الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الثامنة للهجرةMost Important Events of the Eighth Year of Hijrah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي مَكَائِدِ الْحَرْبِ وَسَبَبٍ إِنْهِزَامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَولا وَتُبُوتِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَكَابِرِ أَصْحَابِهِ وَآلِ بَيْته
Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding the Strategies of War, the Reason for the Initial Defeat of the Muslims, and the Steadfastness of the Prophet ﷺ, the Senior Companions, and His Family
Hadith 10902
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ لَمَّا اسْتَقْبَلْنَا وَادِيَ حُنَيْنٍ قَالَ انْحَدَرْنَا فِي وَادٍ مِنْ أَوْدِيَةِ تِهَامَةَ أَجْوَفَ حَطُوطٍ إِنَّمَا نَنْحَدِرُ فِيهِ انْحِدَارًا قَالَ وَفِي عِمَايَةِ الصُّبْحِ وَقَدْ كَانَ الْقَوْمُ كَمَنُوا لَنَا فِي شِعَابِهِ وَفِي أَجْنَابِهِ وَمَضَايِقِهِ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا وَتَهَيَّأُوا وَأَعَدُّوا قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا رَاعَنَا وَنَحْنُ مُنْحَطُّونَ إِلَّا الْكَتَائِبُ قَدْ شَدَّتْ عَلَيْنَا شَدَّةَ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ وَانْهَزَمَ النَّاسُ رَاجِعِينَ فَاسْتَمَرُّوا لَا يَلْوِي أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى أَحَدٍ وَانْحَازَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ الْيَمِينِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِلَيَّ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ هَلُمَّ إِلَيَّ أَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَلَا شَيْءَ احْتَمَلَتِ الْإِبِلُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا فَانْطَلَقَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا أَنَّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَهْطًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ غَيْرَ كَثِيرٍ وَفِيمَنْ ثَبَتَ مَعَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَالْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَابْنُهُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَرَبِيعَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَأَيْمَنُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ وَأُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ قَالَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ هَوَازِنَ عَلَى جَمَلٍ لَهُ أَحْمَرَ فِي يَدِهِ رَايَةٌ لَهُ سَوْدَاءُ فِي رَأْسِ رُمْحٍ طَوِيلٍ لَهُ أَمَامَ النَّاسِ وَهَوَازِنُ خَلْفَهُ فَإِذَا أَدْرَكَ طَعَنَ بِرُمْحِهِ وَإِذَا فَاتَهُ النَّاسُ رَفَعَهُ لِمَنْ وَرَاءَهُ فَاتَّبَعُوهُ
It is narrated from Abdur Rahman bin Jabir, who reports from his father, Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), who says: When we reached the valley of Hunayn, we passed through a valley of Tihamah which was quite wide and broad, sloping from high ground to low. We were descending from above to below in it; it was the time of early dawn. The enemy was hiding in various places and narrow spots in the passes of the valley’s mountains, gathered and fully prepared to confront us. By Allah! As we were descending into the valley, their troops suddenly attacked us. Our people, startled by this sudden assault, fled in defeat. No one was looking towards anyone else. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also turned to the right side of the path. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “O people! Come to me, come to me! I am the Messenger of Allah, I am Muhammad bin Abdullah.” For a moment, no one responded. The camels, enraged, were running over each other, and people were moving along. Only a few Muhajirun, Ansar, and some members of the Ahl al-Bayt remained with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Among those who stayed with you were Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them), and from the Ahl al-Bayt: Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him), his son Sayyiduna Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan bin Harith (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Rabi’ah bin Harith (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyidah Umm Ayman’s (may Allah be pleased with her) son Sayyiduna Ayman bin Ubaid, and Sayyiduna Usamah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him). A man from Banu Hawazin, who was riding a red camel and waving a black flag on the tip of a long spear, was at the front of his tribe, and the rest of Banu Hawazin were following him. Whenever he encountered a Muslim on the way, he would strike him with his spear, and when people passed by, he would raise his flag to guide those behind him, and the people would follow him.
Hadith 10903
قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَحَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ بَيْنَا ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ هَوَازِنَ صَاحِبُ الرَّايَةِ عَلَى جَمَلِهِ ذَلِكَ يَصْنَعُ مَا يَصْنَعُ إِذْ هَوَى لَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُرِيدَانِهِ قَالَ فَيَأْتِيهِ عَلِيٌّ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَضَرَبَ عُرْقُوبَيِ الْجَمَلِ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى عَجُزِهِ وَوَثَبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ فَضَرَبَهُ ضَرْبَةً أَطَنَّتْ قَدَمَهُ بِنِصْفِ سَاقِهِ فَانْعَجَفَ عَنْ رَحْلِهِ وَاجْتَلَدَ النَّاسُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا رَجَعَتْ رَاجِعَةُ النَّاسِ مِنْ هَزِيمَتِهِمْ حَتَّى وَجَدُوا الْأَسْرَى مُكَتَّفِينَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: The standard-bearer of Hawazin was riding his camel and carrying out such actions when Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) and an Ansari man went towards him. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went behind him and struck the camel’s hamstrings. The camel fell backward, and the Ansari quickly ran and struck, cutting off his foot from the middle of the shin, and the sound of the bone breaking was also heard. Thus, he fell down from his camel and the Muslims displayed courage and bravery. By Allah! When these defeated Muslims returned, they found the enemy prisoners with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in such a state that their hands were tied.
