الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة السادسة للهجرةMost Important Events of the Sixth Year of Hijrah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي حَدِيثِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْاكْوَعِ وَهُوَ يَتَضَمَّنُ تَلْخِيْصَ الْبَابَينِ اللَّذِيْنِ قَبْلَهُ
Chapter on What Has Been Reported in the Hadith of Salama ibn al-Akwa‘, Which Summarizes the Two Previous Chapters
Hadith 10808
عَنْ إِيَاسٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ قَدِمْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ وَنَحْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً وَعَلَيْهَا خَمْسُونَ شَاةً لَا تُرْوِيهَا فَقَعَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى جَبَاهَا فَإِمَّا دَعَا وَإِمَّا بَسَقَ فَجَاشَتْ فَسَقَيْنَا وَاسْتَقَيْنَا قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَعَا بِالْبَيْعَةِ فِي أَصْلِ الشَّجَرَةِ فَبَايَعْتُهُ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ وَبَايَعَ وَبَايَعَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ فِي وَسَطٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ قَالَ يَا سَلَمَةُ بَايِعْنِي قَالَ قَدْ بَايَعْتُكَ فِي أَوَّلِ النَّاسِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ وَأَيْضًا فَبَايِعْ وَرَآنِي أَعْزَلًا فَأَعْطَانِي حَجَفَةً أَوْ دَرَقَةً ثُمَّ بَايَعَ وَبَايَعَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ فِي آخِرِ النَّاسِ قَالَ أَلَا تُبَايِعُنِي قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ بَايَعْتُ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ وَأَوْسَطَهُمْ وَآخِرَهُمْ قَالَ وَأَيْضًا فَبَايِعْ فَبَايَعْتُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيْنَ دَرَقَتُكَ أَوْ حَجَفَتُكَ الَّتِي أَعْطَيْتُكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقِينِي عَمِّي عَامِرٌ أَعْزَلًا فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ إِيَّاهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ كَالَّذِي قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ابْغِنِي حَبِيبًا هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ نَفْسِي وَضَحِكَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ رَاسَلُونَا الصُّلْحَ حَتَّى مَشَى بَعْضُنَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ قَالَ وَكُنْتُ تَبِيعًا لِطَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ أَحُسُّ فَرَسَهُ وَأَسْقِيهِ وَآكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ وَتَرَكْتُ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَلَمَّا اصْطَلَحْنَا نَحْنُ وَأَهْلُ مَكَّةَ وَاخْتَلَطَ بَعْضُنَا بِبَعْضٍ أَتَيْتُ الشَّجَرَةَ فَكَسَحْتُ شَوْكَهَا وَاضْطَجَعْتُ فِي ظِلِّهَا فَأَتَانِي أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَجَعَلُوا وَهُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ يَقَعُونَ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَتَحَوَّلْتُ عَنْهُمْ إِلَى شَجَرَةٍ أُخْرَى وَعَلَّقُوا سِلَاحَهُمْ وَاضْطَجَعُوا فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ نَادَى مُنَادٍ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ الْوَادِي يَا آلَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ قُتِلَ ابْنُ زُنَيْمٍ فَاخْتَرَطْتُ سَيْفِي فَشَدَدْتُ عَلَى الْأَرْبَعَةِ فَأَخَذْتُ سِلَاحَهُمْ فَجَعَلْتُهُ ضِغْثًا ثُمَّ قُلْتُ وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَ مُحَمَّدًا لَا يَرْفَعُ رَجُلٌ مِنْكُمْ رَأْسَهُ إِلَّا ضَرَبْتُ الَّذِي يَعْنِي فِيهِ عَيْنَاهُ فَجِئْتُ أَسُوقُهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَجَاءَ عَمِّي عَامِرٌ بِابْنِ مِكْرَزٍ يَقُودُ بِهِ فَرَسَهُ يَقُودُ سَبْعِينَ حَتَّى وَقَفْنَاهُمْ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ دَعُوهُمْ يَكُونُ لَهُمْ بُدُوُّ الْفُجُورِ وَعَفَا عَنْهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأُنْزِلَتْ وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ [الفتح: 24] ثُمَّ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَنَزَلْنَا مَنْزِلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ لَحْيُ جَمَلٍ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِمَنْ رَقِيَ الْجَبَلَ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ كَانَ طَلِيعَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ فَرَقِيتُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِظَهْرِهِ مَعَ غُلَامِهِ رَبَاحٍ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ وَخَرَجْتُ بِفَرَسِ طَلْحَةَ أُنَدِّيهِ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا إِذَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ الْفَزَارِيُّ قَدْ أَغَارَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَاقَهُ أَجْمَعَ وَقَتَلَ رَاعِيهُ
It is narrated from Iyas, who says: My father, Sayyiduna Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him), told me that we reached the place of Hudaybiyyah in the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). We were fourteen hundred in number. There were fifty goats there, and the water there was insufficient for them. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sat at the edge of the well. He either supplicated or put his blessed saliva into it, and then the well began to gush forth. We drank the water ourselves and gave it to the animals as well.
