المنتقى ابن الجارود
Al-Muntaqa Ibn al-Jarud
كتاب الطلاقBook of Divorce
باب ما جاء في الأيمان
What is reported about oaths
Hadith 922
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِيِّ ، وَمَحْمُودُ بْنُ آدَمَ ، قَالا : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ : وَأَبِي أَبِي ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ " ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا حَلَفْتُ بِهِ بَعْدُ ذَاكِرًا وَلا آثِرًا ، الْحَدِيثُ لابْنِ الْمُقْرِئِ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) heard Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) saying: "By my father! By my father!" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah forbids you from swearing by your forefathers." Sayyiduna Umar narrates: "By Allah! After that, I never swore by my father, neither while speaking myself nor while quoting anyone else."
Hadith 923
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، قَالَ : أنا هِشَامٌ ، عَنِ الحَسَنِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " لا تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ وَلا بِالطَّوَاغِيتِ " .
Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not swear by your forefathers, nor by idols.
Hadith 924
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَصِيبِ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ ، قَالا : ثنا وَكِيعٌ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلابَةَ ، عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ الضَّحَّاكِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ حَلَفَ بِمِلَّةٍ سِوَى الإِسْلامِ كَاذِبًا فَهُوَ كَمَا قَالَ " ، الْحَدِيثُ لِعَلِيٍّ وَزَادَ : وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ بَايَعَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ .
Sayyiduna Thabit bin Dhahak (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever swears a false oath by a religion other than Islam, it is as if he is as he said. (That is, if he says, "If I am lying, then I become a Jew," etc., then he becomes a Jew.) This hadith is from Ali bin Muhammad, and it also includes the addition that Sayyiduna Thabit bin Dhahak (may Allah be pleased with him) was among those Companions who pledged allegiance (Bay'at al-Ridwan) to the Prophet under the tree.
Hadith 925
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ خَشْرَمٍ ، قَالَ : أنا عِيسَى ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى : لا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ سورة البقرة آية 225 قَالَتْ : أنزلت فِي قَوْلِ الرَّجُلِ : بَلَى وَاللَّهِ ، وَلا وَاللَّهِ .
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said regarding this verse of the Qur'an: ﴿لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ﴾ (Al-Baqarah: 225) (Allah does not hold you accountable for unintentional oaths): This verse was revealed about people saying: "By Allah! Yes, by Allah! No, by Allah!" (i.e., taking oaths unintentionally as a manner of speaking during conversation is considered a vain oath.)
Hadith 926
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ ، قَالَ : ثنا وَكِيعٌ ، قَالَ : ثنا الأَعْمَشُ ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ صَبْرٍ يَقْتَطِعُ بِهَا مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَهُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ ، لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ " فنزلت : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلا سورة آل عمران آية 77 الآيَةَ ، فَدَخَلَ الأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ : مَا يُحَدِّثُكُمْ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ؟ قُلْنَا : كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَقَالَ : صَدَقَ ، فِيَّ نزلت ، كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ قَوْمِي خُصُومَةٌ فِي أَرْضٍ لَنَا فَخَاصَمْتُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : بَيِّنَتُكَ ، فَلَمْ تَكُنْ لِيَ بَيِّنَةٌ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : احْلِفْ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِذَا يَحْلِفُ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ صَبْرٍ يَقْتَطِعُ بِهَا مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَهُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ ، لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهُو عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ ، فنزلت : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلا سورة آل عمران آية 77 الآيَة " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever swears a false oath in order to seize the wealth of a Muslim man in any matter, will meet Allah while Allah is angry with him. Then this verse was revealed: "Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their oaths for a small price..." (Aal-e-Imran: 77) (Those who obtain a small price in exchange for Allah's covenant and their false oaths.) Ash'ath bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him) came and asked: Abu Abdur Rahman (the kunyah of Abdullah bin Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him), what are you narrating? We said: We are narrating this hadith. He said: He is telling the truth, this verse was revealed about me. There was a dispute over land between me and a man from my tribe. I brought that dispute to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so he said: Bring your evidence. I had no evidence, so he said to the other man: Swear an oath. I said: O Messenger of Allah! He will surely swear an oath. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever swears a false oath in order to seize the wealth of a Muslim man in any matter, will meet Allah while Allah is angry with him. Then this verse was revealed: "Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their oaths for a small price..." (Aal-e-Imran: 77)
Hadith 927
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، قَالَ : ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، قَالَ : ثنا هَاشِمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ ، قَالَ : أَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نِسْطَاسٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، يَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " لا يَحْلِفُ رَجُلٌ عَلَى يَمِينٍ آثِمًا عِنْدَ مِنْبَرِي هَذَا وَلَوْ عَلَى سِوَاكٍ أَخْضَرَ إِلا تَبَوَّأَ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ " .
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates that I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Whoever swears a false oath near my pulpit, even if it is regarding a fresh miswak, then he has made his abode in Hell.
Hadith 928
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ ، قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ نَافِعِ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَقَدِ اسْتَثْنَى " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever, after taking an oath, says "In sha Allah" (if Allah wills), then he has made an exception.
Hadith 929
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ ، عَنِ الحَسَنِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ وَرَأَيْتَ غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَأْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ " .
Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When you swear an oath to do something, then see another action better than it, then do the better action and offer expiation for your oath.
Hadith 930
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : أنا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ : قَالَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا اسْتَلْجَجَ أَحَدُكُمْ بِالْيَمِينِ فِي أَهْلِهِ فَإِنَّهُ آثَمٌ ، لَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنَ الْكَفَّارَةِ الَّتِي أُمِرَ بِهَا " .
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Abu al-Qasim (peace be upon him) said: When someone insists on an oath in his house, he commits a greater sin in the sight of Allah than the expiation he has been commanded to offer.
Hadith 931
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، قَالَ : أنا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ ، أَنَّهُ جَاءَ بِأَمَةٍ سَوْدَاءَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ عَلَيَّ رَقَبَةً مُؤْمِنَةً ، فَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَرَى هَذِهِ مُؤْمِنَةً أَعْتِقُهَا ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَتَشْهَدِينَ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ ؟ فَقَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : أَتَشْهَدِينَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : أَتُؤْمِنِينَ بِالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ ؟ قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَأَعْتِقْهَا " .
Ubaydullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah narrates from an Ansari man that he brought a black slave woman and said: O Messenger of Allah! It is obligatory upon me to free a believing slave. If you consider her a believer, I will set her free. The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked her: Do you testify that there is no god but Allah? She said: Yes! He asked: Do you testify that I am the Messenger of Allah? She said: Yes! The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: Do you believe in life after death? She said: Yes! The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Set her free.
