الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الخامسة للهجرةMost Important Events of the Fifth Year of Hijrah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي زِوَاجِهِ ﷺ بِزَينَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشِ رضي الله عنها وَنُزُولِ آيَةِ الْحِجَابِ
Chapter: What has been reported regarding his ﷺ marriage to Zaynab bint Jahsh, may Allah be pleased with her, and the revelation of the verse of hijab
Hadith 10778
حَدَّثَنَا بَهْزٌ وَحَدَّثَنَا هَاشِمٌ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّةُ زَيْنَبَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِزَيْدٍ اذْهَبْ فَاذْكُرْهَا عَلَيَّ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى أَتَاهَا قَالَ وَهِيَ تُخَمِّرُ عَجِينَهَا فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهَا عَظُمَتْ فِي صَدْرِي حَتَّى مَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرَهَا فَوَلَّيْتُهَا ظَهْرِي وَرَكَضْتُ عَلَى عَقِبَيَّ فَقُلْتُ يَا زَيْنَبُ أَبْشِرِي أَرْسَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَذْكُرُكِ قَالَتْ مَا أَنَا بِصَانِعَةٍ شَيْئًا حَتَّى أُؤَامِرَ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَامَتْ إِلَى مَسْجِدِهَا وَنَزَلَ يَعْنِي الْقُرْآنَ وَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ قَالَ وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَطْعَمَنَا الْخُبْزَ وَاللَّحْمَ قَالَ هَاشِمٌ حِينَ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَطَبَهَا قَالَ هَاشِمٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا حِينَ أُدْخِلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُطْعِمْنَا الْخُبْزَ وَاللَّحْمَ فَخَرَجَ النَّاسُ وَبَقِيَ رِجَالٌ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ فِي الْبَيْتِ بَعْدَ الطَّعَامِ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاتَّبَعْتُهُ فَجَعَلَ يَتَتَبَّعُ حُجَرَ نِسَائِهِ فَجَعَلَ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِنَّ وَيَقُلْنَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ أَهْلَكَ قَالَ فَمَا أَدْرِي أَنَا أَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ قَدْ خَرَجُوا أَوْ أُخْبِرَ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ فَذَهَبْتُ أَدْخُلُ مَعَهُ فَأَلْقَى السِّتْرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ وَنَزَلَ الْحِجَابُ قَالَ وَوُعِظَ الْقَوْمُ بِمَا وُعِظُوا بِهِ قَالَ هَاشِمٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ {لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ وَلَا مُسْتَأْنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍ إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ يُؤْذِي النَّبِيَّ فَيَسْتَحْيِي مِنْكُمْ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ} [الأحزاب: 53]
It is narrated from Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the waiting period (‘iddah) of Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her) was completed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him): Go and give her my proposal of marriage. He went to her; she was kneading dough at that time. Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When I saw her, I felt such a great status of hers in my heart that I did not have the courage to look at her, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had mentioned her with the intention of making her his wife. So I turned my back towards her and turned around on my heels and said: Zainab! Glad tidings to you, for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has sent me; he remembers you to make you his wife. She replied: I will not say anything until I consult my Lord. After that, she stood in the place designated for prayer in her house. During this time, verses of the Noble Qur’an were revealed, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to her without permission. Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fed us meat and bread. Imam Ahmad’s shaykh, Hashim, narrates that he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave this food, and then I realized that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had given her the proposal of marriage. Hashim also narrates in his hadith that when Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her) was sent to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) fed us meat and bread. After the people had eaten, they left, but some people remained in the house, sitting and talking. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went outside and began to visit the chambers of his wives; I was following behind him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter each chamber, greet his wives, and they would ask: O Messenger of Allah! How did you find your wife? Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I do not remember whether I informed you or someone else came and informed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that the people had left. