الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
Fasting
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي خُلُقِهِ الْعَظِيمِ عَلَيْهِ أَفْضَلُ الصَّلَاةِ وأتم التَّسْلِيمِ
Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding His Great Character, Upon Him the Best and Most Complete Salutations
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Hadith 11171
عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْبِرِينِي بِخُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ كَانَ خُلُقُهُ الْقُرْآنَ أَمَا تَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَى خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ} [القلم: 4] قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَبَتَّلَ قَالَتْ لَا تَفْعَلْ أَمَا تَقْرَأُ {لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ} [الأحزاب: 21] فَقَدْ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ وُلِدَ لَهُ
It is narrated from Sa’d bin Hisham, he says: I presented myself before Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: O Umm al-Mu’minin! Inform me about the character of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). She said: The Qur’an was the character of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), do you not read the Qur’an? Allah Almighty has said: {وَإِنَّکَ لَعَلٰی خُلُقٍ عَظِیمٍ} … Indeed, you (O Prophet) are of a great moral character. (Surah Al-Qalam: 4) I said: I want to adopt a life of abstinence. She said: Do not do so, do you not read in the Qur’an: {لَقَدْ کَانَ لَکُمْ فِی رَسُولِ اللّٰہِ أُسْوَۃٌ حَسَنَۃٌ} … (Indeed, in the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) you have an excellent example. (Surah Al-Ahzab: 21) The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married and he also had children.
Hadith 11172
عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي سُوَاءَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ أَمَا تَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ {إِنَّكَ لَعَلَى خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ} [القلم: 4] قَالَ قُلْتُ حَدِّثِينِي عَنْ ذَاكَ قَالَتْ صَنَعْتُ لَهُ طَعَامًا وَصَنَعَتْ لَهُ حَفْصَةُ طَعَامًا فَقُلْتُ لِجَارِيَتِي اذْهَبِي فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ هِيَ بِالطَّعَامِ فَوَضَعَتْهُ قَبْلُ فَاطْرَحِي الطَّعَامَ قَالَتْ فَجَاءَتْ بِالطَّعَامِ قَالَتْ فَأَلْقَتْهُ الْجَارِيَةُ فَوَقَعَتِ الْقَصْعَةُ فَانْكَسَرَتْ وَكَانَ نِطْعًا قَالَتْ فَجَمَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ اقْتَصُّوا (أَوْ اقْتَصِّي شَكَّ أَسْوَدُ) ظَرْفًا مَكَانَ ظَرْفِكِ فَمَا قَالَ شَيْئًا
It is narrated from a member of the Banu Sawa’ah, who says: I asked Sayyida Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) about the character of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). She said: Do you not read the Qur’an? Allah Almighty says: {وَإِنَّکَ لَعَلٰی خُلُقٍ عَظِیمٍ} … Indeed, you (O Prophet) are of a great moral character. (Surah Al-Qalam: 4) He says: I requested her to explain this in some detail. She said: I prepared a meal for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) also prepared a meal for him. I told my servant: Go, and if she brings the food and places it before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) before I do, then throw the food away. Sayyida (may Allah be pleased with her) says: When she brought the food, the servant threw it away, the bowl fell and broke, and a leather mat was spread as a tablecloth. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gathered the scattered food from the tablecloth and said: Give another bowl in exchange for this one. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not say anything further.
Hadith 11173
عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْنَا (وَفِي لَفْظٍ يُخَالِطُنَا) وَكَانَ لِي أَخٌ صَغِيرٌ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُضَاحِكُهُ) وَكَانَ لَهُ نُغَيْرٌ يَلْعَبُ بِهِ فَمَاتَ نُغَرُهُ الَّذِي كَانَ يَلْعَبُ بِهِ فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَرَآهُ حَزِينًا فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا شَأْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ حَزِينًا فَقَالُوا مَاتَ نُغَرُهُ الَّذِي كَانَ يَلْعَبُ بِهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ أَبَا عُمَيْرٍ مَا فَعَلَ النُّغَيْرُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to come to us and mingle with us. I had a little brother, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to joke with him and make him laugh. He had kept a small bird and used to play with it. The bird died. One day, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came and saw him sad and said: "What happened to Abu Umair, why is he sad?" The family told him, "O Messenger of Allah! The bird he used to play with has died." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Umair! What did the bird do?"
