الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الأولى للهجرةMost Important Events of the First Year of Hijrah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي مُنَاوَاةِ الْيَهُودِ وَمُنَافِقِي الْمَدِينَةِ للنبي صلَّى اللهُ عَليهِ وسَلمَ
Chapter: What has been reported regarding the hostility of the Jews and hypocrites of Madinah towards the Prophet ﷺ
Hadith 10677
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَقْبَلَتْ يَهُودُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ فَإِنْ أَنْبَأْتَنَا بِهِنَّ عَرَفْنَا أَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ وَاتَّبَعْنَاكَ فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا أَخَذَ إِسْرَائِيلُ عَلَى بَنِيهِ إِذْ قَالُوا {اللَّهُ عَلَى مَا نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌ} قَالَ هَاتُوا قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا عَنْ عَلَامَةِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ تَنَامُ عَيْنَاهُ وَلَا يَنَامُ قَلْبُهُ قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا كَيْفَ تُؤَنِّثُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَكَيْفَ تُذَكِّرُ قَالَ يَلْتَقِي الْمَاءَانِ فَإِذَا عَلَا مَاءُ الرَّجُلِ مَاءَ الْمَرْأَةِ أَذْكَرَتْ وَإِذَا عَلَا مَاءُ الْمَرْأَةِ أَنَّثَتْ قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا مَا حَرَّمَ إِسْرَائِيلُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ قَالَ كَانَ يَشْتَكِي عِرْقَ النَّسَا فَلَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئًا يُلَائِمُهُ إِلَّا أَلْبَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ قَالَ أَبِي قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَعْنِي الْإِبِلَ فَحَرَّمَ لُحُومَهَا قَالُوا صَدَقْتَ قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا مَا هَذَا الرَّعْدُ قَالَ مَلَكٌ مِنْ مَلَائِكَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مُوَكَّلٌ بِالسَّحَابِ بِيَدِهِ أَوْ فِي يَدِهِ مِخْرَاقٌ مِنْ نَارٍ يَزْجُرُ بِهِ السَّحَابَ يَسُوقُهُ حَيْثُ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ قَالُوا فَمَا هَذَا الصَّوْتُ الَّذِي يُسْمَعُ قَالَ صَوْتُهُ قَالُوا صَدَقْتَ إِنَّمَا بَقِيَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ وَهِيَ الَّتِي نُبَايِعُكَ إِنْ أَخْبَرْتَنَا بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلَّا لَهُ مَلَكٌ يَأْتِيهِ بِالْخَبَرِ فَأَخْبِرْنَا مَنْ صَاحِبُكَ قَالَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالُوا جِبْرِيلُ ذَاكَ الَّذِي يَنْزِلُ بِالْحَرْبِ وَالْقِتَالِ وَالْعَذَابِ عَدُوُّنَا لَوْ قُلْتَ مِيكَائِيلَ الَّذِي يَنْزِلُ بِالرَّحْمَةِ وَالنَّبَاتِ وَالْقَطْرِ لَكَانَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِجِبْرِيلَ} إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Jews came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Abul Qasim! We will ask you about five things; if you answer them, we will recognize that you are a true Prophet and we will follow you. You took a covenant from them in the same way that Yaqub (peace be upon him) took a covenant from his sons, when they said that Allah is a witness over what we are saying. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Present your questions.
(1) They said: Tell us the sign of a Prophet. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The eyes of a Prophet sleep, but his heart does not sleep.
(2) They said: Tell us how male and female are created? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The essence of water from man and woman mixes; when the man’s water prevails over the woman’s water, a male is born, and when the woman’s essence of water prevails, a female is born.
(3) They said: Tell us what Yaqub (peace be upon him) made unlawful for himself? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He had the disease of sciatica; only the milk of she-camels suited him, so when he recovered, he made the meat of camels unlawful for himself. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(4) They said: Tell us, what is thunder? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is an angel among the angels of Allah, who is in charge of the clouds. In the hand of this angel is a whip of fire, with which he drives the clouds to the place where Allah has commanded. They said: What is the sound that is heard? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is the sound of that whip. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(5) They said: One thing remains; if you answer it, we will pledge allegiance to you. It is that every Prophet has an angel appointed to him who brings him goodness, that is, revelation. Tell us, who is your angel companion? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jibreel (peace be upon him). This time they said: Jibreel, he brings war, fighting, and punishment; he is our enemy. If you had said Mika’il, who descends with mercy, vegetation, and rain, then it would have been acceptable. At that time, Allah revealed this verse: {قُلْ مَنْ کَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِیْلَ فَاِنَّہ نَزَّلَہ عَلٰی قَلْبِکَ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰہِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَیْنَیَدَیْہِ وَھُدًی وَّبُشْرٰی لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ۔} … Say: Whoever is an enemy to Jibreel, for indeed he has brought it (the Qur’an) down upon your heart by Allah’s permission, confirming what was before it and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers. (Surah Al-Baqarah: 97)
(1) They said: Tell us the sign of a Prophet. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The eyes of a Prophet sleep, but his heart does not sleep.