Hadith 10904
عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْبَرَاءَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قَيْسٍ فَقَالَ أَفَرَرْتُمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ فَقَالَ الْبَرَاءُ وَلَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَفِرَّ كَانَتْ هَوَازِنُ نَاسًا رُمَاةً وَإِنَّا لَمَّا حَمَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ انْكَشَفُوا فَأَكْبَبْنَا عَلَى الْغَنَائِمِ فَاسْتَقْبَلُونَا بِالسِّهَامِ وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ الْبَيْضَاءِ وَإِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ آخِذٌ بِلِجَامِهَا وَهُوَ يَقُولُ أَنَا النَّبِيُّ لَا كَذِبْ أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبْ
It is narrated from Abu Ishaq, he says: I heard Bara bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him), when a man from Banu Qais asked him, "Did you people flee and leave the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the time of the Battle of Hunayn?" He replied, "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not flee; in fact, Banu Hawazin were expert archers. When we attacked them, they scattered. We began collecting the spoils of war, and they confronted us with arrows. I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) riding his white mule, and Abu Sufyan bin Harith (may Allah be pleased with him) was holding its reins, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was reciting this rajaz: 'I am the Prophet, there is no lie; I am the son of Abdul Muttalib.'"
Hadith 10905
حَدَّثَنَا إِيَاسُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَوَازِنَ وَغَطَفَانَ فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَحْمَرَ فَانْتَزَعَ شَيْئًا مِنْ حَقَبِ الْبَعِيرِ فَقَيَّدَ بِهِ الْبَعِيرَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ يَمْشِي حَتَّى قَعَدَ مَعَنَا يَتَغَدَّى قَالَ فَنَظَرَ فِي الْقَوْمِ فَإِذَا ظَهْرُهُمْ فِيهِ قِلَّةٌ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ مُشَاةٌ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ خَرَجَ يَعْدُو قَالَ فَأَتَى بَعِيرَهُ فَقَعَدَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ يَرْكُضُهُ وَهُوَ طَلِيعَةٌ لِلْكُفَّارِ فَاتَّبَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا مِنْ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ وَرْقَاءَ قَالَ إِيَاسٌ قَالَ أَبِي فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ أَعْدُو عَلَى رِجْلَيَّ قَالَ وَرَأْسُ النَّاقَةِ عِنْدَ وَرِكِ الْجَمَلِ قَالَ وَلَحِقْتُهُ فَكُنْتُ عِنْدَ وَرِكِ النَّاقَةِ وَتَقَدَّمْتُ حَتَّى كُنْتُ عِنْدَ وَرِكِ الْجَمَلِ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمْتُ حَتَّى أَخَذْتُ بِخِطَامِ الْجَمَلِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِخْ فَلَمَّا وَضَعَ الْجَمَلُ رُكْبَتَهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ اخْتَرَطْتُ سَيْفِي فَضَرَبْتُ رَأْسَهُ فَنَدَرَ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ أَقُودُهَا فَاسْتَقْبَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَ النَّاسِ قَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَالُوا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهُ سَلَبُهُ أَجْمَعُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We attacked Banu Hawazin and Ghatafan along with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). We were engaged in battle when a man came riding on his red camel. He took something out from a pouch tied to the camel and tied it to the camel, then he walked over and sat with us to eat. He looked at the people and saw that they were very few, and most of them were on foot. When he saw this situation, he ran away, reached his camel, mounted it, and spurred it on. In fact, he was a spy of the disbelievers. One of us from Banu Aslam mounted his white she-camel and chased after him. Sayyiduna Salamah says: I also ran after him on foot. The head of the Muslim’s she-camel was touching the rear of the disbeliever’s camel (i.e., both were very close). I advanced and reached behind the camel. Then I went ahead of the camel and grabbed its reins, and I made a specific sound to make the camel sit. When the camel placed its knees on the ground, I swung my sword and struck his head, severing it. Then I brought his camel, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) met me along with the people. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Who killed this man? The people informed that Sayyiduna Ibn Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) did. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: All the spoils taken from him belong to him.