Hadith 11174
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنْ أَبِي التَّيَّاحِ قَالَ قَالَ أَنَسٌ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحْسَنَ النَّاسِ خُلُقًا وَكَانَ لِي أَخٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ أَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ فَطِيمًا فَقَالَ وَكَانَ إِذَا جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَآهُ قَالَ أَبَا عُمَيْرٍ مَا فَعَلَ النُّغَيْرُ قَالَ نُغَرٌ كَانَ يَلْعَبُ بِهِ قَالَ فَرُبَّمَا تَحْضُرُهُ الصَّلَاةُ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِنَا فَيَأْمُرُ بِالْبِسَاطِ الَّذِي تَحْتَهُ فَيُكْنَسُ ثُمَّ يُنْضَحُ بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ يَقُومُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَقُومُ خَلْفَهُ فَيُصَلِّي بِنَا قَالَ وَكَانَ بِسَاطُهُمْ مِنْ جَرِيدِ النَّخْلِ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Abu Tiyaah, he says: Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had the best character of all people. I had a brother who was called Abu Umair. Abu Tiyaah says: I think Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) also mentioned that he had just been weaned. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to come to him and, seeing him, would say: "O Abu Umair! Where is the bulbul (nightingale)?" Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) explained that the bulbul was a bird with which he used to play. Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that sometimes it would happen that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would be in our house and the time for prayer would come, so the mat that was under the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he would order that it be cleaned and sprinkled with water, then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would stand for prayer and we would also stand behind him and perform prayer following him. That mat was made of palm leaves.
Hadith 11175
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَمْشِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَلَيْهِ بُرْدٌ نَجْرَانِيٌّ غَلِيظُ الْحَاشِيَةِ فَأَدْرَكَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَجَبَذَهُ جَبْذَةً حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ صَفْحَ أَوْ صَفْحَةَ عُنُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَثَّرَتْ بِهَا حَاشِيَةُ الْبُرْدِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ جَبْذَتِهِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَعْطِنِي مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي عِنْدَكَ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ فَضَحِكَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ لَهُ بِعَطَاءٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was walking with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was wearing a Najrani cloak with a thick border. A Bedouin met the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he grabbed the cloak of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and pulled it so hard that the marks of the cloak became visible on the neck of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). That Bedouin said: O Muhammad! Give me from the wealth of Allah that is with you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) looked towards him and smiled, and ordered that something be given to him.
Hadith 11176
عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ أَنَّهُ بَيْنَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَعَهُ النَّاسُ مُقْبِلًا مِنْ حُنَيْنٍ عَلِقَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْأَعْرَابُ يَسْأَلُونَهُ حَتَّى اضْطَرُّوهُ إِلَى سَمُرَةٍ فَخَطِفَتْ رِدَاءَهُ فَوَقَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَعْطُونِي رِدَائِي فَلَوْ كَانَ عَدَدُ هَذِهِ الْعِضَاهِ نَعَمًا لَقَسَمْتُهُ ثُمَّ لَا تَجِدُونِي بَخِيلًا وَلَا كَذَّابًا وَلَا جَبَانًا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jubair bin Mut’im (may Allah be pleased with him) that once he was walking with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and this incident took place on the return from Hunain. There were some other people with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as well. During this time, some Bedouins clung to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and began to ask him for wealth, and they pulled him forcefully towards a thorny tree (of acacia or babool). The cloak of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fell off. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stopped and said: “Give me my cloak. If I had animals equal to the number of these thorns, I would distribute them among you, then you would not find me miserly, a liar, or a coward.”
Hadith 11177
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا قَدِمَ مِنْ سَفَرٍ تُلُقِّيَ بِالصِّبْيَانِ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ قَالَ وَإِنَّهُ قَدِمَ مَرَّةً مِنْ سَفَرٍ قَالَ فَسُبِقَ بِي إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَحَمَلَنِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِأَحَدِ ابْنَيْ فَاطِمَةَ إِمَّا حَسَنٍ وَإِمَّا حُسَيْنٍ فَأَرْدَفَهُ خَلْفَهُ قَالَ فَدَخَلْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ ثَلَاثَةً عَلَى دَابَّةٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would return from a journey, the children of his family would be brought to meet him. Once, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from a journey, I was the first to be taken to him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) seated me in front of him on his mount. Then, one of the sons of Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), either Sayyiduna Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him) or Sayyiduna Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him), was brought, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) seated him behind himself. Thus, the three of us entered Madinah riding on one mount.
