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اللؤلؤ والمرجان
Lu'lu' wal-Marjan
كتاب الجنائزBook of Funerals
باب الميت يعذب ببكاء أهله عليهDead Punished for Family’s Wailing
Hadith 536
اُردوEn
536 صحيح حديث عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، وَعُمَرَ، وَعَائِشَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، قَالَ: تُوُفِّيتْ ابْنَةٌ لِعُثْمَانَ رضي الله عَنهُ بِمكَّةَ، وَجِئْنَا لِنَشْهَدَهَا، وَحَضَرَهَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَإِنِّي لَجَالِسٌ بَيْنَهُمَا (أَوْ قَالَ جَلَسْتُ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا ثُمَّ جَاءَ الآخَرُ فَجَلَسَ إِلَى جَنْبِي) فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، لِعَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ: أَلاَ تَنْهَى عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: قَدْ كَانَ عُمَرُ رضي الله عنه يَقُولُ بَعْضَ ذلِك ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ، قَالَ: صَدَرْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ رضي الله عنه مِنْ مَكَّةَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِالْبَيْدَاءِ إِذَا هُوَ بِرَكْبٍ تَحْتَ ظِلِّ سَمُرَةٍ، فَقَالَ: اذْهَبْ فَانْظُرْ مَنْ هؤلاءِ الرَّكْبُ؛ قَالَ فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا صُهَيْبٌ، فَأَخْبَرتُهُ، فَقَالَ: ادْعُهُ لِي، فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى صُهَيْبٍ، فَقُلْتُ: ارْتَحِلْ فَالْحَقْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤمِنِينَ فَلَمَّا أُصِيبَ عُمَرُ دَخَلَ صُهَيْبٌ يَبْكِي يَقُولُ: وَاأَخَاهْ وَاصَاحِبَاهْ؛ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رضي الله عنه: يَا صُهَيْبُ أَتَبْكِي عَلَيَّ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ يُعَذَّبُ بِبَعْضِ بُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَلَمَّا مَاتَ عُمَرُ رضي الله عنه ذَكَرْتُ ذلِكَ لِعَائِشَةَ، فَقَالَتْ: رَحِمَ اللهُ عُمَرَ وَاللهِ مَا حَدَّثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُعَذِّبُ الْمُؤمِنَ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ؛ وَلكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ لَيَزِيدُ الْكَافِرَ عَذَابًا بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَتْ: حَسْبُكُمُ الْقُرْآنُ وَلاَ تَزِرُ وزِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرى قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، عِنْدَ ذلِكَ: وَاللهُ هُوَ أَضْحَكَ وَأَبْكَى قَالَ ابْنُ أُبِي مُلَيْكَةَ: وَاللهِ مَا قَالَ ابنُ عُمَرَ شَيْئًا
Hazrat Abdullah bin Ubaidullah bin Abi Mulaika narrated that one of Sayyiduna Uthman’s (may Allah be pleased with him) daughters (Umm Aban) passed away in Makkah. We also attended her funeral. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) also arrived. I was sitting between these two elders, or he said: I sat near one elder and the other elder came later and sat beside me. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar said to Amr bin Uthman (who was Umm Aban’s brother), “Why don’t you stop the crying? The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said that the deceased is punished because of the crying of his family.” Upon this, Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) also confirmed that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had said the same. Then he began to narrate: I was traveling with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) from Makkah. When we reached Baida, we saw some riders under an acacia tree ahead. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Go and see who these people are.” He said: I went and saw that it was Sayyiduna Suhaib (may Allah be pleased with him). When I informed him, he said, “Call him.” I went back to Sayyiduna Suhaib (may Allah be pleased with him) and said, “Come, the Commander of the Faithful is calling you.” So he came to his service. (Well, that incident passed.) Then, when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was wounded, Suhaib (may Allah be pleased with him) entered weeping and saying, “Oh my brother! Oh my companion!” Upon this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Suhaib, do you weep over me? Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said that the deceased is punished because of the crying of his family?” Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: When Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away, I mentioned this hadith to Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). She said, “May Allah have mercy on Umar! By Allah, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did not say that Allah will punish a believer because of his family’s crying over him. Rather, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said that Allah increases the punishment of a disbeliever because of his family’s crying over him.” Then she said, “This verse of the Qur’an is sufficient for you: ‘No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another’ (Al-An’am 164).” Upon this, Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas recited this verse from Surah Najm at that time (i.e., at Umm Aban’s funeral): “And it is Allah who makes one laugh and makes one weep.” Ibn Abi Mulaika said: By Allah, after hearing this speech of Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas, Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) did not reply at all.
Brief Explanation
Al-Zayn ibn al-Munir states that the silence of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar radi Allahu anhuma does not indicate his agreement. Perhaps he disliked argumentation and debate regarding this matter. Imam Qurtubi states that his silence was not due to doubt that arose after hearing the explicit marfu‘ hadith; rather, it is possible that in his view, the hadith was open to interpretation and, at that time, there was no definite meaning upon which he could resolve the hadith. Or perhaps the gathering was not suitable for debate and discussion, and there was no particular need for it. Imam Khattabi states: When a narration is established, it is not permissible to reject it on the basis of conjecture. Both Sayyiduna Umar and Sayyiduna Ibn Umar radi Allahu anhum have narrated this hadith. As for what Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha has stated, it does not constitute evidence for rejecting this hadith, because both reports are authentic and there is no contradiction between them. (The way to reconcile them is as follows:) Punishment and chastisement for the deceased due to the weeping of others occurs when the deceased had instructed (wasiyyah) for such lamentation during their lifetime, and this is well-known and established from the customs and poetry of the Arabs. For example, the saying of Tarafah ibn al-‘Abd:
"Idha mittu fa an‘ini bima ana ahluhu
wa shuqqi ‘alayya al-jayb ya bint Ma‘bad"
"O daughter of Ma‘bad, when I die, mourn for me as I deserve and tear your collar for me."
And this is how the majority of scholars have interpreted the statement of the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that the deceased may be punished due to the weeping of his family over him.
"Idha mittu fa an‘ini bima ana ahluhu
wa shuqqi ‘alayya al-jayb ya bint Ma‘bad"
"O daughter of Ma‘bad, when I die, mourn for me as I deserve and tear your collar for me."
And this is how the majority of scholars have interpreted the statement of the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that the deceased may be punished due to the weeping of his family over him.
