الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الخلافة والإمارةThe Book of Caliphate and Leadership
الْبَابُ الْأَوَّلُ فِي خِلَافَتِهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَإِشَارَةِ النَّبِي ﷺ إِنِّي ذُلِكَ
The First Chapter Regarding His Caliphate, may Allah be pleased with him, and the Prophet's ﷺ Indication of That
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Hadith 12286
عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ عُبَادٍ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَكَانَ إِذَا شَهِدَ مَشْهَدًا أَوْ أَشْرَفَ عَلَى أَكَمَةٍ أَوْ هَبَطَ وَادِيًا قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ فَقُلْتُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي يَشْكُرَ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَتَّى نَسْأَلَهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْنَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَأَيْنَاكَ إِذَا شَهِدْتَ مَشْهَدًا أَوْ هَبَطْتَ وَادِيًا أَوْ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَى أَكَمَةٍ قُلْتَ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ فَهَلْ عَهِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكَ شَيْئًا فِي ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنَّا وَأَلْحَحْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَهْدًا إِلَّا شَيْئًا عَهِدَهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ وَلَكِنَّ النَّاسَ وَقَعُوا عَلَى عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَتَلُوهُ فَكَانَ غَيْرِي فِيهِ أَسْوَأَ حَالًا وَفِعْلًا مِنِّي ثُمَّ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَنِّي أَحَقُّهُمْ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَوَثَبْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَصَبْنَا أَمْ أَخْطَأْنَا
It is narrated from Qais bin ‘Abad, he says: We were traveling in the company of Sayyiduna ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). Whenever he reached a place, ascended a hill, or descended into a valley, he would say: Subhan Allah, Sadaq Allahu wa Rasuluhu. (Allah is free from all defects, Allah and His Messenger have spoken the truth). I said to a man from Banu Yashkur: Come, let us go to the Commander of the Faithful and ask him about this statement. So we went to him and said: O Commander of the Faithful! We have observed that whenever you reach a place, descend into a valley, or ascend a hill, you say these words: Sadaq Allahu wa Rasuluhu. (Allah and His Messenger have spoken the truth). Has the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) given you any special instruction regarding this? He turned away from us, but when we insisted, he said: By Allah! Whatever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has commanded the general people, he has commanded me the same. But people became involved in tribulation regarding Sayyiduna ‘Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) and martyred him. The condition and actions of others, except me, were very bad. So I saw that compared to others, I was more deserving of this caliphate, so I hastened towards it. Now Allah knows best whether we did right or wrong.
Hadith 12287
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ”أَنْتَ وَلِيِّي فِي كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ بَعْدِي“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): After me, you are the companion and friend of every believer.
Hadith 12288
عَنْ مُطَرِّفِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَرِيَّةً وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ فَأَحْدَثَ شَيْئًا فِي سَفَرِهِ فَتَعَاهَدَ قَالَ عَفَّانُ فَتَعَاقَدَ أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَذْكُرُوا أَمْرَهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ عِمْرَانُ وَكُنَّا إِذَا قَدِمْنَا مِنْ سَفَرٍ بَدَأْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَلَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عَلِيًّا فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ الثَّانِي فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عَلِيًّا فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ الثَّالِثُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عَلِيًّا فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ الرَّابِعُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عَلِيًّا فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ فَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الرَّابِعِ وَقَدْ تَغَيَّرَ وَجْهُهُ فَقَالَ ”دَعُوا عَلِيًّا دَعُوا عَلِيًّا إِنَّ عَلِيًّا مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ بَعْدِي“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent out an army and appointed Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) as their commander. During the journey, something happened with Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) such that four companions firmly resolved together that they would mention this matter of his before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Our practice was that when we returned from a journey, we would first present ourselves before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and greet him. So he says: Those four men came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and one of them stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Ali did such and such. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from him. Then the second man stood up and also said: O Messenger of Allah! Ali did such and such. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also turned away from him. Then the third man stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Ali did such and such. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also turned his face away from him. Meanwhile, the fourth man stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Ali did such and such. Finally, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards the fourth man, and at that time his blessed face had changed, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Leave Ali, leave Ali. Ali is from me and I am from Ali. After me, he is the friend and companion of every believer.
Hadith 12289
وَعَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَحْوَهُ وَفِيهِ ”فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّكُمْ بَعْدِي وَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّكُمْ بَعْدِي“
Sayyiduna Buraidah Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated a similar hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), but in it are these words: Indeed, Ali is from me and I am from him; after me, he is your friend and companion; he is from me and I am from him, and after me, he is the friend of all of you.
Hadith 12290
عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالَ كَانَ لِنَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبْوَابٌ شَارِعَةٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ فَقَالَ يَوْمًا ”سُدُّوا هَذِهِ الْأَبْوَابَ إِلَّا بَابَ عَلِيٍّ“ قَالَ فَتَكَلَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ النَّاسُ قَالَ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ ”أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَمَرْتُ بِسَدِّ هَذِهِ الْأَبْوَابِ إِلَّا بَابَ عَلِيٍّ وَقَالَ فِيهِ قَائِلُكُمْ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا سَدَدْتُ شَيْئًا وَلَا فَتَحْتُهُ وَلَكِنِّي أُمِرْتُ بِشَيْءٍ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Zaid bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) that some of the companions’ house doors opened into the mosque. One day, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: Close all the doors except the door of Ali. People talked about this matter, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) stood up, praised and glorified Allah, and then said: "As for what follows! I have ordered that all these doors be closed except the door of Ali. Some of you who make remarks have made some remarks about this. By Allah! I myself have neither closed nor opened anything; I have only followed the command that I have been given."
