الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
Chapter
فَمِنْهُمْ فَاطِمَةُ الزَّهْرَاءُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَاْ
Among Them Is Fatimah al-Zahra (may Allah be pleased with her)
Hadith 11369
عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ أَقْبَلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا تَمْشِي كَأَنَّ مَشْيَتَهَا مَشْيَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ ”مَرْحَبًا بِابْنَتِي“ ثُمَّ أَجْلَسَهَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَوْ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَسَرَّ إِلَيْهَا حَدِيثًا فَبَكَتْ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا اسْتَخَصَّكِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِحَدِيثِهِ ثُمَّ تَبْكِينَ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَسَرَّ إِلَيْهَا حَدِيثًا فَضَحِكَتْ فَقُلْتُ مَا رَأَيْتُ كَالْيَوْمِ فَرَحًا أَقْرَبَ مِنْ حُزْنٍ فَسَأَلْتُهَا عَمَّا قَالَ فَقَالَتْ مَا كُنْتُ لِأُفْشِيَ سِرَّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى إِذَا قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلْتُهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنَّهُ أَسَرَّ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ ”إِنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَانَ يُعَارِضُنِي بِالْقُرْآنِ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ مَرَّةً وَإِنَّهُ عَارَضَنِي بِهِ الْعَامَ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَلَا أَرَاهُ إِلَّا قَدْ حَضَرَ أَجَلِي وَإِنَّكِ أَوَّلُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي لُحُوقًا بِي وَنِعْمَ السَّلَفُ أَنَا لَكِ“ فَبَكَيْتُ لِذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ”أَلَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَنْ تَكُونِي سَيِّدَةَ نِسَاءِ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ أَوْ نِسَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟“ قَالَتْ فَضَحِكْتُ لِذَلِكَ
Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) came walking in such a manner as if her gait was exactly like that of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Welcome, my beloved daughter. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) seated her either on his right or left side and spoke to her privately, upon which she began to weep. (Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says:) I said to her, "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) spoke to you especially and yet you began to weep?" After that, he (peace and blessings be upon him) again spoke to her privately, and this time she smiled. I said, "I have never seen grief and happiness combined so closely as today." I asked her what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had said to her. Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) replied, "I will not disclose the secret of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." Then, when the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, I asked her again about it, and this time she said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) confided in me, saying: Jibreel (peace be upon him) used to review the Qur'an with me once every year, but this year he reviewed it with me twice. I think that the time of my death is near, and among my family, you will be the first to join me. I am the best predecessor for you. Upon hearing this, I began to weep. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Are you not pleased that you will be the leader of the women of this Ummah or of the believing women in the Hereafter? Upon hearing this, I smiled.
Hadith 11370
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ أَشْبَهَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ وَفَاطِمَةَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that among the people, there was no one who resembled the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) more than Sayyiduna Hasan bin Ali and Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her).
Hadith 11371
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ذَكَرَ ابْنَةَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ ”إِنَّمَا فَاطِمَةُ بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي يُؤْذِينِي مَا آذَاهَا وَيُنْصِبُنِي مَا أَنْصَبَهَا“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) discussed marriage with the daughter of Abu Jahl. When this news reached the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fatimah is a piece of my heart; whatever causes her pain, causes me pain as well, and whatever grieves her, grieves me too."
Hadith 11372
عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ أَنَّ الْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ خَطَبَ ابْنَةَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعِنْدَهُ فَاطِمَةُ ابْنَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتْ بِذَلِكَ فَاطِمَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ إِنَّ قَوْمَكَ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ أَنَّكَ لَا تَغْضَبُ لِبَنَاتِكَ وَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ نَاكِحٌ ابْنَةَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ قَالَ الْمِسْوَرُ فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ حِينَ تَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ”أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَنْكَحْتُ أَبَا الْعَاصِ بْنَ الرَّبِيعِ فَحَدَّثَنِي فَصَدَقَنِي وَإِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي وَأَنَا أَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَفْتِنُوهَا وَإِنَّهَا وَاللَّهِ لَا تَجْتَمِعُ ابْنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَابْنَةُ عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ أَبَدًا“ قَالَ فَتَرَكَ عَلِيٌّ الْخِطْبَةَ
It is narrated from Ali bin Hussain bin Ali bin Abi Talib that Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhrama (may Allah be pleased with him) informed him that Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) sent a marriage proposal to the daughter of Abu Jahl, while the daughter of the Noble Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her), was already in his wedlock. When Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) heard about this, she came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, "Your people will talk that you do not get angry with anyone regarding your daughters. Now see, Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) is making preparations to marry the daughter of Abu Jahl." Upon hearing this, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up, recited the sermon of testimony, and then said: "I married one of my daughters to Abu Al-As bin Rabi' (may Allah be pleased with him), and he fulfilled the promise he made to me. Indeed, Fatima bint Muhammad is a part of me; I do not like that people should distress and grieve her. By Allah! The daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the daughter of the enemy of Allah can never be united in the wedlock of one man." Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) abandoned his plan.
