الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الخلافة والإمارةThe Book of Caliphate and Leadership
الفَصْلُ الثَّالِثُ فَتْحُ بَيْتِ الْمُقَدَّسِ وَخُطْبَتِهِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ بِالْجَابِيَّةِ وَعَرْلِهِ خَالِدِ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْإِمَارَةِ سَنَةَ ١٦
The Third Section: The Conquest of Jerusalem, His Famous Sermon at al-Jabiyah, and His Removal of Khalid ibn al-Walid from Leadership in the Year 16
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Hadith 12221
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ بِالْجَابِيَةِ فَقَالَ قَامَ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَ مَقَامِي فِيكُمْ فَقَالَ ”اسْتَوْصُوا بِأَصْحَابِي خَيْرًا ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَفْشُو الْكَذِبُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَبْتَدِئُ بِالشَّهَادَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْأَلَهَا فَمَنْ أَرَادَ مِنْكُمْ بَحْبَحَةَ الْجَنَّةِ فَلْيَلْزَمِ الْجَمَاعَةَ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ مَعَ الْوَاحِدِ وَهُوَ مِنَ الِاثْنَيْنِ أَبْعَدُ لَا يَخْلُوَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ بِامْرَأَةٍ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ ثَالِثُهُمَا وَمَنْ سَرَّتْهُ حَسَنَتُهُ وَسَاءَتْهُ سَيِّئَتُهُ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) delivered a sermon at the place of Jabiyah and said in it: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood among us just as I am standing among you, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I urge you to treat my companions well, and I advise you to show kindness to those who come after them, and then to those who come after them. After these times, lying will become widespread, to the extent that a man will begin to give testimony before he is asked for it. So whoever among you wishes to secure a place in the middle of Paradise, let him remain with the congregation, for the devil is with the solitary person, and he is farther from two people who are together. And none of you should be alone with a woman, for the third among them will be the devil. Also, when a man's good deed pleases him and his bad deed displeases him, then he is a believer.
Hadith 12222
عَنْ نَاشِرَةَ بْنِ سُمَيٍّ الْيَزَنِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ يَقُولُ فِي يَوْمِ الْجَابِيَةِ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ جَعَلَنِي خَازِنًا لِهَذَا الْمَالِ وَقَاسِمَهُ لَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ بَلِ اللَّهُ يَقْسِمُهُ وَأَنَا بَادِئٌ بِأَهْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ أَشْرَفِهِمْ فَفَرَضَ لِأَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشْرَةَ آلَافٍ إِلَّا جُوَيْرِيَةَ وَصَفِيَّةَ وَمَيْمُونَةَ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَعْدِلُ بَيْنَنَا فَعَدَلَ بَيْنَهُنَّ عُمَرُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي بَادِئٌ بِأَصْحَابِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ فَإِنَّا أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا ظُلْمًا وَعُدْوَانًا ثُمَّ أَشْرَفِهِمْ فَفَرَضَ لِأَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسَةَ آلَافٍ وَلِمَنْ كَانَ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ وَلِمَنْ شَهِدَ أُحُدًا ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ قَالَ وَمَنْ أَسْرَعَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ أَسْرَعَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ وَمَنْ أَبْطَأَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ أَبْطَأَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ رَجُلٌ إِلَّا مُنَاخَ رَاحِلَتِهِ وَإِنِّي أَعْتَذِرُ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ إِنِّي أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يَحْبِسَ هَذَا الْمَالَ عَلَى ضَعَفَةِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَأَعْطَى ذَا الْبَأْسِ وَذَا الشَّرَفِ وَذَا اللَّسَانَةِ فَنَزَعْتُهُ وَأَمَّرْتُ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَعْذَرْتَ يَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَقَدْ نَزَعْتَ عَامِلًا اسْتَعْمَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَمَدْتَ سَيْفًا سَلَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَوَضَعْتَ لِوَاءً نَصَبَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَقَدْ قَطَعْتَ الرَّحِمَ وَحَسَدْتَ ابْنَ الْعَمِّ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِنَّكَ قَرِيبُ الْقَرَابَةِ حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ مُغْضَبٌ مِنْ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ
It is narrated from Nashirah bin Sami Yazni, who says: I heard Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) at the place of Jabiyah, addressing the people. He said: Allah Almighty has made me the treasurer and distributor of this wealth. Then he said: In reality, Allah Almighty is the One Who distributes. Now, when I distribute, I begin with the family of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then after them, I give to whoever is most virtuous. Thus, he fixed ten thousand for each of the pure wives except for Sayyidah Juwayriyyah, Sayyidah Safiyyah, and Sayyidah Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with them), but when Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to treat us with justice and equality, so Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gave everyone an equal share. Then he said: Now I will first give to those who are among the earliest emigrants, because these people were wronged and oppressed and were expelled from their homes. After them, I will give to those who are people of virtue and honor. Thus, he fixed five thousand for the Companions of Badr, four thousand for the Ansari Badr Companions, and three thousand for the participants of Uhud. Along with this, he said: Whoever hastened in migration will be given more, and whoever delayed in migration, I will give him a lesser share. Every man should blame the place where his camel sat (i.e., if someone is given a lesser share, it is due to his own delay, he should not blame us). And I present an excuse before you regarding Khalid bin Walid (may Allah be pleased with him)—I had ordered him to distribute this wealth among the weak emigrants, but he distributed this wealth among the healthy, the people of status, and the clever ones. Therefore, I am taking this responsibility from him and handing it over to Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him). Upon hearing this, Abu Umar bin Hafs bin Mughira said: By Allah! O Umar bin Khattab! Your excuse is not acceptable. You have dismissed that official whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed. You have sheathed that sword which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had unsheathed, and you have folded that flag which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had set up, and by doing this, you have severed ties with your cousin and shown envy towards him. Hearing these words, Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You are a close relative of your cousin and young in age, so you are showing partiality towards him.
