الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة السادسة للهجرةMost Important Events of the Sixth Year of Hijrah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي بَيْعَةِ الرَّضْوَانِ
Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding the Pledge of Ridwan
Hadith 10795
عَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَهُوَ رَافِعٌ غُصْنًا مِنْ أَغْصَانِ الشَّجَرَةِ بِيَدِهِ عَنْ رَأْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُبَايِعُ النَّاسَ فَبَايَعُوهُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَفِرُّوا وَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَلْفٌ وَأَرْبَعُ مِائَةٍ
It is narrated from Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Hudaybiyyah, and when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was taking the pledge from the people, he was holding a branch from the branches of the tree with his hands and raising it above the blessed head of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The noble Companions pledged to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that they would not flee from the battlefield. On that day, the number of the Companions was one thousand four hundred.
Hadith 10796
عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ كُنَّا يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ أَلْفًا وَأَرْبَعَ مِائَةٍ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ وَعُمَرُ آخِذٌ بِيَدِهِ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ وَهِيَ سَمُرَةٌ عَلَى أَنْ لَا نَفِرَّ وَلَمْ نُبَايِعْهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Hudaybiyyah our number was fourteen hundred. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was holding the hand of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Under the acacia tree, we pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that we would not flee from the battlefield. We did not pledge allegiance to him (peace and blessings be upon him) upon death.
Hadith 10797
عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ كَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ آخِذًا بِيَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُوَاثِقُنَا فَلَمَّا فَرَغْنَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخَذْتُ وَأَعْطَيْتُ قَالَ فَسَأَلْتُ جَابِرًا يَوْمَئِذٍ كَيْفَ بَايَعْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعَلَى الْمَوْتِ قَالَ لَا وَلَكِنْ بَايَعْنَاهُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا نَفِرَّ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَفَرَأَيْتَ يَوْمَ الشَّجَرَةِ قَالَ كُنْتُ آخِذًا بِيَدِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ حَتَّى بَايَعْنَاهُ قُلْتُ كَمْ كُنْتُمْ قَالَ كُنَّا أَرْبَعَ عَشَرَ مِائَةً فَبَايَعْنَاهُ كُلُّنَا إِلَّا الْجَدَّ بْنَ قَيْسٍ اخْتَبَأَ تَحْتَ بَطْنِ بَعِيرٍ وَنَحَرْنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ سَبْعِينَ مِنَ الْبُدْنِ لِكُلِّ سَبْعَةٍ جَزُورٌ
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) was holding the hand of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was taking the pledge of allegiance from us. When we finished the pledge, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I have taken the pledge from you and have given you Allah’s religion and His promise. Abu Zubair says: I asked Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), what kind of pledge did you take with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that day? Was it the pledge of death? He said: No, we pledged to you that we would not flee. I said: Tell me also about the day of the tree. He said: On that day, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was holding the hand of Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). I asked: How many people were you that day? He said: We were fourteen hundred, and except for Jad bin Qais, everyone else pledged allegiance at your hand; he had hidden behind the belly of a camel. That day, we sacrificed seventy camels, one camel for every seven men.
Hadith 10798
حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرًا يُسْأَلُ هَلْ بَايَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ قَالَ لَا وَلَكِنْ صَلَّى بِهَا وَلَمْ يُبَايِعْ عِنْدَ الشَّجَرَةِ إِلَّا الشَّجَرَةَ الَّتِي لِلْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرًا دَعَا عَلَى بِئْرِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ
Abu Zubair narrated that he heard that Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked whether the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the pledge at the place of Dhul-Hulaifah. He said: No, however, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed prayer there. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) certainly took the pledge near the tree at the place of Hudaybiyyah. Abu Zubair informed us that he heard from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) made supplication at the well of Hudaybiyyah.
Hadith 10799
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ وَكَانَ أَحَدَ الرَّهْطِ الَّذِينَ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِمْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَلَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذَا مَا أَتَوْكَ لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ [التوبة: 92] قَالَ إِنِّي لَآخِذٌ بِغُصْنٍ مِنْ أَغْصَانِ الشَّجَرَةِ أُظِلُّ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُمْ يُبَايِعُونَهُ فَقَالُوا نُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ قَالَ لَا وَلَكِنْ لَا تَفِرُّوا
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him), this Companion is among those regarding whom this verse was revealed: {وَلَا عَلَی الَّذِینَ إِذَا مَا أَتَوْکَ لِتَحْمِلَہُمْ} … And nor upon those who, when they came to you so that you might provide them with mounts. (Surah At-Tawbah: 92). This Companion narrates that (on the day of Hudaybiyyah) the Companions were pledging allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I was holding a branch of a tree, shading the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Companions said: We pledge allegiance to you unto death. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: No, rather you pledge that you will not flee from the battlefield.
