المنتقى ابن الجارود
Al-Muntaqa Ibn al-Jarud
كتاب الطهارةBook of Purification
باب التيمم
Dry ablution (tayammum)
Hadith 121
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: ثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: ثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ صَالِحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ: ثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: عَرَّسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذَاتِ الْجَيْشِ وَمَعَهُ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهُ فَانْقَطَعَ عِقْدٌ لَهَا مِنْ جَزْعِ ظَفَارٍ فَحَبَسَ النَّاسَ ابْتِغَاءُ عِقْدِهَا ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَضَاءَ الْفَجْرُ وَلَيْسَ مَعَ النَّاسِ مَاءٌ فَتَغَيَّظَ عَلَيْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَقَالَ: حَبَسْتِ النَّاسَ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ مَاءٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ رُخْصَةَ التَّطَهُّرِ بِالصَّعِيدِ الطَّيِّبِ فَقَامَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَضَرَبُوا بِأَيْدِيهِمُ الْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ رَفَعُوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَقْبِضُوا مِنَ التُّرَابِ شَيْئًا فَمَسَحُوا وجُوهَهُمْ وَأَيْدِيَهُمْ إِلَى الْمَنَاكِبِ وَمَنْ بُطُونِ أَيْدِيهِمْ إِلَى الْآبَاطِ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: وَلَا يَعْتَبِرُ النَّاسُ بِهَذَا.
Sayyiduna Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) camped at a place called Dhat al-Jaish. Along with him was his honorable wife, Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). During this time, her necklace made of 'Aqiq from Dhafar (a city near the coast of Yemen) broke and fell. Searching for it delayed the entire caravan, until the morning became bright and the people had no water. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) became upset with Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: "You have held up the entire caravan and they do not have (water for) ablution." Meanwhile, Allah the Exalted revealed to the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) the verse regarding the concession of purification with pure earth. All the Muslims stood with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), struck their hands on the ground, raised their hands without taking any soil, and wiped their faces, their hands up to the shoulders, and from the inner side of the hands up to the armpits. Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) said in his narration that people do not act upon this (wiping up to the shoulders and armpits).
Hadith 122
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ، قَالَ: ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: ثَنَا عَوْفٌ، قَالَ: ثَنَا أَبُو رَجَاءٍ، قَالَ: ثَنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كُنَّا فِي سَفَرٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا انْفَتَلَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ إِذَا رَجُلٌ مُعْتَزِلٌ لَمْ يُصَلِّ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ: «مَا مَنَعَكَ يَا فُلَانُ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ؟» فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَصَابَتْنِي جَنَابَةٌ وَلَا مَاءَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّعِيدِ الطَّيِّبِ فَإِنَّهُ يَكْفِيكَ».
Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that we were on a journey with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when he led the people in prayer. When the prayer was finished, (he saw) a man sitting apart who had not prayed with the people. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "So-and-so! Why did you not pray with the people?" He replied: "O Messenger of Allah! I became junub (in a state of major ritual impurity) and water is not available." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Use earth (for tayammum), that is sufficient."
Hadith 123
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: ثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، قَالَ: ثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «جُعِلَتْ لِي الْأَرْضُ مَسْجِدًا وَطَهُورًا».
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The earth has been made a mosque and a means of purification for me.
Hadith 124
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ، قَالَ: ثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ الْأَنْمَاطِيُّ، قَالَ: ثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، وَحُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «جُعِلَتْ لِي كُلُّ أَرْضٍ طَيِّبَةٍ مَسْجِدًا وَطَهُورًا».
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: All pure earth has been made a mosque and a means of purification for me.
Hadith 125
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، قَالَ: ثَنَا الْحَكَمُ عَنْ ذَرٍّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا، أَتَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَجْنَبْتُ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ مَاءً فَقَالَ: لَا تُصَلِّ فَقَالَ عَمَّارٌ: أَمَا تَذْكُرُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ أَنَا وَأَنْتَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ فَأَجْنَبْنَا فَلَمْ نَجِدْ مَاءً فَأَمَّا أَنْتَ فَلَمْ تُصَلِّ وَأَمَّا أَنَا فَتَمَعَّكْتُ فِي التُّرَابِ وَصَلَّيْتُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّمَا يَكْفِيكَ أَنْ تَضْرِبَ بِيَدَيْكَ الْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ تَنْفُخَ ثُمَّ تَمَسَّحَ بِهِمَا وَجْهَكَ وَكَفَّيْكَ» ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: اتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَا عَمَّارُ فَقَالَ: إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ أُحَدِّثْ بِهِ وَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ: وَحدَّثَنِيهِ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبْزَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ حَدِيثِ ذَرٍّ قَالَ: وَثَنِي سَلَمَةُ عَنْ ذَرٍّ فِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ الْحَكَمُ قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: بَلْ نُوَلِّيكَ مَا تَوَلَّيْتَ.