(2) They said: Tell us how male and female are created? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The essence of water from man and woman mixes; when the man’s water prevails over the woman’s water, a male is born, and when the woman’s essence of water prevails, a female is born.
(3) They said: Tell us what Yaqub (peace be upon him) made unlawful for himself? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He had the disease of sciatica; only the milk of she-camels suited him, so when he recovered, he made the meat of camels unlawful for himself. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(4) They said: Tell us, what is thunder? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is an angel among the angels of Allah, who is in charge of the clouds. In the hand of this angel is a whip of fire, with which he drives the clouds to the place where Allah has commanded. They said: What is the sound that is heard? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is the sound of that whip. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(5) They said: One thing remains; if you answer it, we will pledge allegiance to you. It is that every Prophet has an angel appointed to him who brings him goodness, that is, revelation. Tell us, who is your angel companion? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jibreel (peace be upon him). This time they said: Jibreel, he brings war, fighting, and punishment; he is our enemy. If you had said Mika’il, who descends with mercy, vegetation, and rain, then it would have been acceptable. At that time, Allah revealed this verse: {قُلْ مَنْ کَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِیْلَ فَاِنَّہ نَزَّلَہ عَلٰی قَلْبِکَ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰہِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَیْنَیَدَیْہِ وَھُدًی وَّبُشْرٰی لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ۔} … Say: Whoever is an enemy to Jibreel, for indeed he has brought it (the Qur’an) down upon your heart by Allah’s permission, confirming what was before it and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers. (Surah Al-Baqarah: 97)
Hadith 10678
عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَأَلْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْقِرَدَةِ وَالْخَنَازِيرِ أَهِيَ مِنْ نَسْلِ الْيَهُودِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَلْعَنْ قَوْمًا قَطُّ فَمَسَخَهُمْ فَكَانَ لَهُمْ نَسْلٌ حَتَّى يُهْلِكَهُمْ وَلَكِنْ هَذَا خَلْقٌ كَانَ فَلَمَّا غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْيَهُودِ مَسَخَهُمْ فَجَعَلَهُمْ مِثْلَهُمْ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about monkeys and pigs, whether they are from the transformed descendants of the Jews? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It has never happened that Allah Almighty cursed a people, transformed them, and then let their lineage continue; in fact, this creation existed before they were transformed. When Allah Almighty became angry with the Jews, He made them resemble these creatures.
Hadith 10679
عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ لَبِيدٍ أَخِي بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ سَلَامَةَ بْنِ وَقْشٍ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ لَنَا جَارٌ مِنْ يَهُودَ فِي بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا يَوْمًا مِنْ بَيْتِهِ قَبْلَ مَبْعَثِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِيَسِيرٍ فَوَقَفَ عَلَى مَجْلِسِ عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ قَالَ سَلَمَةُ وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ أَحْدَثُ مَنْ فِيهِ سِنًّا عَلَيَّ بُرْدَةٌ مُضْطَجِعًا فِيهَا بِفِنَاءِ أَهْلِي فَذَكَرَ الْبَعْثَ وَالْقِيَامَةَ وَالْحِسَابَ وَالْمِيزَانَ وَالْجَنَّةَ وَالنَّارَ فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ لِقَوْمٍ أَهْلِ شِرْكٍ أَصْحَابِ أَوْثَانٍ لَا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّ بَعْثًا كَائِنٌ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالُوا لَهُ وَيْحَكَ يَا فُلَانُ تَرَى هَذَا كَائِنًا إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُبْعَثُونَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِمْ إِلَى دَارٍ فِيهَا جَنَّةٌ وَنَارٌ يُجْزَوْنَ فِيهَا بِأَعْمَالِهِمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَالَّذِي يُحْلَفُ بِهِ لَوَدَّ أَنَّ لَهُ بِحَظِّهِ مِنْ تِلْكَ النَّارِ أَعْظَمَ تَنُّورٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا يُحَمُّونَهُ ثُمَّ يُدْخِلُونَهُ إِيَّاهُ فَيُطْبَقُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنْ يَنْجُوَ مِنْ تِلْكَ النَّارِ غَدًا قَالُوا لَهُ وَيْحَكَ وَمَا آيَةُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ نَبِيٌّ يُبْعَثُ مِنْ نَحْوِ هَذِهِ الْبِلَادِ وَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ نَحْوَ مَكَّةَ وَالْيَمَنِ قَالُوا وَمَتَى تَرَاهُ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ وَأَنَا مِنْ أَحْدَثِهِمْ سِنًّا فَقَالَ إِنْ يَسْتَنْفِدْ هَذَا الْغُلَامُ عُمُرَهُ يُدْرِكْهُ قَالَ سَلَمَةُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا ذَهَبَ اللَّيْلُ وَالنَّهَارُ حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى رَسُولَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ حَيٌّ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا فَآمَنَّا بِهِ وَكَفَرَ بِهِ بَغْيًا وَحَسَدًا فَقُلْنَا وَيْلَكَ يَا فُلَانُ أَلَسْتَ بِالَّذِي قُلْتَ لَنَا فِيهِ مَا قُلْتَ قَالَ بَلَى وَلَيْسَ بِهِ
