الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
Chapter
بَابُ الحادِيَةَ عَشَرَةَ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَمْ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ حَىُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَاْ
Chapter on the Eleventh of the Prophet’s ﷺ Wives, Umm al-Mu’minin Safiyyah bint Huyayy (may Allah be pleased with her)
Hadith 11459
حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا ثَابِتٌ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ رَدِيفَ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَقَدَمِي تَمَسُّ قَدَمَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فَأَتَيْنَاهُمْ حِينَ بَزَغَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَقَدْ أَخْرَجُوا مَوَاشِيَهُمْ وَخَرَجُوا بِفُؤُوسِهِمْ وَمَكَاتِلِهِمْ وَمُرُونِهِمْ فَقَالُوا مُحَمَّدٌ وَالْخَمِيسُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ”اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ خَرِبَتْ خَيْبَرُ إِنَّا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا بِسَاحَةِ قَوْمٍ فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ“ قَالَ فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ وَوَقَعَتْ فِي سَهْمِ دِحْيَةَ جَارِيَةٌ جَمِيلَةٌ فَاشْتَرَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِسَبْعَةِ أَرْؤُسٍ ثُمَّ دَفَعَهَا إِلَى أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ تُصْلِحُهَا وَتُهَيِّئُهَا وَهِيَ صَفِيَّةُ ابْنَةُ حُيَيٍّ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلِيمَتَهَا التَّمْرَ وَالْأَقِطَ وَالسَّمْنَ قَالَ فُحِصَتِ الْأَرْضُ أَفَاحِيصَ قَالَ وَجِيءَ بِالْأَنْطَاعِ فَوُضِعَتْ فِيهَا ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِالْأَقِطِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالسَّمْنِ فَشَبِعَ النَّاسُ قَالَ وَقَالَ النَّاسُ مَا نَدْرِي أَتَزَوَّجَهَا أَمِ اتَّخَذَهَا أُمَّ وَلَدٍ فَقَالُوا إِنْ يَحْجُبْهَا فَهِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَحْجُبْهَا فَهِيَ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْكَبَ حَجَبَهَا حَتَّى قَعَدَتْ عَلَى عَجُزِ الْبَعِيرِ فَعَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ دَفَعَ وَدَفَعْنَا قَالَ فَعَثَرَتِ النَّاقَةُ الْعَضْبَاءُ قَالَ فَنَدَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَدَرَتْ قَالَ فَقَامَ فَسَتَرَهَا قَالَ وَقَدْ أَشْرَفَتِ النِّسَاءُ فَقُلْنَ أَبْعَدَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودِيَّةَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ أَوَقَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِي وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ وَقَعَ وَشَهِدْتُ وَلِيمَةَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ فَأَشْبَعَ النَّاسَ خُبْزًا وَلَحْمًا وَكَانَ يَبْعَثُنِي فَأَدْعُو النَّاسَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَامَ وَتَبِعْتُهُ وَتَخَلَّفَ رَجُلَانِ اسْتَأْنَسَ بِهِمَا الْحَدِيثُ لَمْ يَخْرُجَا فَجَعَلَ يَمُرُّ بِنِسَائِهِ وَيُسَلِّمُ عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ ”سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتُمْ“ فَيَقُولُونَ بِخَيْرٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ أَهْلَكَ فَيَقُولُ ”بِخَيْرٍ“ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ وَرَجَعْتُ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْبَابَ إِذَا هُوَ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ قَدِ اسْتَأْنَسَ بِهِمَا الْحَدِيثُ فَلَمَّا رَأَيَاهُ قَدْ رَجَعَ قَامَا فَخَرَجَا قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي أَنَا أَخْبَرْتُهُ أَوْ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْوَحْيُ بِأَنَّهُمَا قَدْ خَرَجَا فَرَجَعَ وَرَجَعْتُ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا وَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ فِي أُسْكُفَّةِ الْبَابِ أَرْخَى الْحِجَابَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ الْحِجَابَ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ {لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ} [الأحزاب: 53] حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْهَا
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that on the day of Khaybar, I was riding behind Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) and my foot was touching the foot of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). When we reached there, the sun had already risen. The people were driving their animals out and had set out with their axes, baskets, and ropes, meaning they were completely unaware and had gone about their work as usual. Suddenly, they were astonished and began to say, "This is Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his army!" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allahu Akbar! Now there is no good for Khaybar. When we descend upon the territory of a people, the morning of those who have been warned is a terrible one." Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Allah Almighty defeated those Jews, and a beautiful slave girl came into the share of Dihyah Kalbi (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) bought her from him for seven slaves and entrusted her to Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) so that she could prepare her. She was Safiyyah, the daughter of Huyayy. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) offered dates, cheese, and ghee at their wedding feast. Small pits were dug in the ground, cloths were spread over them, and then cheese, dates, and ghee were placed on them. The people ate to their fill. People began to whisper among themselves whether he had married her or given her the status of an Umm Walad (concubine). Then the people said: If the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has made her observe the veil, then she is his wife, and if he has not, then she is a slave girl. When he intended to depart, he made her observe the veil until she mounted the camel. The people knew that he had married her and given her the status of a wife. When the people neared Madinah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sped up, and we also began to walk quickly. Because of the fast pace, the foot of the Prophet’s she-camel, Adhba’, stumbled, and it fell, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) also fell. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) got up and covered her. Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The women came and said, "May Allah destroy this Jewish woman (because of whom you fell)!" I, that is, Thabit, asked Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him): O Abu Hamzah! Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fall? He said: Yes, yes, by Allah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fell. And I participated in the wedding feast of Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyidah Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fed the people meat and bread to their fill. He would send me, and I would bring people. When he finished feeding the people, he got up and left, and I followed behind him. Two men remained sitting, talking, and did not get up. