المنتقى ابن الجارود
Al-Muntaqa Ibn al-Jarud
كتاب الطلاقBook of Divorce
باب ذكر ما يوجف عليه والخمس والصفايا
What is seized, the fifth, and special shares
Hadith 1097
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ ، قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ ، عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " كَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ نَفَقَةً مِنْ أَمْوَالِ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ ، وَكَانَتْ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِمَّا لَمْ يُوجِفِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ ، وَمَا بَقِيَ جَعَلَهُ فِي الْكُرَاعِ وَالسِّلاحِ عُدَّةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ " .
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to spend on his family for a year from the wealth of Banu Nadir. This was from the wealth which Allah Almighty had granted to His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) as fay. The Muslims had neither ridden horses nor camels for it. Then whatever remained, he would spend it in the way of Allah for the preparation of horses and weapons.
Hadith 1098
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ الطَّائِيُّ ، قَالَ : ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، وَأَبُو الْيَمَانِ ، وَبِشْرُ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ ، قَالُوا : ثنا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : ثنا عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ ، أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ ، وَفَاطِمَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا حِينَئِذٍ تَطْلُبُ صَدَقَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الَّتِي بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكٍ ، وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيبرَ ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا : قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " لا نُورَثُ ، مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ، إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ " ، يَعْنِي مَالَ اللَّهِ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَزِيدُوا الْمَأْكَلَ ، وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَاتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَلأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمِثْلِ مَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), sent someone to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to request the inheritance from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which Allah Almighty had given to His Messenger as fay. At that time, Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) was demanding that charity of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which was related to what remained from the khums of Madinah, Fadak, and Khaybar. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: We do not leave inheritance; whatever we leave behind is charity. The family of Muhammad may take from this wealth of Allah only as much as is sufficient for their needs. They have no right to take more than that. By Allah! I will not change anything in the charities of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and I will leave them in the same condition as they were during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and I will deal with them in the same way as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to do.
Hadith 1099
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الأَحْمَسِيُّ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ ، قَالا : ثنا وَكِيعٌ ، عَنْ قُرَّةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَلاءِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الشِّخِّيرِ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا جُلُوسًا فِي الْمِرْبَدِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ ، فَجَاءَ أَعْرَابِيُّ وَمَعَهُ أَدِيمٌ أَوْ قِطْعَةُ جِرَابٍ ، فَقَالَ : هَذَا كِتَابٌ كَتَبَهُ لِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ أَبُو الْعَلاءِ : فَأَخَذْتُهُ فَقَرَأْتُهُ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ فَإِذَا فِيهِ : " بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ، هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ لِبَنِي زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَقَيْشٍ ، إِنَّكُمْ إِنْ أَقَمْتُمُ الصَّلاةَ ، وَآتَيْتُمُ الزَّكَاةَ ، وَأَعْطَيْتُمْ مِنَ الْمَغَانِمِ الْخُمُسَ ، وَسَهْمَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَالصَّفِيَّ ، فَأَنْتُمْ آمِنُونَ بِأَمَانِ اللَّهِ ، وَأَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " ، قَالَ : قُلْنَا لَهُ : هَلْ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ شَيْئًا ؟ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ : " صَوْمُ شَهْرِ الصَّبْرِ ، وَصَوْمُ ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ يُذْهِبْنَ وَحَرَ الصَّدْرِ " ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قَالَ : أَتَرُونِي أَكْذِبُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الْكِتَابَ ، فَانْصَاعَ مُدْبِرًا الْحَدِيثُ لِلأَحْمَسِيِّ وَاللَّفْظُ مُتَقَارِبٌ .
Yazid bin Abdullah bin al-Shukhair (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that we were sitting in the (neighborhood) of Mirbad in Basra when a Bedouin came who had a piece of leather or a piece of hide with him. He said: This document was written for me by the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). Abu al-Ala says: I took it and began to read it before the people, and it was written in it: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. This document is from Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, to the Banu Zuhayr bin Aqish. If you establish prayer, pay zakat, give the fifth from the spoils of war, and give the share of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the share of the chosen one (safi), then you will be under the protection of Allah and His Messenger. Abu al-Ala says: We asked him: Have you heard anything from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Fasting in the month of Ramadan and fasting three days in every month removes malice from the heart. He says: I asked him: Did you yourself hear this from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? He replied: Do you think I would lie about the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? He says: Then he took the document and turned his back and left. This hadith is from Ahmasi, but the wording is similar.