Hadith 10800
عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ قَالَ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْأَكْوَعِ أَلَا تُبَايِعُ قَالَ قُلْتُ قَدْ بَايَعْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَيْضًا قُلْتُ عَلَامَ قَالَ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ
It is narrated from Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) that I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (at Hudaybiyyah along with the other people), but then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “O son of Akwa’! Will you not pledge allegiance?” I said: O Messenger of Allah! I have already pledged allegiance to you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do it again.” I said: Upon what should I pledge allegiance, O Messenger of Allah? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Upon death.”
Hadith 10801
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِسَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ عَلَى أَيِّ شَيْءٍ بَايَعْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ قَالَ بَايَعْنَا عَلَى الْمَوْتِ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Yazid bin Abi Ubaid that I asked Sayyiduna Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him): On what did you people pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Hudaybiyyah? He said: On death.
Hadith 10802
عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَالَ كَانَ أَبِي مِمَّنْ بَايَعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ بَيْعَةَ الرِّضْوَانِ فَقَالَ انْطَلَقْنَا فِي قَابِلٍ حَاجِّينَ فَعُمِّيَ عَلَيْنَا مَكَانُهَا فَإِنْ كَانَتْ بَيَّنَتْ لَكُمْ فَأَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ
Saeed bin Musayyib narrates from his father, and his father was among those who pledged allegiance (Bay'at al-Ridwan) to the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) under the tree. He said: When we went the following year with the intention of Hajj, it became difficult for us to recognize the place of that tree. (That is, it became difficult to determine under which tree and at which place we had pledged allegiance.) If that place has become clear to you, then you would know better about it. The purpose of the companion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in saying this is that even in the following year, we could not have certain knowledge of that tree and its place. If someone after us has come to know about it, then his knowledge would be more than ours. The meaning is that no one has certain knowledge of it. (Abdullah Rafiq)
Hadith 10803
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنْ طَارِقٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ الشَّجَرَةُ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ مَعَهُمْ فَنَسُوهَا مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Tariq bin Abdur Rahman that the tree of allegiance was mentioned in the presence of Saeed bin Musayyib. He said: My father told me that he was also with the Companions that year (i.e., the year of Hudaybiyyah), but when he went with the Companions the following year, they had forgotten that tree.
Hadith 10804
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنَّا يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ أَلْفًا وَأَرْبَعَ مِائَةٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْتُمُ الْيَوْمَ خَيْرُ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Hudaybiyyah our number was fourteen hundred. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to us: Today, you are the best of all the people on the face of the earth.
Hadith 10805
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ أَحَدٌ مِمَّنْ بَايَعَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: None of those who pledged allegiance under the tree will enter Hell.
Hadith 10806
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ عُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَكَانَتْ بَيْعَةُ الرِّضْوَانِ بَعْدَ مَا ذَهَبَ عُثْمَانُ فَضَرَبَ بِهَا يَدَهُ عَلَى يَدِهِ وَقَالَ هَذِهِ لِعُثْمَانَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent Sayyiduna Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, to Makkah Mukarramah. After he had gone, the pledge of Ridwan took place. During this pledge, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, struck one of his hands upon the other and said: "This is on behalf of Uthman."
Hadith 10807
حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ أَنَّ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَقْبَلْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ حَتَّى نَزَلْنَا السُّقْيَا فَقَالَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ مَنْ يَسْقِينَا فِي أَسْقِيَتِنَا قَالَ جَابِرٌ فَخَرَجْتُ فِي فِئَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الْمَاءَ الَّذِي بِالْأُثَايَةِ وَبَيْنَهُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِيلًا فَسَقَيْنَا فِي أَسْقِيَتِنَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بَعْدَ عَتَمَةٍ إِذَا رَجُلٌ يُنَازِعُهُ بَعِيرُهُ إِلَى الْحَوْضِ فَقَالَ أَوْرِدْ فَإِذَا هُوَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَوْرَدَ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ بِزِمَامِ نَاقَتِهِ فَأَنَخْتُهَا فَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعَتَمَةَ وَجَابِرٌ فِيمَا ذَكَرَ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى بَعْدَهَا ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَجْدَةً
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We returned from Hudaybiyyah with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and we stopped at the place of Suqya. (There was a shortage of water there.) Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Who will give us water to drink? So I set out with a few young men from the Ansar, until we reached the water of Athayah, which was about twenty-three (23) miles from there, and we filled our water skins and brought them back. Night had fallen, and we saw a man whose camel was pulling him towards the water trough. He also said: Drink. When we looked, it was the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). So the camel drank water, then I took hold of the bridle of your (peace and blessings be upon him) she-camel and made it sit down, and you (peace and blessings be upon him) stood there and performed the Isha prayer. According to the statement of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), he also prayed at your (peace and blessings be upon him) side. After that, you (peace and blessings be upon him) performed thirteen rak‘ahs (standing in prayer at night).