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began to visit his wives and would greet each one with these words: "Peace be upon you, O people of the house! How are you?" They would say: "O Messenger of Allah! We are well, and how did you find your family?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would also say: "I found them in good condition." When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned, I also returned with him. When you reached the door, you saw those two men; they were still talking. When they saw that you had gone and returned, they got up and left. Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: By Allah, I do not remember whether I informed you or revelation came to you that those two had left. You returned, and I also returned with you. When you placed your foot on the threshold of the door, you hung a curtain between yourself and me. And Allah revealed these verses regarding the veil: {لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُیُوتَ النَّبِیِّ إِلَّا أَنْ یُؤْذَنَ لَکُمْ إِلٰی طَعَامٍ غَیْرَ نَاظِرِینَ إِنَاہُ} … Do not enter the houses of the Prophet without permission, unless you are invited for a meal, and do not wait for its preparation. (Surah Al-Ahzab: 53)
Hadith 11460
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَيْضًا بِنَحْوِهِ) وَفِيهِ فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ أَوْضَعَ النَّاسُ وَأَوْضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَذَلِكَ كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ فَعَثَرَتِ النَّاقَةُ فَخَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَخَرَّتْ مَعَهُ وَأَزْوَاجُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْظُرْنَ فَقُلْنَ أَبْعَدَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودِيَّةَ وَفَعَلَ بِهَا وَفَعَلَ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَتَرَهَا وَأَرْدَفَهَا خَلْفَهُ
(Second chain) The narration from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) is similar, except that it contains this addition: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) approached near Madinah Munawwarah, the people and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began to race their mounts. They continued doing so until the camel of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fell, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and with him, the Mother of the Believers, Lady Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), also fell. The rest of the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) were watching this scene. They said: May Allah destroy this Jewish woman. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) got up, covered her, and seated her behind him again.
Hadith 11461
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَالِثٍ) حَدَّثَنَا بَهْزٌ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ صَارَتْ صَفِيَّةُ لِدِحْيَةَ فِي قَسْمِهِ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ حَتَّى إِذَا جَعَلَهَا فِي ظَهْرِهِ نَزَلَ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهَا الْقُبَّةَ
(Third Chain) Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that in the distribution of war booty, Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) came into the share of Sayyiduna Dihyah Kalbi (may Allah be pleased with him). What follows is similar to the previous hadith. However, in this narration, it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) seated Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) behind him on a camel, then dismounted and made a canopy over her.
Hadith 11462
عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ أَقْبَلْنَا مِنْ خَيْبَرَ أَنَا وَأَبُو طَلْحَةَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصَفِيَّةُ رَدِيفَتُهُ قَالَ فَعَثَرَتْ نَاقَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصُرِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصُرِعَتْ صَفِيَّةُ قَالَ فَاقْتَحَمَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ أَضُرِرْتَ قَالَ أَشُكُّ قَالَ ذَاكَ أَمْ لَا قَالَ ”لَا عَلَيْكَ الْمَرْأَةَ“ قَالَ فَأَلْقَى أَبُو طَلْحَةَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ الثَّوْبَ فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَيْهَا فَمَدَّ ثَوْبَهُ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ أَصْلَحَ لَهَا رَحْلَهَا فَرَكِبْنَا ثُمَّ اكْتَنَفْنَاهُ أَحَدُنَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَالْآخَرُ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفْنَا عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَوْ كُنَّا بِظَهْرِ الْحَرَّةِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ”آيِبُونَ عَابِدُونَ تَائِبُونَ لِرَبِّنَا حَامِدُونَ“ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَقُولُهُنَّ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I, Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) were returning from Khaybar, and Lady Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) was sitting behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the mount. The camel of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) slipped, and both the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Lady Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) fell down. Sayyiduna Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) quickly rushed forward and said: O Messenger of Allah! May Allah sacrifice me for you. Regarding this sentence, Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says that I am doubtful about this sentence, whether Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) actually said it or not. Then he said: Did you get hurt? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: No, take care of this woman, meaning Lady Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her). So Sayyiduna Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) covered his face with a cloth and went to her, spreading his cloth over her, then he adjusted her saddle. Then we mounted and set off. After that, both of us were on your right and left. When we reached near Madinah Munawwarah or near Harrah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began to recite this supplication: "Aayiboon, 'aabidoon, taa'iboon, li rabbina haamidoon." (We are returning, worshipping Allah, repenting, and praising our Lord.) He kept repeating these words until we entered Madinah Munawwarah.
Hadith 11463
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْتَقَ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتَ حُيَيٍّ وَجَعَلَ عِتْقَهَا صَدَاقَهَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) freed Sayyida Safiyyah bint Huyayy and made her freedom itself her dowry.
