Hadith 775
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : ثنا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ ، قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، قَالَ : أنا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُجَاهِدًا ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، يَقُولُ : " كَانَ الْقِصَاصُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِمُ الدِّيَةُ ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ لِهَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصَاصُ فِي الْقَتْلَى الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ وَالْعَبْدُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَالأُنْثَى بِالأُنْثَى فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ سورة البقرة آية 178 قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا : فَالْعَفْوُ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ الدِّيَةَ فِي الْعَمْدِ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَأَدَاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ سورة البقرة آية 178 ، قَالَ : عَلَى هَذَا أَنْ يَتْبَعَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ، وَعَلَى هَذَا أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ بِإِحْسَانٍ ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ سورة البقرة آية 178 مِمَّا كَانَ كَتَبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ سورة البقرة آية 178 " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that among the Children of Israel, there was only retribution (qisas), not blood money (diyah). Allah Almighty commanded this Ummah (of Muhammad): “O you who believe! Retaliation is prescribed for you in the case of those killed: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But if any remission is made to one by his (aggrieved) brother...” (__QUR_2:178__) (O you who believe! Retaliation has been made obligatory upon you in cases of murder: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the woman for the woman. But if he is pardoned by his brother [the heir of the slain]...) Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: By pardon, it is meant that in the case of intentional murder, blood money (diyah) is accepted. “Then follow up in a reasonable manner, and pay (the blood money) with good conduct.” (__QUR_2:178__) (So follow up in a reasonable manner and pay with good conduct.) It is obligatory for the one receiving the blood money to follow up in a reasonable manner, and it is obligatory for the one paying the blood money to pay it with good conduct. “This is a concession from your Lord.” (__QUR_2:178__) (This is an ease from your Lord) compared to what was made obligatory upon those before you. “But whoever transgresses after that will have a painful punishment.” (__QUR_2:178__) (Whoever transgresses after that, for him there is a painful punishment.)
