صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الزكاةThe Book of Zakat
بَابُ وُجُوبِ الزَّكَاةِ:Chapter. The obligation of Zakat.
Hadith 1399
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ , قَالَ : " لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَكَفَرَ مَنْ كَفَرَ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : كَيْفَ تُقَاتِلُ النَّاسَ ؟ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ، فَمَنْ قَالَهَا فَقَدْ عَصَمَ مِنِّي مَالَهُ , وَنَفْسَهُ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهِ , وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ .
Narrated Abu Huraira: When Allah's Apostle died and Abu Bakr became the caliph some Arabs renegade (reverted to disbelief) (Abu Bakr decided to declare war against them), `Umar, said to Abu Bakr, "How can you fight with these people although Allah's Apostle said, 'I have been ordered (by Allah) to fight the people till they say: "None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and whoever said it then he will save his life and property from me except on trespassing the law (rights and conditions for which he will be punished justly), and his accounts will be with Allah.' "
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Imran Ayyub Lahori
Lexical Explanation:
«وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَي اللهِ» and its reckoning is upon Allah, meaning that if someone’s inner reality is contrary to their outward appearance, and he hides disbelief in his heart despite outwardly displaying Islam, then its reckoning is not upon us but upon Allah.
«عَنَاقًا» a kid goat.
Understanding of the Hadith:
From this hadith, it is understood that the ruler of the time can also wage war against those who do not give zakat. From this, the superiority and excellence of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu over Umar radi Allahu anhu is also established, in that what Umar radi Allahu anhu understood later, Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu had already understood. Also, the objection of Sayyiduna Umar ibn al-Khattab radi Allahu anhu to the decision of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, and then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu presenting only analogy (qiyas) as evidence, is proof that he did not remember the hadith which Sayyiduna Umar ibn al-Khattab radi Allahu anhu remembered. See: [حدیث 3435] and he has explicitly mentioned along with the testimony of faith (kalimah shahadatayn) both prayer (salah) and zakat. Certainly, if these elders had knowledge of this hadith, they would never have differed. From this, it is also understood that even the senior scholars do not have knowledge of everything, and it is possible that a great scholar or imam may not know something while a lesser scholar does know it.
«وَحِسَابُهُ عَلَي اللهِ» and its reckoning is upon Allah, meaning that if someone’s inner reality is contrary to their outward appearance, and he hides disbelief in his heart despite outwardly displaying Islam, then its reckoning is not upon us but upon Allah.
«عَنَاقًا» a kid goat.
Understanding of the Hadith:
From this hadith, it is understood that the ruler of the time can also wage war against those who do not give zakat. From this, the superiority and excellence of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu over Umar radi Allahu anhu is also established, in that what Umar radi Allahu anhu understood later, Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu had already understood. Also, the objection of Sayyiduna Umar ibn al-Khattab radi Allahu anhu to the decision of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, and then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu presenting only analogy (qiyas) as evidence, is proof that he did not remember the hadith which Sayyiduna Umar ibn al-Khattab radi Allahu anhu remembered. See: [حدیث 3435] and he has explicitly mentioned along with the testimony of faith (kalimah shahadatayn) both prayer (salah) and zakat. Certainly, if these elders had knowledge of this hadith, they would never have differed. From this, it is also understood that even the senior scholars do not have knowledge of everything, and it is possible that a great scholar or imam may not know something while a lesser scholar does know it.
Source: Jawahir al-Iman: Commentary on al-Lu'lu wal-Marjan, Page: 13
