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اللؤلؤ والمرجان
Lu'lu' wal-Marjan
كتاب البيوعBook of Sales
باب النهى عن المحاقلة والمزابنة وعن المخابرة وبيع الثمرة قبل بدوّ صلاحها، وعن بيع المعاومة وهو بيع السنينProhibition of muhaqalah, muzabanah, mukhabarah, selling fruit before ripeness, and selling by years
Hadith 992
اُردوEn
992 صحيح حديث جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، نَهى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْمُخَابَرَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَعَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهَا، وَأَنْ لاَ تُبَاعَ إِلاَّ بِالدِّينَارِ وَالدِّرْهَمِ إِلاَّ الْعَرَايَا
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade mukhabarah, muhaqalah, and muzabanah, and likewise forbade selling fruits before they ripen, and that fruits or grain on the tree should only be sold in exchange for dinars or dirhams. However, he permitted ‘ariyah.
Brief Explanation
The contract of muzara’ah refers to when the seed is provided by the cultivator and the worker. One opinion is that such muzara’ah is on a fixed and specified share, such as one-third or one-fourth, etc. Selling standing crops in exchange for dry grain. Another opinion is giving land on rent (lease) in exchange for wheat, which the tenant farmers call muharathah. Another opinion is conducting muzara’ah on a specified and fixed share, such as one-third or one-fourth. A third opinion is selling the grain present in the ears in exchange for dry wheat. A fourth opinion is selling the crop before it ripens.
