المنتقى ابن الجارود
Al-Muntaqa Ibn al-Jarud
كتاب الطلاقBook of Divorce
باب ما جاء في المواريث
What is reported about inheritance
Hadith 953
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ ، قَالَ : ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ الأَوْدِيِّ ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ مُصَرِّفٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ سورة النساء آية 33 ، قَالَ : وَرَثَةً ، وَفِي قَوْلِهِ : وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ سورة النساء آية 33 ، قَالَ : كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ يَرِثُ الأَنْصَارِيَّ دُونَ ذَوِي رَحِمِهِ بِالأُخُوَّةِ الَّتِي آخَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمْ ، فَلَمَّا نزلت الآيَةُ : وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ سورة النساء آية 33 نسخت ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ : وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ سورة النساء آية 33 مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ ، وَيُوصِي لَهُ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْمِيرَاثُ " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said regarding the verse of the Qur’an: “And for everyone We have made heirs (mawali)” (an-Nisa: 33): The meaning of mawali is heirs. And regarding the verse: “And those with whom your oaths have been contracted, give them their share” (an-Nisa: 33) (those people who have sworn firm oaths with you, give them their share), he said: When the Muhajirun came to Madinah, due to the brotherhood that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) established between them, they would inherit from the Ansar, and they would not inherit from their own relatives. When the verse “And for everyone We have made heirs (mawali)” (an-Nisa: 33) was revealed, the previous ruling was abrogated. Then he recited this verse: “And those with whom your oaths have been contracted, give them their share” (an-Nisa: 33), meaning help, cooperation, goodwill, and making a bequest in their favor remains, while inheritance has ended.
Hadith 954
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ ، قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ : وَقَالَ مرة يَبْلُغُ بِهِ : " لا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ ، وَلا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ " ، الْحَدِيثُ لابْنِ الْمُقْرِئِ .
Sayyiduna Usama bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A Muslim cannot be the heir of a disbeliever, nor can a disbeliever be the heir of a Muslim.
Hadith 955
حَدَّثَنَا الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ ، قَالَ : ثنا عَفَّانُ ، قَالَ : ثنا وهَيْبٌ ، ح وَثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، قَالَ : أنا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، قَالَ : ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ طَاوُسٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " أَلْحِقُوا الْفَرَائِضَ بِأَهْلِهَا ، فَمَا بَقِيَ فَهُوَ لأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ " ، قَالَ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ : لأَوْلَى ذَكَرٍ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: After giving the rightful heirs their inheritance, whatever remains should be given to the man who is the closest relative of the deceased. Zafrani has used the masculine word.
Hadith 956
حَدَّثَنَا بَحْرُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ ، قَالَ : ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، قَالَ : أَنِي ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : عَادَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي بَنِي سَلَمَةَ فَوَجَدَنِي لا أَعْقِلُ ، فَدَعَا بِمَاءٍ فَتَوَضَّأَ فَرَشَّ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُ ، فَأَفَقْتُ فَقُلْتُ : " كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ فِي مَالِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ فنزلت : يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلادِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مثل حَظِّ الأُنْثَيَيْنِ " .
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came to visit me in the locality of Banu Salamah. He found me unconscious, so he asked for water, performed ablution, and sprinkled that water on me. I regained consciousness, so I said: O Messenger of Allah! What should I do with my wealth? Then this verse was revealed: "Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, a share equal to that of two females." (An-Nisa: 11) (Allah Almighty instructs you regarding your children that the male will have a share equal to that of two females.)
Hadith 957
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَجَاءٍ ، قَالَ : ثنا إِسْرَائِيلُ ، عَنْ أَبِي حُصَيْنٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالا فَهُوَ لِلْعَصَبَةِ ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ كَلا أَوْ ضَيَاعًا فَإِلَيَّ فَأَنَا وَلِيُّهُ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever (among Muslims) leaves behind wealth, then it is for his ‘asaba (male heirs), and whoever leaves behind a burden (debt) or dependents, then their responsibility is upon me; I am their guardian.
Hadith 958
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ ، قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، يَقُولُ : " اشْتَكَيْتُ فَأَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَهُمَا مَاشِيَانِ ، قَدْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيَّ ، " فَتَوَضَّأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ صَبَّ عَلَيَّ وُضُوءَهُ ، فَأَفَقْتُ فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، كَيْفَ أَقْضِي فِي مَالِي ؟ كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ فِي مَالِي ؟ فَلَمْ يُجِبْنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى نزلت آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ " ، قَالَ : وَقَالَ أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ : قَالَ : نزلت فِيهِ : يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلالَةِ سورة النساء آية 176 .
