المنتقى ابن الجارود
Al-Muntaqa Ibn al-Jarud
كتاب الصلاةBook of Prayer
باب الجماعة والإمامة
Congregational prayer and leadership
Hadith 303
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ ، قَالَ : ثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " فَضْلُ صَلاةِ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَلَى صَلاةِ الرَّجُلِ وَحْدَهُ خَمْسَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ جُزْءًا " .
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Prayer performed in congregation is twenty-five times superior to prayer performed alone."
Hadith 304
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ آمُرَ رِجَالا يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ ثُمَّ آمُرُ فِتْيَانِي فَيُخَالِفُونَ إِلَى قَوْمٍ لا يَأْتُونَهَا فَيُحَرِّقُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ بُيُوتَهُمْ بِحُزَمِ الْحَطَبِ ، وَلَوْ عَلِمَ أَحَدُهُمْ أَنَّهُ يَجِدُ عَظْمًا سَمِينًا أَوْ مِرْمَاتَيْنِ حَسَنَتَيْنِ لَشَهِدَ الْعِشَاءَ " .
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I intended to order someone to lead the prayer, then I would go with some young men carrying bundles of wood to those who do not attend the congregation and burn their houses down. If anyone knew that he would get a meaty bone or two fine shanks, he would surely attend the ‘Isha prayer."
Hadith 305
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا أَتَيْتُمُ الصَّلاةَ فَلا تَأْتُوهَا وَأَنْتُمْ تَسْعُونَ وَأْتُوهَا وَأَنْتُمْ تَمْشُونَ ، وَعَلَيْكُمُ السَّكِينَةُ ، فَمَا أَدْرَكْتُمْ فَصَلُّوا ، وَمَا فَاتَكُمْ فَاقْضُوا " .
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "When you come for prayer, do not run, but come walking calmly. Whatever part of the prayer you catch, perform it, and whatever you miss, complete it."
Hadith 306
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلاةُ ، نَحْوَهُ ، وَقَالَ : فَأَتِمُّوا ، وَقَالَ شُعَيْبٌ وَعُقَيْلٌ وَابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ وَغَيْرُهُمْ فِي هَذَا : فَأَتِمُّوا .
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the iqamah is pronounced...." etc. In the narrations of Shu'ayb, 'Aqil, Ibn Abi Dhi'b, and others, the words are «فَأَتِمُّوا».
Hadith 307
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعِجْلِيُّ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، " أَنَّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ حِينَ أَقْبَلُوا مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ نَزَلُوا الْعُصْبَةَ إِلَى جَنْبِ قُبَاءٍ ، فَأَمَّهُمْ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ لأَنَّهُ كَانَ أَكْثَرَهُمْ قُرْآنًا , فِيهِمْ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَسَدِ وَعُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ " .
Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that when the Muhajirun migrated from Makkah to Madinah, they camped at a place called Usbah near Quba. So, Salim, the freed slave of Abu Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him), led them in prayer because he knew the most Qur'an among them. Among them were also Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Asad (may Allah be pleased with him) and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hadith 308
حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْقَطَّانُ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ رَجَاءٍ ، عَنْ أَوْسِ بْنِ ضَمْعَجٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَعْلَمُهُمْ بِالسُّنَّةِ ، فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً ، فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ سِنًّا ، وَلا يُؤَمُّ الرَّجُلُ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ ، وَلا يُقْعَدُ فِي بَيْتِهِ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ إِلا بِإِذْنِهِ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Mas’ud Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The one who should lead the people in prayer is the one who recites the Book of Allah (Qur’an) the most among them. If they are equal in recitation, then the one who knows the Sunnah more. If they are equal in the Sunnah, then the one who migrated earlier. If they are equal in migration, then the one who is oldest in age. No one should lead in someone’s domain without his permission, nor should he sit in his place of honor without permission.”
