الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الخلافة والإمارةThe Book of Caliphate and Leadership
الفَضْلُ الْاَوَّلُ فِي كَيْفِيَّةِ بَيْعَةِ النَّبِي ﷺ
The First Virtue Regarding How the Prophet ﷺ Took the Pledge of Allegiance
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Hadith 12133
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُبَايِعُ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ ”فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتَ“ وَقَالَ مَرَّةً فَيُلَقِّنُ أَحَدَنَا فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to take the pledge from people that they would listen to the ruler and obey him. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) himself would say: As much as you have strength and ability. One narrator said: Thus, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would prompt us and remind us that as much as you have strength (you will obey the ruler accordingly).
Hadith 12134
وَعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فَقَالَ ”فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, he says: We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that we would listen to the ruler and obey him. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: But according to your ability.
Hadith 12135
(عَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ أَخَرَ بِلَفْظِ) قَالَ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِيَدِي هَذِهِ يَعْنِي الْيُمْنَى عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فَقَالَ ”فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتَ“
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with this right hand of mine that I would listen to the ruler and obey him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: But according to one's ability.
Hadith 12136
عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي عُسْرِنَا وَيُسْرِنَا وَمَنْشَطِنَا وَمَكْرَهِنَا وَالْأَثَرَةِ عَلَيْنَا وَأَنْ لَا نُنَازِعَ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ وَنَقُومَ بِالْحَقِّ حَيْثُ كَانَ وَلَا نَخَافَ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that we would listen and obey the ruler in hardship and ease, in vigor and laziness, and even when others are given preference over us, and that we would not dispute with the people of authority regarding their authority, and that we would stand for the truth wherever it may be, and we would not fear the blame of any blamer for the sake of Allah Almighty.
Hadith 12137
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ يَحْيَى عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ جَدِّهِ وَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ مَرَّةً عَنْ جَدِّهِ عُبَادَةَ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ وَعُبَادَةُ نَقِيبٌ وَهُوَ مِنَ السَّبْعَةِ بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَالْمَنْشَطِ وَالْمَكْرَهِ وَلَا نُنَازِعُ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ وَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ إِنَّ لَكَ) نَقُولُ بِالْحَقِّ حَيْثُمَا كُنَّا لَا نَخَافُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ زَادَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ مَا لَمْ تَرَوْا كُفْرًا بَوَاحًا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), who was one of the seven chiefs, that he said: We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the condition that we would listen to and obey the ruler in hardship and ease, in pleasure and displeasure, and that we would not dispute with those in authority regarding their rule, and that wherever we may be, we would speak the truth, and we would not fear the blame of any blamer for the sake of Allah. Sufyan, the narrator, said: Some people have narrated these additional words in this hadith: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (Obey the ruler) as long as you do not see clear disbelief.
Hadith 12138
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَنَا خَالِدٌ الْحَذَّاءُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ قَالَ خَالِدٌ أَحْسِبُهُ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي أَسْمَاءَ قَالَ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ أَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَمَا أَخَذَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ سِتًّا ”أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا تَسْرِقُوا وَلَا تَزْنُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ وَلَا يَعْضِدْ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا وَلَا تَعْصُونِي فِي مَعْرُوفٍ فَمَنْ أَصَابَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْهُنَّ حَدًّا فَعُجِّلَ لَهُ عُقُوبَتُهُ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَتُهُ وَإِنْ أُخِّرَ عَنْهُ فَأَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ رَحِمَهُ“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took the pledge of allegiance from women on six matters, in the same way, he took the pledge from us on these matters: that you will not associate anyone with Allah, you will not steal, you will not commit adultery, you will not kill your children, you will not sever ties with one another, and you will not disobey me in any good deed. Whoever among you commits such an act for which a prescribed punishment is due, if he is punished for that crime in this world, then that punishment will be an expiation for him; and if the punishment is deferred until the Hereafter, then Allah Almighty may punish him or forgive him, as He wills.
Hadith 12139
عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ ”أَلَا إِنَّمَا هُنَّ أَرْبَعٌ أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا تَزْنُوا وَلَا تَسْرِقُوا“ قَالَ فَمَا أَنَا بِأَشَحَّ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنِّي إِذْ سَمِعْتُهُنَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Salamah bin Qais Ashjami, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said during the Farewell Pilgrimage: Beware! There are four matters: Do not associate anyone with Allah, do not unjustly kill a soul whose killing Allah has forbidden, do not commit adultery, and do not steal. Sayyiduna Salamah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: Since I heard these things from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, I have had no desire or greed for them at all.
Hadith 12140
عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ قَالَ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا أَخِرَّ إِلَّا قَائِمًا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that I would not fall, except while standing.
Hadith 12141
عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي سَدُوسٍ عَنْ قُطْبَةَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ بَايَعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى ابْنَتِي الْحَوْصَلَةِ وَكَانَ يُكَنَّى بِأَبِي الْحَوْصَلَةِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Qutbah bin Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I pledged allegiance to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on behalf of his daughter Hawslah. His kunyah was Abu Hawslah.
Hadith 12142
حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنٌ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ جَابِرًا عَنْ شَأْنِ ثَقِيفٍ إِذْ بَايَعَتْ فَقَالَ اشْتَرَطَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ لَا صَدَقَةَ عَلَيْهَا وَلَا جِهَادَ وَأَخْبَرَنِي جَابِرٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ”سَيَصَّدَّقُونَ وَيُجَاهِدُونَ إِذَا أَسْلَمُوا“ يَعْنِي ثَقِيفًا
Abu Zubair says: I asked Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) about Banu Thaqif, when did they pledge allegiance? He said: Banu Thaqif made a condition with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that there would be neither charity (sadaqah) nor jihad upon them. Then Abu Zubair said that Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) informed them that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had said about them: When they become true Muslims, soon they will also give charity and perform jihad.
Hadith 12143
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ جَاءَ عَبْدٌ فَبَايَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ وَلَمْ يَشْعُرْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ عَبْدٌ فَجَاءَ سَيِّدُهُ يُرِيدُهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ”بِعْنِيهِ“ فَاشْتَرَاهُ بِعَبْدَيْنِ أَسْوَدَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ أَحَدًا بَعْدُ حَتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ ”أَعَبْدٌ هُوَ“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a slave came and pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) upon his migration. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not realize that he was a slave. Meanwhile, his master came to take him back. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him, "Sell this slave to me." Thus, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) bought him in exchange for two black slaves. After that, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would not take allegiance from anyone until he asked whether the person was a slave.
