الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الحادية عشرة للهجرةMost Important Events of the Eleventh Year of Hijrah
بَابُ آخرٍ عَهْدِ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَ آخِرِ عَهْدِ أَصْحَابِهِ بِهِ وَأَنَّهُ ﷺ مَاتَ شَهِيدًا
Chapter on His Last Connection With Prayer, the Last Meeting of His Companions With Him, and That He ﷺ Died as a Martyr
Hadith 11016
(وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا) قَالَ لَمَّا مَرِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَضَهُ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ أَتَاهُ بِلَالٌ يُؤْذِنُهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ بَعْدَ مَرَّتَيْنِ ”يَا بِلَالُ قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُصَلِّ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَدَعْ“ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ بِلَالٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي مَنْ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ ”مُرْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ“ فَلَمَّا أَنْ تَقَدَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رُفِعَتْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ السُّتُورُ قَالَ فَنَظَرْنَا إِلَيْهِ كَأَنَّهُ وَرَقَةٌ بَيْضَاءُ عَلَيْهِ خَمِيصَةٌ فَذَهَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَتَأَخَّرُ وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ الْخُرُوجَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَأَشَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَقُومَ فَيُصَلِّيَ فَصَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِالنَّاسِ فَمَا رَأَيْنَاهُ بَعْدُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was afflicted with his final illness, Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) came to inform him about the prayer. After informing him a second time, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Bilal! You have fulfilled your responsibility. Whoever wishes to pray may do so, and whoever wishes may leave it." Then Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) returned to him and said: "O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, who will lead the people in prayer?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) stepped forward to lead the prayer, the curtain in front of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was lifted. We looked towards him, and his blessed face was like a white sheet of paper (extremely white and radiant), and he was covered with a black-striped cloak. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) thought that perhaps the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wished to come for the prayer, so he began to step back, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) signaled to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to remain standing and lead the prayer. Thus, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) led the people in prayer. After that, we were not able to see the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) again.
Hadith 11017
(وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا) قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الِاثْنَيْنِ كَشَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سِتْرَ الْحُجْرَةِ فَرَأَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى وَجْهِهِ كَأَنَّهُ وَرَقَةُ مُصْحَفٍ وَهُوَ يَتَبَسَّمُ قَالَ وَكِدْنَا أَنْ نُفْتَتَنَ فِي صَلَاتِنَا فَرَحًا لِرُؤْيَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَرَادَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَنْكُصَ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ كَمَا أَنْتَ ثُمَّ أَرْخَى السِّتْرَ فَقُبِضَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَمُتْ وَلَكِنَّ رَبَّهُ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا أَرْسَلَ إِلَى مُوسَى فَمَكَثَ عَنْ قَوْمِهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَعِيشَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى يَقْطَعَ أَيْدِيَ رِجَالٍ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَأَلْسِنَتَهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَوْ قَالَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ مَاتَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that it was a Monday. In one narration, it is mentioned that I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for the last time on a Monday. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) lifted the curtain of his chamber and saw that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was leading the people in prayer. I saw the radiant face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); it was extremely beautiful, like a page of the Qur'an. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was smiling. Out of the joy of seeing the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we were about to fall into trial even while in prayer, meaning that seeing him healthy made us so happy that we were close to breaking our prayer. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) intended to step back, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) signaled for him to continue leading the prayer. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) let the curtain fall, and on that very day, the soul of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) departed. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and began to say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has not passed away; rather, his Lord has caused him to experience the same state as Musa (peace be upon him), who remained apart from his people for forty nights. By Allah! I expect that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) will remain alive until he cuts off the hands and tongues of the hypocrites—they are saying that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has passed away.
Hadith 11018
عَنْ أُمِّ الْفَضْلِ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بَيْتِهِ مُتَوَشِّحًا فِي ثَوْبٍ الْمَغْرِبَ فَقَرَأَ الْمُرْسَلَاتِ مَا صَلَّى بَعْدَهَا حَتَّى قُبِضَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
Sayyida Umm Fadl bint Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) led us in the Maghrib prayer in his house, wrapped in a cloth, and recited Surah Al-Mursalat. After that, he did not perform any prayer until he passed away.
Hadith 11019
عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ وَالَّذِي أَحْلِفُ بِهِ إِنْ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ لَأَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ عَهْدًا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ عُدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَدَاةً بَعْدَ غَدَاةٍ يَقُولُ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ مِرَارًا قَالَتْ وَأَظُنُّهُ كَانَ بَعَثَهُ فِي حَاجَةٍ قَالَتْ فَجَاءَ بَعْدُ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ لَهُ إِلَيْهِ حَاجَةً فَخَرَجْنَا مِنَ الْبَيْتِ فَقَعَدْنَا عِنْدَ الْبَابِ فَكُنْتُ مِنْ أَدْنَاهُمْ إِلَى الْبَابِ فَأَكَبَّ عَلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ فَجَعَلَ يُسَارُّهُ وَيُنَاجِيهِ ثُمَّ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ فَكَانَ أَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ بِهِ عَهْدًا
It is narrated from Sayyida Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her) that by the One in whose name oaths are sworn, the last person to meet the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). We used to nurse the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) every day, and he would repeatedly ask whether Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) had come. Sayyida (may Allah be pleased with her) says: I think that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had sent him on some errand, so he came. I thought that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had some task for him. We left the room and sat near the door. I was the closest to the door of the room. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) leaned over the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began to whisper something confidentially to him, and on that very day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away. Thus, the last meeting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was with Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hadith 11020
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أُمِّهِ أُمِّ مُبَشِّرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا دَخَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي وَجَعِهِ الَّذِي قُبِضَ فِيهِ فَقَالَتْ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا تَتَّهِمُ بِنَفْسِكَ فَإِنِّي لَا أَتَّهِمُ إِلَّا الطَّعَامَ الَّذِي أَكَلْتَ مَعَكَ بِخَيْبَرَ وَكَانَ ابْنُهَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ ”وَأَنَا لَا أَتَّهِمُ غَيْرَهُ هَذَا أَوَانُ قَطْعِ أَبْهَرِي“
Abdur Rahman bin Abdullah bin Ka'b narrates from his mother, Sayyidah Umm Mubashir (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: I went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) during the days of his final illness. I said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, what is your opinion about yourself? That is, in your view, what is the cause of your illness? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I do not doubt anything except that food which I ate at Khaybar (it seems to be its effect). Umm Mubashir's son (Mubashir, may Allah be pleased with him) was also with you (peace and blessings be upon him) in that meal, and he passed away due to that poisonous food. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Other than this, I do not doubt anything else; now the time has come for my jugular vein to be cut, that is, the last moment of life has arrived.
Hadith 11021
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَأَنْ أَحْلِفَ تِسْعًا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُتِلَ قَتْلًا أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَحْلِفَ وَاحِدَةً أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُقْتَلْ وَذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَهُ نَبِيًّا وَاتَّخَذَهُ شَهِيدًا قَالَ الْأَعْمَشُ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ كَانُوا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ سَمُّوهُ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I would rather swear nine times that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was martyred, this is more beloved to me than swearing once that he was not martyred. Allah Almighty made him (peace and blessings be upon him) both a Prophet and a martyr. One of the narrators of the hadith, A’mash, says: When I mentioned this to my teacher Ibrahim Taimi, he said that the scholars believe that the Jews poisoned the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