Hadith 11373
عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُمْ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ مِنْ عِنْدِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ مَقْتَلَ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ لَقِيَهُ الْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ فَقَالَ هَلْ لَكَ إِلَيَّ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ تَأْمُرُنِي بِهَا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَا قَالَ هَلْ أَنْتَ مُعْطِيَّ سَيْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَغْلِبَكَ الْقَوْمُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَيْمُ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ أَعْطَيْتَنِيهِ لَا يُخْلَصُ إِلَيْهِ أَبَدًا حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ نَفْسِي إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ خَطَبَ ابْنَةَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ هَذَا وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ مُحْتَلِمٌ فَقَالَ ”إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي وَأَنَا أَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ تُفْتَنَ فِي دِينِهَا“ قَالَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ صِهْرًا لَهُ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ فَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ فِي مُصَاهَرَتِهِ إِيَّاهُ فَأَحْسَنَ قَالَ ”حَدَّثَنِي فَصَدَقَنِي وَوَعَدَنِي فَوَفَى لِي وَإِنِّي لَسْتُ أُحَرِّمُ حَلَالًا وَلَا أُحِلُّ حَرَامًا وَلَكِنْ وَاللَّهِ لَا تَجْتَمِعُ ابْنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَابْنَةُ عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ مَكَانًا وَاحِدًا أَبَدًا“
Ali bin Husain narrated that when these people returned to Madinah Munawwarah from Yazid bin Muawiyah after the martyrdom of Husain (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah came and met them and said: If there is any service I can do for you, let me know. I said to him: No, there is none. Miswar said: Can you grant me the sword of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? I fear that people will overpower you regarding this sword. By Allah! If you grant me that sword, as long as I am alive, I will not let anyone else have it until they finish me off. Indeed, Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) had sent a marriage proposal to the daughter of Abu Jahl during the lifetime of Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). On that occasion, I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) standing on his pulpit delivering a sermon to the people, and at that time I had reached maturity. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Fatimah is a part of me, and I fear that she will be put into difficulties regarding her religion. After that, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned his son-in-law (Abu al-As, may Allah be pleased with him), who was related to Banu Abd Shams, and praised him greatly. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He fulfilled the promise he made to me. Yes, yes, I do not make the lawful unlawful or the unlawful lawful, but by Allah! The daughter of the Messenger of Allah and the daughter of the enemy of Allah can never be together (i.e., in the wedlock of one man) at the same time.
Hadith 11374
عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَقُولُ ”إِنَّ بَنِي هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ اسْتَأْذَنُونِي فِي أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا ابْنَتَهُمْ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَلَا آذَنُ لَهُمْ“ ثُمَّ قَالَ ”لَا آذَنُ فَإِنَّمَا ابْنَتِي بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي يُرِيبُنِي مَا أَرَابَهَا وَيُؤْذِينِي مَا آذَاهَا“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhrama (may Allah be pleased with him) that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying on the pulpit: Banu Hashim bin Mughira have sought my permission to marry their daughter to Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), but I do not give them this permission. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) then said: I do not give them this permission. My daughter is a part of my flesh; whatever distresses her, distresses me as well, and whatever hurts her, hurts me too.
Hadith 11375
عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ حَسَنُ بْنُ حَسَنٍ يَخْطُبُ ابْنَتَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ قُلْ لَهُ فَلْيَأْتِنِي فِي الْعَتَمَةِ قَالَ فَلَقِيَهُ فَحَمِدَ الْمِسْوَرُ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ وَاللَّهِ مَا مِنْ نَسَبٍ وَلَا سَبَبٍ وَلَا صِهْرٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ سَبَبِكُمْ وَصِهْرِكُمْ وَلَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ”فَاطِمَةُ مُضْغَةٌ مِنِّي يَقْبِضُنِي مَا قَبَضَهَا وَيَبْسُطُنِي مَا بَسَطَهَا وَإِنَّ الْأَنْسَابَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَنْقَطِعُ غَيْرَ نَسَبِي وَسَبَبِي وَصِهْرِي“ وَعِنْدَكَ ابْنَتُهَا وَلَوْ زَوَّجْتُكَ لَقَبَضَهَا ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ عَاذِرًا لَهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhrama (may Allah be pleased with him) that Hasan bin Hasan asked him for the hand of his daughter in marriage. In response, he sent this message: "Hasan bin Hasan, meet me yourself tonight." When they met, Sayyiduna Miswar (may Allah be pleased with him) first praised and glorified Allah, and then said: "By Allah! There is nothing dearer to me than your kinship and becoming my son-in-law, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) is a piece of my heart; whatever grieves her grieves me, and whatever pleases her pleases me. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: All relationships, kinships, and ties of marriage except my relationship, kinship, and ties of marriage will be severed on the Day of Resurrection. You already have a daughter of hers (i.e., Sayyida Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her) in your marriage. If I marry my daughter to you, it will hurt her heart." Thus, he excused himself to them regarding this matter, and they left understanding his excuse.
Hadith 11376
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ”الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ سَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَفَاطِمَةُ سَيِّدَةُ نِسَائِهِمْ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ لِمَرْيَمَ بِنْتِ عِمْرَانَ“
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: Hasan and Husayn (may Allah be pleased with them both) will be the leaders of the youth of Paradise, and Fatimah will be the leader of the women of Paradise, except for Maryam bint 'Imran.