Sayyiduna Mahmood bin Lubaid from the tribe of Banu Abdul-Ashhal narrates from Salamah bin Salamah bin Waqsh, who was among the Companions of Badr. He says that a Jew from the tribe of Banu Abdul-Ashhal was our neighbor. A few days before the advent of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), one day he came out of his house and stood in a gathering of the tribe of Abdul-Ashhal. Salamah says: I was the youngest present there that day. I was lying in front of my house, wrapped in a sheet. That Jew mentioned resurrection after death, the Day of Judgment, reckoning, the scale, and Paradise and Hell. He spoke of these things before people who were polytheists and idol worshippers, who did not believe in resurrection after death. They said to him: "What is this? Do you also say that this will happen, and people will be raised in another world after death, where there will be Paradise and Hell, and people will be rewarded for their deeds?" He said: "Yes, by the One by whom oaths are sworn! I would even prefer that there be a great furnace of fire in this world, and people enter it, and then it is closed over them, and I am saved from the fire of Hell tomorrow." The people said to him: "Woe to you, what is its sign?" He pointed towards Makkah and Yemen and said: "A Prophet will be sent from those regions." The people asked him: "When will we be able to see him?" He looked at me—I was the youngest among them—and said: "If this boy lives, he will see him before his life ends." Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: "By Allah! Only a few days and nights had passed when Allah sent His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was alive among us. So we believed in him, but that Jew disbelieved in him out of hatred and envy. We said to him: 'O so-and-so! Woe to you! Are you not the one who told us about this Prophet and informed us?' He said: 'Yes, of course, but this is not that Prophet.'"
Hadith 10680
عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ الزُّهْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ مَرَّ بِي يَهُودِيٌّ وَأَنَا قَائِمٌ خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَوَضَّأُ قَالَ فَقَالَ ارْفَعْ أَوِ اكْشِفْ ثَوْبَهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ قَالَ فَذَهَبْتُ بِهِ أَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ فَنَضَحَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي وَجْهِي مِنَ الْمَاءِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah Zahri, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was performing ablution and I was standing behind him. A Jew passed by me and said, "Lift the cloth from his back." So I began to lift your cloth upwards, then the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, sprinkled water on my face.
Hadith 10681
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ جَاءَ جُرْمُقَانِيٌّ إِلَى أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ صَاحِبُكُمْ هَذَا الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتُهُ لَأَعْلَمَنَّ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ أَوْ غَيْرُ نَبِيٍّ قَالَ فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ الْجُرْمُقَانِيُّ اقْرَأْ عَلَيَّ أَوْ قُصَّ عَلَيَّ فَتَلَا عَلَيْهِ آيَاتٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فَقَالَ الْجُرْمُقَانِيُّ هَذَا وَاللَّهِ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مُنْكَرٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man from the non-Arab nation of Jarmaq came to the noble Companions and said: "Where is that person among you who claims to be a Prophet? I want to ask him something so that I may know whether he is a Prophet or not." Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived, and this man from Jarmaq said: "Recite or explain something before me." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited a few verses from the Book of Allah before him. The man from Jarmaq said: "By Allah! Musa (peace be upon him) also brought such teachings." Abdullah bin Ahmad said that this hadith is munkar (unacceptable).
