الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الثامنة للهجرةMost Important Events of the Eighth Year of Hijrah
بَابُ تَقْسِيمِ غَنَائِمِ حُنَيْنِ بِالْجِعْرَانَةِ وَمَجِيءِ وَفْدِ هَوَازِنَ مُسْلِمِينَ وَاسْتِعْطَافِهِمْ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي أَخْذِ سَبَايَاهُمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ
Chapter on the Division of the Spoils of Hunayn at al-Ji‘ranah, the Arrival of the Delegation of Hawazin as Muslims, and Their Plea to the Prophet ﷺ for the Return of Their Captives and Wealth
Hadith 10916
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَنَائِمَ حُنَيْنٍ بِالْجِعِرَّانَةِ قَالَ فَازْدَحَمُوا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ عَبْدًا مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَكَذَّبُوهُ وَشَجُّوهُ فَجَعَلَ يَمْسَحُ الدَّمَ عَنْ جَبِينِهِ وَيَقُولُ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِقَوْمِي فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَمْسَحُ جَبْهَتَهُ يَحْكِي الرَّجُلَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed the spoils of Hunayn at the place of Ji'ranah. People gathered around him and crowded upon him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah Almighty sent one of His servants as a messenger to his people. When his people denied him and wounded his head so that it was covered in blood, he would wipe the blood from his forehead and say, "O my Lord! Forgive my people, for they do not know the reality." Abu Wa'il says: Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: It is as if I am seeing the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioning that servant and at the same time gesturing as if wiping his own forehead.
Hadith 10917
عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَعْطَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَإِنَّهُ لَأَبْغَضُ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ فَمَا زَالَ يُعْطِينِي حَتَّى صَارَ وَإِنَّهُ لَأَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Safwan bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that I had the greatest enmity towards the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), but on the day of Hunayn, he gave me a share from the spoils of war and continued to grant me until he became the most beloved of all people in my eyes.
Hadith 10918
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ الْجِعْرَانَةِ وَهُوَ يَقْسِمُ فِضَّةً فِي ثَوْبِ بِلَالٍ لِلنَّاسِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اعْدِلْ فَقَالَ وَيْلَكَ وَمَنْ يَعْدِلُ إِذَا لَمْ أَعْدِلْ لَقَدْ خِبْتُ إِنْ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَعْدِلُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ دَعْنِي أَقْتُلْ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقَ فَقَالَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَتَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ أَنِّي أَقْتُلُ أَصْحَابِي إِنَّ هَذَا وَأَصْحَابَهُ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ لَا يُجَاوِزُ حَنَاجِرَهُمْ أَوْ تَرَاقِيهِمْ يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الدِّينِ مُرُوقَ السَّهْمِ مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ
It is narrated from Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that in the year of Ja‘ranah, I came in the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was distributing silver among the people from the garment of Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him). Then a man said: O Messenger of Allah! Be just. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Woe to you! If I do not act justly, then who will? If I do not act justly, then surely I am in total loss. Hearing this man's words, Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Allow me to finish off this hypocrite. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I seek refuge with Allah from that; people will start saying that I kill my companions. Indeed, this man and his other companions (apparently) recite the Qur’an, but it does not go beyond their throats or their chests. These people leave the religion just as an arrow passes cleanly through its prey.