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates that I fell ill, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came on foot to visit me. I was unconscious, so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked for water, performed ablution, and then sprinkled the water of ablution over me. I regained consciousness, so I said: O Messenger of Allah! How should I decide about my wealth? What should I do with my wealth? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not give me any answer until this verse was revealed: __QUR_4:176__ (They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: Allah gives you a verdict concerning the kalalah.)
Hadith 959
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : ثنا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خَرَشَةَ ، عَنْ قَبَيْصَة بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ ، قَالَ : جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا ، فَقَالَ : مَا لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ شَيْءٌ ، وَمَا عَلِمْتُ لَكِ فِي سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا ، فَارْجِعِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ ، فَسَأَلَ النَّاسَ ، فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ : حُضَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْطَاهَا السُّدُسَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : هَلْ مَعَكَ غَيْرُكَ ؟ فَقَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ ، فَقَالَ مِثْلَمَا قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ ، فَأَنْفَذَهُ لَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ الأُخْرَى إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا ، فَقَالَ : مَا لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ شَيْءٌ ، وَمَا الْقَضَاءُ الَّذِي بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِهِ إِلا لِغَيْرِكِ ، وَمَا أَنَا زَائِدٌ فِي الْفَرَائِضِ شَيْئًا ، وَلَكِنْ هُوَ ذَلِكَ السُّدُسُ ، فَإِنِ اجْتَمَعْتُمَا فِيهِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَكُمَا ، وَأَيُّكُمَا خَلَتْ بِهِ فَهُوَ لَهَا " .
Qabisah bin Dhuwaib (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that a maternal grandmother came to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to inquire about her share of inheritance. He (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "There is no share mentioned for you in the Book of Allah, nor do I know of any share for you from the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Go back, and I will ask the people about this matter." So he asked the people, and Mughira bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he gave her (the grandmother) one-sixth." Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked him: "Is there anyone else (as a witness) with you?" Then Muhammad bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said the same thing that Mughira bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) had said. So Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) implemented this ruling. Then another maternal grandmother came to Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) to inquire about her share of inheritance. He said: "There is nothing for you in the Book of Allah, and the decision of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that has reached us is not concerning you. Also, I cannot add anything from myself to the prescribed shares, and your share is one-sixth. If both of you are present, it will be divided between you, and if only one of you is present, then the one-sixth will be hers alone."
Hadith 960
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبِي ، يَقُولُ : أنا أَبُو الْمُنِيبِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : أَطْعَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْجَدَّةَ السُّدُسَ إِذَا لَمْ تَكُنْ أُمًّا " .
Sayyiduna Buraidah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that in the absence of the mother, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the grandmother one-sixth share.
Hadith 961
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : ثنا هَمَّامٌ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنِ الحَسَنِ ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، أَنَّ رَجُلا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ ابْنَ ابْنِي مَاتَ فَمَا لِي مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَكَ السُّدُسُ ، فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ ، فَقَالَ : لَكَ سُدُسٌ آخَرُ ، فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ السُّدُسَ الآخَرَ طُعْمَةٌ " ، قَالَ قَتَادَةُ : فَأَقَلُّ شَيْءٍ يَرِثُ الْجَدُّ السُّدُسُ ، لأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَّثَهُ السُّدُسَ ، وَلا نَدْرِي مَعَ مَنْ وَرَّثَهُ ؟ .
Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that a man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: My grandson has passed away; how much share do I have in his inheritance? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You will get one-sixth. When he was about to leave, the Prophet called him back and said: You will get another one-sixth. Then when he was about to leave again, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called him back and said: The second one-sixth is for sustenance. Qatadah says: The minimum inheritance of the grandfather is one-sixth, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made him an heir to one-sixth, and we do not know with which heir the Prophet included him to give him one-sixth.
Hadith 962
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، قَالَ : أنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَيْسٍ ، عَنِ الْهُزَيْلِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " قَضَى فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ ، وَابْنَةَ ابْنِهِ ، وَأُخْتَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ لابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفَ ، وَلابْنَةِ الابْنِ السُّدُسَ ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلأُخْتِ " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a verdict regarding a man who had left behind a daughter, a granddaughter, and a sister (after his death): he gave half to the daughter, one-sixth to the granddaughter, and whatever remained, he gave to the sister.