Hadith 11178
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ لِابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ أَتَذْكُرُ إِذْ تَلَقَّيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَا وَأَنْتَ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَحَمَلَنَا وَتَرَكَكَ وَقَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ مَرَّةً أَتَذْكُرُ إِذْ تَلَقَّيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَا وَأَنْتَ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَحَمَلَنَا وَتَرَكَكَ
Abdullah bin Abi Mulaika narrates that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him): "Do you remember when I, you, and Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), the three of us, went to meet the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?" He said: "Yes, I remember, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) let us ride with him on his mount and left you." Imam Ahmad's shaykh, Isma'il bin Ulayyah, once narrated it as follows: "Do you remember when I, you, and Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) went ahead and met the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?" He said: "Yes, I remember, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) let us ride with him and left you."
Hadith 11179
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَاحِشًا وَلَا مُتَفَحِّشًا وَكَانَ يَقُولُ مِنْ خِيَارِكُمْ أَحْسَنُكُمْ أَخْلَاقًا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was neither habitually nor deliberately foul-mouthed, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say: The best among you is the one who is best in character.
Hadith 11180
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ خَدَمْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ فَمَا أَمَرَنِي بِأَمْرٍ فَتَوَانَيْتُ عَنْهُ أَوْ ضَيَّعْتُهُ فَلَامَنِي فَإِنْ لَامَنِي أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا قَالَ دَعُوهُ فَلَوْ قُدِّرَ أَوْ قَالَ لَوْ قُضِيَ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَانَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I served the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for ten years. (In one narration, nine years are mentioned.) Whatever command the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me, and then if I was negligent or made a mistake in it, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never reproached me. And if anyone from the household of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ever spoke harshly to me, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would say: Leave him alone, if it was destined to happen, it would have happened.
Hadith 11181
عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَبَّابًا وَلَا لَعَّانًا وَلَا فَحَّاشًا كَانَ يَقُولُ لِأَحَدِنَا عِنْدَ الْمُعَاتَبَةِ مَا لَهُ تَرِبَ جَبِينُهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was not one who abused, cursed, or spoke obscenely. When he had to reprimand someone, he would only say: "What is the matter with him, may his forehead be dusted."
Hadith 11182
قَالَ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا ذَا الْأُذُنَيْنِ
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: O two-eared one.
Hadith 11183
عَنْ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ مَا حَجَبَنِي عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُنْذُ أَسْلَمْتُ وَلَا رَآنِي إِلَّا تَبَسَّمَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jarir bin Abdullah Bajali, may Allah be pleased with him, who says: Since I became a Muslim, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, never prevented me from coming to him, and whenever he, peace and blessings be upon him, saw me, he smiled.
Hadith 11184
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ مَا لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُسْلِمًا مِنْ لَعْنَةٍ تُذْكَرُ وَلَا انْتَقَمَ لِنَفْسِهِ شَيْئًا يُؤْتَى إِلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تُنْتَهَكَ حُرُمَاتُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَا ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ شَيْئًا قَطُّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَضْرِبَ بِهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلَا سُئِلَ شَيْئًا قَطُّ فَمَنَعَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُسْأَلَ مَأْثَمًا فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ أَبْعَدَ النَّاسِ مِنْهُ وَلَا خُيِّرَ بَيْنَ أَمْرَيْنِ قَطُّ إِلَّا اخْتَارَ أَيْسَرَهُمَا وَكَانَ إِذَا كَانَ حَدِيثَ عَهْدٍ بِجِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُدَارِسُهُ كَانَ أَجْوَدَ بِالْخَيْرِ مِنَ الرِّيحِ الْمُرْسَلَةِ
Sayyida Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never cursed any Muslim by name, nor did he ever take revenge for any mistreatment done to him, except when the limits of Allah the Exalted were violated. Nor did he (peace and blessings be upon him) ever strike anyone with his hand, except in the matter of Allah’s cause. Whenever anything was asked from him, he (peace and blessings be upon him) never refused it, except if it was something sinful. If it was a sinful matter, then he would be the farthest from it. And whenever he (peace and blessings be upon him) was given a choice between two matters, he would choose the easier of the two, as long as it was not sinful. And when he (peace and blessings be upon him) would finish reviewing the Qur’an with Jibreel (peace be upon him), he would become even more generous than before.