Hadith 10919
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَجَاءَتْهُ وُفُودُ هَوَازِنَ فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّا أَصْلٌ وَعَشِيرَةٌ فَمُنَّ عَلَيْنَا مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِنَا مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ مَا لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْكَ فَقَالَ اخْتَارُوا بَيْنَ نِسَائِكُمْ وَأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَبْنَائِكُمْ قَالُوا خَيَّرْتَنَا بَيْنَ أَحْسَابِنَا وَأَمْوَالِنَا نَخْتَارُ أَبْنَاءَنَا فَقَالَ أَمَّا مَا كَانَ لِي وَلِبَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُ الظُّهْرَ فَقُولُوا إِنَّا نَسْتَشْفِعُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَبِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي نِسَائِنَا وَأَبْنَائِنَا قَالَ فَفَعَلُوا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَّا مَا كَانَ لِي وَلِبَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ وَقَالَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَمَا كَانَ لَنَا فَهُوَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ أَمَّا مَا كَانَ لِي وَلِبَنِي فَزَارَةَ فَلَا وَقَالَ الْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ أَمَّا أَنَا وَبَنُو تَمِيمٍ فَلَا وَقَالَ عَبَّاسُ بْنُ مِرْدَاسٍ أَمَّا أَنَا وَبَنُو سُلَيْمٍ فَلَا فَقَالَتِ الْحَيَّانِ كَذَبْتَ بَلْ هُوَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ رُدُّوا عَلَيْهِمْ نِسَاءَهُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَهُمْ فَمَنْ تَمَسَّكَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْفَيْءِ فَلَهُ عَلَيْنَا سِتَّةُ فَرَائِضَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ شَيْءٍ يُفِيئُهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا ثُمَّ رَكِبَ رَاحِلَتَهُ وَتَعَلَّقَ بِهِ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ اقْسِمْ عَلَيْنَا فَيْئَنَا بَيْنَنَا حَتَّى أَلْجَأُوهُ إِلَى سَمُرَةٍ فَخَطَفَتْ رِدَاءَهُ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ رُدُّوا عَلَيَّ رِدَائِي فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ لَكُمْ بِعَدَدِ شَجَرِ تِهَامَةَ نَعَمٌ لَقَسَمْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ ثُمَّ لَا تَجِدُونِي بَخِيلًا وَلَا جَبَانًا وَلَا كَذُوبًا ثُمَّ دَنَا مِنْ بَعِيرِهِ فَأَخَذَ وَبَرَةً مِنْ سَنَامِهِ فَجَعَلَهَا بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ السَّبَّابَةِ وَالْوُسْطَى ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لَيْسَ لِي مِنْ هَذَا الْفَيْءِ وَلَا هَذِهِ إِلَّا الْخُمُسُ وَالْخُمُسُ مَرْدُودٌ عَلَيْكُمْ فَرُدُّوا الْخَيْطَ وَالْمِخْيَطَ فَإِنَّ الْغُلُولَ يَكُونُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَارًا وَنَارًا وَشَنَارًا فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مَعَهُ كُبَّةٌ مِنْ شَعْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَخَذْتُ هَذِهِ أُصْلِحُ بِهَا بَرْدَعَةَ بَعِيرٍ لِي دَبِرَ قَالَ أَمَّا مَا كَانَ لِي وَلِبَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَهُوَ لَكَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَّا إِذْ بَلَغَتْ مَا أَرَى فَلَا أَرَبَ لِي بِهَا وَنَبَذَهَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the time of the Battle of Hunayn, when the delegations of Banu Hawazin came to the service of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). They said: O Muhammad! We are your own blood and tribe, show kindness to us, Allah will show kindness to you. Indeed, a trial has befallen us which is not hidden from you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Choose one from your women, wealth, or sons. They said: Since you have given us the choice regarding our lineage and wealth, we choose our sons. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whatever comes to me and the share of Banu Abdul Muttalib, I return it to you. When I have performed the Zuhr prayer, then say: We present the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) as an intercessor before the believers and the believers as intercessors before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and we request regarding our women and children. They did so, and when they said this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whatever comes to me and the share of Banu Abdul Muttalib, I return it to you. Upon hearing this, the Muhajireen said: Whatever comes to our share, we give it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Ansar (may Allah be pleased with them) said the same. Uyaina bin Badr said: As for my share and the share of Banu Fazarah, we will not give it. Aqra bin Habis also said: I and Banu Tamim will not return our shares. Abbas bin Mirdas said: I and Banu Sulaym will also not return our shares. At this, both tribes said: You have spoken wrongly; rather, our shares are for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O people! Return their women and sons to them. Whoever wants to keep something from the spoils (fay’), when Allah gives us the next spoils, we will give him six shares from it. After this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mounted his camel and the people clung to him, saying: Distribute the spoils among us. They forced him to go towards the thorny acacia trees. The cloak of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was snatched away. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O people! Return my cloak to me. By Allah! If there were camels equal to the trees of Tihamah, I would distribute them among you, and you will not find me miserly, cowardly, or a liar. Then he went near his camel, took a few hairs from its hump, held them between his index and middle finger, raised his finger upwards and said: O people! Not even this much from the spoils (fay’) is mine, except for the khums (one-fifth), and that too is distributed among you. Return even a thread and a needle, that is, even the smallest thing. Indeed, taking anything before the distribution of the spoils or fay’ will be a cause of shame, fire, and disgrace for a person on the Day of Resurrection. A man who had a bunch of hair stood up and said: I took this bunch to repair the cloth placed over the wound on my camel’s back. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whatever is my share and the share of Banu Abdul Muttalib in this bunch, I forgive you for it. He said: O Messenger of Allah! When the matter has reached this extent, as I see, then I have no need for it, and he threw away the bunch.