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) came into his house. I was about to enter as well, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) hung a curtain between himself and me, and the command of hijab was revealed. And the people were greatly admonished. Imam Ahmad’s shaykh, Hashim, narrated in his hadith that by the command of hijab here, these verses are meant: {لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُیُوتَ النَّبِیِّ إِلَّا أَنْ یُؤْذَنَ لَکُمْ إِلٰی طَعَامٍ غَیْرَ نَاظِرِینَ إِنَاہُ … … وَلَا مُسْتَأْنِسِینَ لِحَدِیثٍ إِنَّ ذٰلِکُمْ کَانَ یُؤْذِی النَّبِیَّ فَیَسْتَحْیِی مِنْکُمْ وَاللّٰہُ لَا یَسْتَحْیِی مِنَ الْحَقِّ … } … O you who believe! Do not enter the houses of the Prophet without permission, unless you are invited for a meal, and do not wait for its preparation. But when you are invited, then enter, and when you have eaten, then disperse, and do not linger, engaging in conversation. Indeed, this behavior annoys the Prophet, and he is shy of you, but Allah is not shy of (telling) the truth. And when you ask (his wives) for anything, ask them from behind a curtain. This is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not proper for you to annoy the Messenger of Allah, nor to ever marry his wives after him. Indeed, that would be a great sin in the sight of Allah. (Surah Al-Ahzab: 53)
Hadith 10779
عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ مَا أَوْلَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ أَكْثَرَ وَأَفْضَلَ مِمَّا أَوْلَمَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ فَقَالَ ثَابِتٌ الْبُنَانِيُّ فَمَا أَوْلَمَ قَالَ أَطْعَمَهُمْ خُبْزًا وَلَحْمًا حَتَّى تَرَكُوهُ
It is narrated from Abdul Aziz bin Suhaib that I heard Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give a wedding feast (walima) on the occasion of marrying any of his wives like the one he gave after marrying Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyida Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her). Thabit Banani asked: With what did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) give the walima? He replied: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fed the people so much bread and meat that they ate to their fill, and still some was left over, meaning the food remained.
Hadith 10780
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْلَمَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ مَا أَوْلَمَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ قَالَ فَأَوْلَمَ بِشَاةٍ أَوْ ذَبَحَ شَاةً
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I have not seen that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a wedding feast on the occasion of marrying any other wife as much as he did on the occasion of marrying Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a wedding feast by slaughtering a goat.
Hadith 10781
عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَوْلَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِزَيْنَبَ فَأَشْبَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خُبْزًا وَلَحْمًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ كَمَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ فَيَأْتِي حُجَرَ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَيُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِنَّ وَيَدْعُو لَهُنَّ وَيُسَلِّمْنَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَدْعُونَ لَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْبَابِ إِذَا رَجُلَانِ قَدْ جَرَى بَيْنَهُمَا الْحَدِيثُ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْبَيْتِ فَلَمَّا أَبْصَرَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ انْصَرَفَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى الرَّجُلَانِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ رَجَعَ وَثَبَا فَزِعَيْنِ فَخَرَجَا فَلَا أَدْرِي أَنَا أَخْبَرْتُهُ أَوْ مَنْ أَخْبَرَهُ فَرَجَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the occasion of the marriage of the Mother of the Believers, Sayyida Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) held a wedding feast (walima) and fed the Muslims bread and meat to their fill. After that, as was his custom, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went out, just as he used to do after getting married previously. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would go to the chambers of the Mothers of the Believers, greet them with peace, pray for them, and in response, they would also greet him with peace and pray for him. After this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned, and I was with him. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reached near the door, there were still two men inside the house engaged in conversation. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw them, he turned back. When those two saw that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had left, they quickly got up in a hurry and left. I do not remember whether I informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) or someone else informed him (that those men had also left), then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned.
Hadith 10782
عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَتْ زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ تَفْخَرُ عَلَى نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْكَحَنِي مِنَ السَّمَاءِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyidah Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say to the other wives with pride: My marriage was performed by Allah Almighty from the heavens.
