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اللؤلؤ والمرجان
Lu'lu' wal-Marjan
كتاب التفسيرBook of Tafsir (Quranic Exegesis)
باب التفسيرExegesis
Hadith 1896
اُردوEn
1896 صحيح حديث عَائِشَةَ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّه سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ تَعَالَى (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ) إِلَى (وَرُبَاعَ) فَقَالَتْ: يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي هِيَ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا، تُشَارِكهُ فِي مَالِهِ، فَيُعْجِبُهُ مَالُهَا وَجَمَالُهَا فَيُرِيدُ وَلِيُّهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِغَيْرِ أَنْ يُقْسِطَ فِي صَدَاقِهَا، فَيُعْطِيَهَا مِثْلَ مَا يُعْطِيهَا غَيْرُهُ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهُنَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ، وَيَبْلُغُوا بِهِنَّ أَعْلَى سُنَّتِهِنَّ مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ، وَأُمِرُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَهُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ سِوَاهُنَّقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ اسْتَفْتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، بَعْدَ هذِهِ الآيَةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ (وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ) إِلَى قَوْلِهِ (وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ) وَالَّذِي ذَكَرَ اللهُ أَنَّهُ يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ، الآيَةُ الأُولَى الَّتِي قَالَ فِيهَا (وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ لاَ تُقْسِطُوا في الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ) قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: وَقَوْلُ اللهِ فِي الآيَةِ الأُخْرَى (وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ) يَعْنِي هِيَ رَغْبَةُ أَحَدِكُمْ لِيَتِيمَتِهِ الَّتِي تكُونُ فِي حَجْرِهِ، حِينَ تَكُونُ قَلِيلَةَ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا رَغِبُوا فِي مَالِهَا وَجَمَالِهَا مِنْ يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ، إِلاَّ بِالْقِسْطِ، مِنْ أَجْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ عَنْهُنَّ
Urwah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) asked Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) about the command of Allah Almighty: "If you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans, then marry those women who please you, two, three, or four" (An-Nisa: 3). Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: My nephew, this verse is about that orphan girl who is under the guardianship of her guardian relative, such as a paternal cousin, maternal cousin, or uncle's son, and she shares in the inheritance. If he, being attracted by her wealth and beauty, wishes to marry her but does not give her the full dowry (mahr) justly as she would get elsewhere, then he is forbidden from marrying such orphan girls. However, if their guardians can deal justly with them and give them the best possible treatment regarding the dowry according to their means, then in that case, marriage is permitted. And it is also said to them that apart from these, they may marry any other women they like. Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Then, after the revelation of this verse, people asked about the ruling regarding marrying such girls. So Allah Almighty revealed this verse: "They ask you for a ruling concerning women. Say: Allah gives you a ruling about them, and what is recited to you in the Book concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is prescribed for them, while you desire to marry them, and concerning the weak among children, and that you should deal justly with orphans. Whatever good you do, surely Allah is Ever All-Knowing of it." (An-Nisa: 127) In this verse, where Allah Almighty says, "what is recited to you in the Book," it refers to the previous verse, i.e., "If you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphans, then marry other women who please you." Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: In the second verse, where Allah says, "while you desire to marry them," it means that the orphan girl under your care who has less wealth and beauty, you dislike her, and therefore, for the orphan girl whose wealth and beauty you desire, do not marry her either, except in the case where you give her full dowry justly.
