صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الصومThe Book of As-Saum (The Fasting).
بَابُ وُجُوبِ صَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ:Chapter. Fasting is obligatory in (the month of) Ramadan.
Hadith 1891
اُردوEn
وَقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ سورة البقرة آية 183 .
And Allah the Exalted said: "O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may become righteous."
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سُهَيْلٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَائِرَ الرَّأْسِ ، فَقَالَ : " يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَخْبِرْنِي مَاذَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ ؟ فَقَالَ : الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ : أَخْبِرْنِي مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ ؟ فَقَالَ : شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ : أَخْبِرْنِي بِمَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ ؟ فَقَالَ : فَأَخْبَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَرَائِعَ الْإِسْلَامِ ، قَالَ : وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَكَ لَا أَتَطَوَّعُ شَيْئًا وَلَا أَنْقُصُ مِمَّا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَفْلَحَ إِنْ صَدَقَ ، أَوْ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِنْ صَدَقَ " .
Narrated Talha bin 'Ubaidullah: A bedouin with unkempt hair came to Allah's Apostle and said, "O Allah's Apostle! Inform me what Allah has made compulsory for me as regards the prayers." He replied: "You have to offer perfectly the five compulsory prayers in a day and night (24 hours), unless you want to pray Nawafil." The bedouin further asked, "Inform me what Allah has made compulsory for me as regards fasting." He replied, "You have to fast during the whole month of Ramadan, unless you want to fast more as Nawafil." The bedouin further asked, "Tell me how much Zakat Allah has enjoined on me." Thus, Allah's Apostle informed him about all the rules (i.e. fundamentals) of Islam. The bedouin then said, "By Him Who has honored you, I will neither perform any Nawafil nor will I decrease what Allah has enjoined on me. Allah's Apostle said, "If he is saying the truth, he will succeed (or he will be granted Paradise).
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The name of this Bedouin was Hammad bin Thalabah (radi Allahu anhu). From this hadith, the obligation of fasting in Ramadan is established. Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has cited this hadith here for this very purpose.
This Bedouin did not deny the supererogatory (nafl) acts; rather, he promised not to decrease or increase (beyond the obligatory acts), and it was due to this that he became deserving of the glad tidings given by the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
The name of this Bedouin was Hammad bin Thalabah (radi Allahu anhu). From this hadith, the obligation of fasting in Ramadan is established. Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has cited this hadith here for this very purpose.
This Bedouin did not deny the supererogatory (nafl) acts; rather, he promised not to decrease or increase (beyond the obligatory acts), and it was due to this that he became deserving of the glad tidings given by the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 1891
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this hadith the obligation of fasting in the month of Ramadan.
The name of this Bedouin was Dhamam bin Tha'labah radi Allahu anhu.
He did not deny voluntary fasts (nafl), he merely promised not to decrease or increase in those obligations, due to which he became deserving of glad tidings.
(2)
There is no mention of Hajj in this hadith.
It is possible that Hajj had not yet been made obligatory at that time, which is why the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not mention it.
It can also be said that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did mention Hajj and other rulings of Islam on this occasion, but the narrator summarized, and this also seems likely because after mentioning prayer, fasting, and zakat in the narration, the narrator of the hadith, Talhah bin Ubaydullah radi Allahu anhu, mentioned the laws of Islam, in which Hajj and other important rulings of Islam are included.
(3)
It is also understood from this hadith that one who adheres to the obligations will attain salvation, even if he does not perform voluntary acts (nawafil).
(1)
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this hadith the obligation of fasting in the month of Ramadan.
The name of this Bedouin was Dhamam bin Tha'labah radi Allahu anhu.
He did not deny voluntary fasts (nafl), he merely promised not to decrease or increase in those obligations, due to which he became deserving of glad tidings.
(2)
There is no mention of Hajj in this hadith.
It is possible that Hajj had not yet been made obligatory at that time, which is why the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not mention it.
It can also be said that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did mention Hajj and other rulings of Islam on this occasion, but the narrator summarized, and this also seems likely because after mentioning prayer, fasting, and zakat in the narration, the narrator of the hadith, Talhah bin Ubaydullah radi Allahu anhu, mentioned the laws of Islam, in which Hajj and other important rulings of Islam are included.
(3)
It is also understood from this hadith that one who adheres to the obligations will attain salvation, even if he does not perform voluntary acts (nawafil).
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 1891