Hadith 309
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ سَلَمَةَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْجَرْمِيُّ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا بِحَضْرَةِ مَاءٍ مَمَرِّ النَّاسِ فَكُنَّا نَسْأَلُهُمْ : مَا هَذَا الأَمْرُ ؟ فَذَكَرَ بَعْضَ الْحَدِيثِ ، قَالَ : انْطَلَقَ أَبِي بِإِسْلامِ أَهْلِ حَوَائنا ، قَالَ : فَأَقَامَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُقِيمَ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنْهُ تَلَقَّيْنَاهُ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَاهُ ، قَالَ : جِئْتُكُمْ وَاللَّهِ مِنْ عِنْدُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَقًّا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَأَنْ تُصَلُّوا صَلاةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا ، وَصَلاةَ كَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا ، وَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلاةُ فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ أَحَدُكُمْ ثُمَّ لِيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا ، فَنَظَرَ أَهْلُ حَوَائنا ، فَمَا وَجَدُوا أَحَدًا أَكْثَرَ مِنِّي قُرْآنًا لِلَّذِي كُنْتُ أَحْفَظُ مِنَ الرُّكْبَانِ ، قَالَ : فَقَدَّمُونِي بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ ، فَكُنْتُ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ وَأَنَا ابْنُ سِتِّ سِنِينَ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Yazid Jarami Amr bin Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that we used to live near the water on the path where people would pass by, so we used to ask them about this religion. He narrated the hadith, saying: My father went on behalf of the people of his tribe to gather information about Islam, and he stayed with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) for as long as Allah willed. Then when he returned, we welcomed him. Seeing us, he said, "By Allah! I am coming from a true Messenger." Then he said: "He commands you to do such and such things and forbids you from such and such things. He also commands you to pray such and such prayer at such and such time, and such and such prayer at such and such time. When the time for prayer comes, one man should give the adhan, then he should lead the prayer, the one among you who knows the Qur'an the most." The people of our tribe considered, and did not find anyone who knew more Qur'an than me, because I used to memorize the Qur'an from the travelers. So they put me forward, and I used to lead them in prayer at the age of six years.
Hadith 310
حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا عِمْرَانُ الْقَطَّانُ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " اسْتَخْلَفَ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مَرَّتَيْنِ ، وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ وَمَعَهُ رَايَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ " .
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum (may Allah be pleased with him) as his deputy in Madinah twice. I saw him on the day of the Battle of Qadisiyyah; he had a black flag with him.
Hadith 311
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُقْرِئِ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ ، سَمِعَ سَهْلَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ : " وَقَعَ بَيْنَ حَيَّيْنِ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ كَلامٌ فِي شَيْءٍ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ حَتَّى نَزَعَ الشَّيْطَانُ بَيْنَهُمْ ، وَقَالَ مَرَّةً : حَتَّى تَنَاوَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا ، فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَتَاهُمْ ، فَاحْتَبَسَ ، فَأَذَّنَ بِلالٌ ، فَلَمَّا أَبْطَأَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يَجِئْ ، فَأَقَامَ بِلالٌ ، فَتَقَدَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، فَلَمَّا تَقَدَّمَ جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ ، فَتَخَلَّلَ الصُّفُوفَ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الصَّفِّ الأَوَّلِ ، وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لا يَلْتَفِتُ فِي صَلاتِهِ ، فَصَفَّحَ النَّاسُ هَكَذَا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ التَّصْفِيحَ الْتَفَتَ ، فَإِذَا هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنِ امْكُثْ " ، وَقَالَ مَرَّةً : فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَنَكَصَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَهْقَرَى ، فَتَقَدَّمَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَى صَلاتَهُ ، قَالَ : مَا مَنَعَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ تَثْبُتَ ؟ قَالَ : مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَرَى ابْنَ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that due to a disagreement from the time of ignorance, there was a bitter exchange of words between two Ansari tribes, to the extent that Satan intervened (i.e., they started fighting). And in another narration: to the extent that they grabbed each other. When the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) found out, he came to reconcile them. He was delayed for a while (until the prayer time), so Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the call to prayer (adhan). The Prophet (peace be upon him) was further delayed and did not come, so Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the iqamah, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) stepped forward (to lead the prayer) and began the leadership. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived, and as he passed through the rows, he stood in the first row. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would not usually turn his attention here and there during the prayer, but when people started clapping, and when he heard the sound of clapping, he turned and saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was present. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) signaled him to remain standing in his place, but Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) raised his head towards the sky and stepped back on his heels. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) moved forward, and after completing the prayer, asked: “Abu Bakr! Why did you not continue leading the prayer?” He replied: “Allah does not want the son of Abu Quhafa to stand in front of His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).”
Hadith 312
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ ، قَالَ : أَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ، قَالَ : أنِي أَبُو حَازِمٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ سَهْلَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ " صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَوْمًا وَالنَّاسُ وَرَاءَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ يُصَلِّي فَيَرْكَعُ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعُ يَرْجِعُ الْقَهْقَرَى وَيَسْجُدُ عَلَى الأَرْضِ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيَرْتَقِي عَلَيْهِ كُلَّمَا سَجَدَ نزل ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ ، قَالَ : " أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، إِنِّي إِنَّمَا صَلَّيْتُ لَكُمْ هَكَذَا كَمَا تَرَوْنِي فَتَأَتَمُّونَ بِي " .
Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that one day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) led the prayer on the pulpit, while the people were behind him. When he rose from bowing (ruku’), he stepped backward and prostrated on the ground, then climbed the pulpit again, and for prostration descended again. After finishing, he said: O people! I have led you in this prayer so that you may follow me in the same manner as you have seen me.
