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah says: "And in the hadith is proof for the legitimacy of training children to fast, as has preceded, because one who is at the age mentioned in this hadith is not legally accountable (mukallaf)."
That is, in this hadith there is evidence that, as a form of practice, having children fast is legislated, even though at that age they are not legally accountable in the Shari'ah.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 1960
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
Although fasting is not obligatory upon children, they should nevertheless be instructed to fast in order to habituate them, so that acts of worship become ingrained in their nature.
It is preferable to encourage children of seven years to perform acts of worship, and when they reach ten years, to strictly require them to adhere to acts of worship.
(2)
Imam Qurtubi said:
Perhaps the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was not aware of the practice of keeping children occupied with toys, because subjecting them to hardship without reason is contrary to his merciful character.
However, this statement is questionable, because in Sahih Muslim, there is a hadith narrated from Rabi‘ bint Mu‘awwidh (radi Allahu anha) that we used to make our young children fast and would take them with us to the mosque.
(Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Siyam, Hadith: 2669(1136))
(3)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) writes that this hadith is evidence that making children fast as practice is legislated, even though at that age they are not legally accountable in the Shari‘ah.
(Fath al-Bari: 4/257)
(1)
Although fasting is not obligatory upon children, they should nevertheless be instructed to fast in order to habituate them, so that acts of worship become ingrained in their nature.
It is preferable to encourage children of seven years to perform acts of worship, and when they reach ten years, to strictly require them to adhere to acts of worship.
(2)
Imam Qurtubi said:
Perhaps the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was not aware of the practice of keeping children occupied with toys, because subjecting them to hardship without reason is contrary to his merciful character.
However, this statement is questionable, because in Sahih Muslim, there is a hadith narrated from Rabi‘ bint Mu‘awwidh (radi Allahu anha) that we used to make our young children fast and would take them with us to the mosque.
(Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Siyam, Hadith: 2669(1136))
(3)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) writes that this hadith is evidence that making children fast as practice is legislated, even though at that age they are not legally accountable in the Shari‘ah.
(Fath al-Bari: 4/257)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 1960
