الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الحادية عشرة للهجرةMost Important Events of the Eleventh Year of Hijrah
بَابُ هَلْ أَوْضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِشَيْءٍ أَمْ لَا؟ وَهَلْ عَهِدَ لَاحَدٍ بِالْخَلَافَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ أم لا؟
Chapter on Whether the Messenger of Allah ﷺ Made a Bequest or Not, and Whether He Appointed Anyone to the Caliphate After Him or Not
Hadith 10999
عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَتْ عَامَّةُ وَصِيَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ الصَّلَاةَ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ حَتَّى جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُغَرْغِرُ بِهَا صَدْرُهُ وَمَا يَكَادُ يُفِيضُ بِهَا بِلِسَانِهِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that before his passing, the general advice of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was to be steadfast in prayer and to treat slaves with kindness, until there was a rattling in the chest of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and these words could no longer be clearly uttered from his blessed tongue.
Hadith 11000
عَنْ طَلْحَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَوْصَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَكَيْفَ أَمَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِالْوَصِيَّةِ وَلَمْ يُوصِ قَالَ أَوْصَى بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I said to Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Abi Awf (may Allah be pleased with him): Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) make any bequest? He said: He did not. I said: Then why did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) command the believers to make a bequest, while he himself did not make one? He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made a bequest regarding the Book of Allah (i.e., to hold firmly to it).
Hadith 11001
عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ قَالَ ذَكَرُوا عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ عَلِيًّا كَانَ وَصِيًّا فَقَالَتْ مَتَى أَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ فَقَدْ كُنْتُ مُسْنِدَتَهُ إِلَى صَدْرِي أَوْ قَالَتْ فِي حِجْرِي فَدَعَا بِالطَّسْتِ فَلَقَدِ انْخَنَثَ فِي حِجْرِي وَمَا شَعَرْتُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ فَمَتَى أَوْصَى إِلَيْهِ
It is narrated from Aswad that people mentioned before Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made a bequest in favor of Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) (that he would be the caliph after the Prophet's passing). She said: At what time did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) make a bequest in favor of Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)? I was supporting the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) against my chest, or she said: I had the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in my lap, he asked for a vessel of water, and his soul departed in my lap, and I did not even realize the moment of his passing. Now, when did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) make a bequest in favor of Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)?
Hadith 11002
عَنِ الْأَرْقَمِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ قَالَ سَافَرْتُ مَعَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ أَوْصَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ وَقَالَ مَا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّلَاةَ حَتَّى ثَقُلَ جِدًّا فَخَرَجَ يُهَادَى بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ وَإِنَّ رِجْلَيْهِ لَتَخُطَّانِ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَمَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يُوصِ
It is narrated from Arqam bin Sharhabil, he says: I traveled from Madinah Munawwarah to Shaam in the company of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). I asked him whether the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had made any will. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had not yet performed the prayer when he became severely ill. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) was taken with the support of two men, his feet dragging on the ground. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away and made no such will.
Hadith 11003
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ أَحَدًا وَلَوْ كَانَ مُسْتَخْلِفًا لَاسْتَخْلَفَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَوْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) departed from this world and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not appoint anyone as a caliph. If he (peace and blessings be upon him) were to appoint anyone as a caliph, he would have appointed Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) or Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hadith 11004
عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ يُؤَمَّرُ بَعْدَكَ قَالَ ”إِنْ تُؤَمِّرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَجِدُوهُ أَمِينًا زَاهِدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا رَاغِبًا فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَإِنْ تُؤَمِّرُوا عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَجِدُوهُ قَوِيًّا أَمِينًا لَا يَخَافُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ وَإِنْ تُؤَمِّرُوا عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَلَا أَرَاكُمْ فَاعِلِينَ تَجِدُوهُ هَادِيًا مَهْدِيًّا يَأْخُذُ بِكُمُ الطَّرِيقَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that someone said: O Messenger of Allah! After you, whom should we appoint as leader? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you appoint Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) as leader, you will find him trustworthy, disinterested in the world and desirous of the Hereafter. And if you appoint Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) as leader, you will find him strong and trustworthy, who will not care about the blame of any blamer for the sake of Allah. And if you appoint Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) as leader—though I do not think you will appoint him—you will find him a guide and rightly guided, who will lead you to the straight path.
Hadith 11005
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ آخِرُ مَا عَهِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ”لَا يُتْرَكُ بِجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ دِينَانِ“
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the last statement of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was: Two religions shall not be allowed to remain in the Arabian Peninsula.