Afterwards, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called all the people to pledge allegiance under a tree. The first to pledge allegiance to him was Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued to take pledges from the people. When half the people had pledged, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Salamah! Pledge again.” He said: “O Messenger of Allah! I have already pledged first.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Pledge again.” So he pledged again. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw me without a weapon, i.e., empty-handed, so he granted me a shield, and then continued to take pledges from the people.
When the last of the people were pledging, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) again said: “Ibn Akwa’! Will you not pledge allegiance to me?” I said: “O Messenger of Allah! I have already pledged first and in the middle of the people.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Then pledge again.” So I pledged allegiance to him a third time. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The shield I gave you, where is it?” I said: “O Messenger of Allah! My uncle ‘Amir met me without a weapon, i.e., empty-handed, so I gave him that shield.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “You are like the man who said: ‘O Allah, provide me with such friends who are dearer to me than myself.’” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled at this.
After that, the polytheists kept trying to make peace with us, until some of us even went to each other. At that time, I was serving Sayyiduna Talhah bin ‘Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him); I would groom his horse, give it water, and eat from his food. Because of migrating to Allah and His Messenger, I had left my family and wealth and had become detached from them. When we made peace with the people of Makkah and began to meet each other, I went under a tree, cleared its thorns, and lay down in its shade. Four polytheists from among the people of Makkah came to me and began to speak ill of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). I left them and went under another tree. They hung their weapons on the tree and lay down. While they were in that state, a caller from the lower part of the valley called out: “O Muhajirun! Ibn Zunayn (may Allah be pleased with him) has been killed.” I drew my sword and ran towards those four, took their weapons into my possession, and said to them: “By the One who honored Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! If any of you raises his head, I will kill him.” I drove them to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and my uncle ‘Amir captured Ibn Muqarriz, making him ride his horse. There were seventy more polytheists with them, until we all stopped.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at those people and said: “Let them go, the beginning of the wrongdoing is upon them.” And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forgave them, and this verse was revealed: {وَہُوَ الَّذِی کَفَّ أَیْدِیَہُمْ عَنْکُمْ وَأَیْدِیَکُمْ عَنْہُمْ} … “And He it is Who withheld their hands from you and your hands from them.” (Surah Al-Fath: 24)
After that, we set out towards Madinah. On the way back, we stopped at a place called Lahi Jamal. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed for forgiveness for the man who would climb the mountain that night to guard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the noble Companions. So that night, I climbed the mountain two or three times. Then we reached Madinah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent his slave Rabah (may Allah be pleased with him) to take his camel among the other camels. I too, riding the horse of Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him), hurried along with Rabah. In the morning, we saw that ‘Abdur Rahman bin ‘Uyainah al-Farazi had raided the camels of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), taken them all away, and killed the camel herder.
Afterwards, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called all the people to pledge allegiance under a tree. The first to pledge allegiance to him was Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued to take pledges from the people. When half the people had pledged, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Salamah! Pledge again.” He said: “O Messenger of Allah! I have already pledged first.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Pledge again.” So he pledged again. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw me without a weapon, i.e., empty-handed, so he granted me a shield, and then continued to take pledges from the people.
When the last of the people were pledging, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) again said: “Ibn Akwa’! Will you not pledge allegiance to me?” I said: “O Messenger of Allah! I have already pledged first and in the middle of the people.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Then pledge again.” So I pledged allegiance to him a third time. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The shield I gave you, where is it?” I said: “O Messenger of Allah! My uncle ‘Amir met me without a weapon, i.e., empty-handed, so I gave him that shield.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “You are like the man who said: ‘O Allah, provide me with such friends who are dearer to me than myself.’” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled at this.
After that, the polytheists kept trying to make peace with us, until some of us even went to each other. At that time, I was serving Sayyiduna Talhah bin ‘Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him); I would groom his horse, give it water, and eat from his food. Because of migrating to Allah and His Messenger, I had left my family and wealth and had become detached from them. When we made peace with the people of Makkah and began to meet each other, I went under a tree, cleared its thorns, and lay down in its shade. Four polytheists from among the people of Makkah came to me and began to speak ill of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). I left them and went under another tree. They hung their weapons on the tree and lay down. While they were in that state, a caller from the lower part of the valley called out: “O Muhajirun! Ibn Zunayn (may Allah be pleased with him) has been killed.” I drew my sword and ran towards those four, took their weapons into my possession, and said to them: “By the One who honored Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! If any of you raises his head, I will kill him.” I drove them to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and my uncle ‘Amir captured Ibn Muqarriz, making him ride his horse. There were seventy more polytheists with them, until we all stopped.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at those people and said: “Let them go, the beginning of the wrongdoing is upon them.” And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forgave them, and this verse was revealed: {وَہُوَ الَّذِی کَفَّ أَیْدِیَہُمْ عَنْکُمْ وَأَیْدِیَکُمْ عَنْہُمْ} … “And He it is Who withheld their hands from you and your hands from them.” (Surah Al-Fath: 24)
After that, we set out towards Madinah. On the way back, we stopped at a place called Lahi Jamal. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed for forgiveness for the man who would climb the mountain that night to guard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the noble Companions. So that night, I climbed the mountain two or three times. Then we reached Madinah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent his slave Rabah (may Allah be pleased with him) to take his camel among the other camels. I too, riding the horse of Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him), hurried along with Rabah. In the morning, we saw that ‘Abdur Rahman bin ‘Uyainah al-Farazi had raided the camels of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), taken them all away, and killed the camel herder.