Hadith 10920
عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ مَرْوَانَ وَالْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ أَخْبَرَاهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَامَ حِينَ جَاءَهُ وَفْدُ هَوَازِنَ مُسْلِمِينَ فَسَأَلُوا أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَسَبْيَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعِي مَنْ تَرَوْنَ وَأَحَبُّ الْحَدِيثِ إِلَيَّ أَصْدَقُهُ فَاخْتَارُوا إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ إِمَّا السَّبْيُ وَإِمَّا الْمَالُ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ اسْتَأْنَيْتُ بِكُمْ وَكَانَ أَنْظَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً حِينَ قَفَلَ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَيْرُ رَادٍّ إِلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ قَالُوا فَإِنَّا نَخْتَارُ سَبْيَنَا فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ إِخْوَانَكُمْ قَدْ جَاءُوا تَائِبِينَ وَإِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَنْ أَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ سَبْيَهُمْ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يُطَيِّبَ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى حَظِّهِ حَتَّى نُعْطِيَهُ إِيَّاهُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَا يُفِيئُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْنَا فَلْيَفْعَلْ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ قَدْ طَيَّبْنَا ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّا لَا نَدْرِي مَنْ أَذِنَ مِنْكُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ فَارْجِعُوا حَتَّى يَرْفَعَ إِلَيْنَا عُرَفَاؤُكُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ فَجَمَعَ النَّاسُ فَكَلَّمَهُمْ عُرَفَاؤُهُمْ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ طَيَّبُوا وَأَذِنُوا هَذَا الَّذِي بَلَغَنِي عَنْ سَبْيِ هَوَازِنَ
It is narrated from Urwah bin Zubair that Sayyiduna Marwan and Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhrama (may Allah be pleased with them both) informed him that when the delegation of Hawazin came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) as Muslims and requested him to return their wealth and captives, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to them: "You see how many people are with me. I like truthful speech very much, so choose one thing from either the captives or the wealth. I have already given you some respite regarding this." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had given them more than ten nights' respite upon his return from Ta’if, meaning he waited for them for that long. When they saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would return only one of the two things to them, they said: "We choose our captives to be returned to us." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood among the Muslims, praised and glorified Allah with words that He is worthy of, and then said: "These brothers of yours have come in repentance. I have decided to return their captives to them. Whoever among you wishes to do so gladly, let him do so, and whoever wants to take his share, then from the first spoils (fay) that come to us, we will pay him his share. Whoever wishes to do so, let him do so." The people said: "Considering the wish of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we also gladly do so." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to them: "We do not know who among you has given permission for this and who has not. You people go back, and your representatives will come to us and inform us of your decision." Those representatives gathered the people and spoke to them, then came and informed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that they had gladly given permission for this. Urwah said that this is the narration that reached me regarding the captives of Hawazin.