Hadith 963
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ ، قَالَ : ثنا النَّضْرُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ شُمَيْلٍ ، قَالَ : أنا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ الأَسْوَدُ : " قَضَى فِينَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَأُخْتَهُ ، قَالَ : قَضَى لابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفَ وَلِلأُخْتِ النِّصْفَ " .
Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him) says that during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), our man died leaving behind a daughter and a sister. Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) judged that half (of the wealth) would go to the daughter and half to the sister.
Hadith 964
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ ، قَالَ : كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ أَنْ عَلِّمُوا غِلْمَانَكُمُ الْعَوْمَ وَمُقَاتِلَتَكُمُ الرَّمْيَ ، قَالَ : فَكَانُوا يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِي الأَعْرَاضِ ، قَالَ : فَجَاءَ سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ فَقَتَلَ غُلامًا فِي حِجْرِ خَالٍ لَهُ لا يُعْلَمُ لَهُ أَصْلٌ ، قَالَ : فَكَتَبَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ إِلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا إِلَى مَنْ أَدْفَعُ عَقْلَهُ ، فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، كَانَ يَقُولُ : " اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلِيُّ مَنْ لا مَوْلَى لَهُ ، وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لا وَارِثَ لَهُ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Umamah bin Sahl bin Hunayf (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) instructing him to teach swimming to his sons and archery to his warriors. The narrator says: They (the people) were disputing over the spoils of war when an unknown arrow came and killed a boy who was being raised by his maternal uncle, and there was no trace of his father. Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asking to whom he should hand over the blood money. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote back that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say: Whoever has no mawla, Allah and His Messenger are his mawla, and whoever has no heir, the maternal uncle is his heir.
Hadith 965
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ جَمِيلٍ ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ بُدَيْلِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَوْزَنِيِّ ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ الْكِنْدِيِّ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَنَا أَوْلَى بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ مَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضَيْعَةً " ، وَقَالَ الْهَيْثَمُ : أَوْ كَلا فَإِلَيَّ ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَالا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ ، وَأَنَا مَوْلَى مَنْ لا مَوْلَى لَهُ ، أَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَأَفُكُّ عَانَهُ ، وَالْخَالُ مَوْلَى مَنْ لا مَوْلَى لَهُ يَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَيَفُكُّ عَانَهُ .
Sayyiduna Miqdam al-Kindi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I am more entitled to every believer than his own self. Whoever leaves behind a debt or dependents (Haytham used the word "kalla"), then their responsibility is upon me, and whoever (Muslim) leaves behind wealth, then it is for his heirs. Whoever has no mawla (heir), then I am his mawla. I will inherit his wealth and free his captive. Whoever has no mawla (heir), then his maternal uncle will be his mawla; he will inherit his wealth and free his captive.
Hadith 966
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ ، قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : الدِّيَةُ لِلْعَاقِلَةِ ، وَلا تَرِثُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا ، حَتَّى أَخْبَرَهُ الضَّحَّاكُ الْكِلابِيُّ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ " يُوَرِّثَ امْرَأَةَ أَشْيَمَ الضِّبَابِيِّ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا " .
Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The rightful recipients of blood money (diyah) are the 'aqilah (paternal relatives). The wife will not inherit from her husband's blood money, until Dahhak Kalabi (may Allah be pleased with him) informed him: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had written to me that I should make Ashyam Dhibabi's wife an heir from her husband's blood money.
Hadith 967
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى ، قَالَ : أنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي ، عَنْ جَدِّي ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَوْمَ فَتْحَ مَكَّةَ : " لا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ ، وَالْمَرْأَةُ تَرِثُ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا وَمَالِهِ ، وَهُوَ يَرِثُ مِنْ دِيَتِهَا وَمَالِهَا مَا لَمْ يَقْتُلْ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ ، فَإِنْ قَتَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ لَمْ يَرِثْ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ وَمَالِهِ شَيْئًا ، وَإِنْ قَتَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ خَطَأً وَرِثَ مِنْ مَالِهِ وَلَمْ يَرِثْ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said on the day of the conquest of Makkah: The followers of two religions cannot inherit from each other. A woman will inherit the blood money and wealth of her husband, and the husband will inherit the blood money and wealth of his wife, as long as neither of them has killed the other. If one of them has killed the other, then he will not inherit anything from his blood money or wealth. If one of them has killed the other by mistake, then he will inherit his wealth but not his blood money.
