Fath al-Rabbani

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Bara’ bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to perform ‘Umrah in the month of Dhu al-Qa‘dah, but the people of Makkah did not allow him to enter Makkah, until an agreement was made between him and them that he would be able to stay in Makkah for three days the following year. When the wording of the agreement was being written, they wrote: “This is the agreement upon which Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, has agreed.” The Quraysh said: “We do not acknowledge that you are the Messenger of Allah. If we acknowledged you as the Messenger of Allah, we would not prevent you from anything. You are Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah (write only this).” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I am the Messenger of Allah and I am also Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): “Erase the words ‘Messenger of Allah.’” He replied: “By Allah! I will never erase it.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the paper; he could not write well. In another narration, the words are: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): “Erase these words.” He replied: “I cannot erase these words.” So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) erased the words with his own hand. After that, Sayyiduna ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote in place of “the Messenger of Allah”: “This is the agreement upon which Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah has made peace; he will not enter Makkah with weapons, only swords will be with them and those too in their sheaths, and they will not take anyone from the people of Makkah with them, except one who wishes to follow him. And if any of their companions wishes to remain permanently in Makkah, they will not prevent him.” The following year, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Makkah and the appointed time passed, the Quraysh came to Sayyiduna ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: “Tell your Messenger that the appointed time has passed, now leave from here.” So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) departed from there.

(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Bara’ (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Hudaybiyyah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made an agreement with the polytheists on three matters: one was that if anyone left the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and joined the Quraysh, the Quraysh would not return him, but if anyone from the people of Makkah came to the Muslims, they would return him; the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions would come to Makkah the following year with the intention of performing ‘Umrah and would stay only three days, and they would not display weapons, they would have only swords and those too in their sheaths, and only bows, etc.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Quraysh made a treaty with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Suhail bin Amr was also in their delegation. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): Write “In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.” Suhail said: We do not know what “In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful” is. Write only the phrase that we know, write “In Your name, O Allah.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Write, “This treaty is from Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah.” At this point, it is as mentioned, whereas in general narrations it is stated that if anyone from the people of Makkah becomes Muslim, he will not be able to go with you.

Upon this, Suhail said: If we believed that you are the Messenger of Allah, we would have followed you. Do this: write your name and your father's name. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Write, “This treaty is from Muhammad, son of Abdullah.” They made this condition with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that if any of your people (comes to us), we will not return him, but if any of our men comes to you, you will return him to us. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) submitted: O Messenger of Allah! Should we write this condition as well? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes! Whoever leaves us and goes to them, may Allah keep him away from us.