Abdur Rahman bin Abzi (may Allah have mercy on him) says: A man came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: I am in a state of janabah and have not found water. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then do not pray. Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Commander of the Faithful, do you not remember when you and I were in a caravan (on a journey)? We both became junub and did not find water. You did not pray, but I rolled on the ground like an animal and then prayed. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It would have been sufficient for you to strike your hands on the earth, then blow on them, and wipe your face and both hands. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Ammar! Fear Allah! Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: If you wish, I will not narrate this hadith. Hakam (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Abdur Rahman bin Abzi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith to me in the same way, and in the chain of Hakam, these words are also present: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him): You are responsible for the narration you have reported.
Hadith 126
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: ثَنَا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: ثَنَا أَبَانُ الْعَطَّارُ، قَالَ: ثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، عَنْ عَزْرَةَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي التَّيَمُّمِ: «ضَرْبَةٌ لِلْوَجْهِ وَالْكَفَّيْنِ».
Sayyiduna Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said regarding tayammum: One strike is sufficient for the face and hands.
Hadith 127
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: ثَنَا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، قَالَ: ثَنِي اللَّيْثُ قَالَ: ثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ عَنْ عُمَيْرٍ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ يَقُولُ: أَقْبَلَتْ أَنَا وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَسَارٍ مَوْلَى مَيْمُونَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي الْجُهَيْمِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الصِّمَّةِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَقَالَ أَبُو الْجُهَيْمِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ نَحْوِ بِئْرِ جَمَلٍ فَلَقِيَهُ رَجُلٌ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْجِدَارِ فَمَسَحَ بِوَجْهِهِ وَيَدَيْهِ.
Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: I and the slave of Umm al-Mu'mineen Lady Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with her), Abdullah bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him), came to Abu Juhaim bin Harith bin Simmah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him). Abu Juhaim (may Allah be pleased with him) informed us that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was coming from the direction of Bani Jamil. A man greeted him with Salam, but he did not reply until he reached a wall and wiped his face and both hands (i.e., performed tayammum) and then replied.
Hadith 128
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: ثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، قَالَ: ثَنَا أَبِي قَالَ: أَنْبَأَنِي الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، أَنَّ عَطَاءً، حَدَّثَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَجُلًا، أَجْنَبَ فِي شِتَاءٍ فَسَأَلَ فَأُمِرَ بِالْغَسْلِ فَاغْتَسَلَ فَمَاتَ فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «مَا لَهُمْ قَتَلُوهُ قَتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ ثَلَاثًا قَدْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ الصَّعِيدَ أَوْ التَّيَمُّمَ طَهُورًا» ، شَكَّ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ثُمَّ أَثْبَتَهُ بَعْدُ.
Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that a man became junub (in a state requiring ritual bath) during the winter. He asked about the ruling, and he was instructed to perform ghusl (ritual bath). He performed ghusl and died. When this was reported to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: "May Allah destroy them, they killed him" (he said this three times). "Allah has made earth or tayammum a means of purification for you." Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) was doubtful, but later narrated it with certainty.
Hadith 129
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ، قَالَ: ثَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَ: ثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا رَفَعَهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ مَرْضَى أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ} [النساء: ٤٣] قَالَ: «إِذَا كَانَتْ بِالرَّجُلِ الْجِرَاحَةُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَوِ الْقُرُوحُ أَوِ الْجُدَرِيُّ فَيَجْنِبُ فَيَخَافُ إِنِ اغْتَسَلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ فَلْيَتَيَمَّمْ».
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates in explanation of the verse: «وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ مَرْضَى أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ» (If you are ill or on a journey...) in a marfu’ (attributed to the Prophet) narration: If a person is wounded in the path of Allah, or has a boil, abscess, or is afflicted with smallpox, and he becomes junub (in a state requiring ritual bath), and fears death if he performs ghusl (ritual bath), then he should perform tayammum (dry ablution).
