الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب التوبةBook of Repentance
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي كَيْفِيَّةِ التَّوْبَةِ وَمَا يَفْعَلُ مَنْ أَرَادَ انْ يَتُوْبَ
Chapter: What has been reported regarding the manner of repentance and what one who wishes to repent should do
Hadith 10173
حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مِسْعَرٌ وَسُفْيَانُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الْوَالِبِي عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الْفَزَارِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ إِذَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا نَفَعَنِي اللَّهُ بِمَا شَاءَ مِنْهُ وَإِذَا حَدَّثَنِي عَنْهُ غَيْرِي اسْتَحْلَفْتُهُ فَإِذَا حَلَفَ لِي صَدَّقْتُهُ وَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَدَّثَنِي وَصَدَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُذْنِبُ ذَنْبًا فَيَتَوَضَّأُ فَيُحْسِنُ الْوُضُوءَ قَالَ مِسْعَرٌ وَيُصَلِّي قَالَ سُفْيَانُ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَيَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَّا غَفَرَ لَهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: When I heard any hadith from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Allah Almighty granted me benefit from it as much as He willed. But when any other person narrated a hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I would make him swear an oath; if he swore an oath, I would believe him. And Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to me—and Abu Bakr is truthful—he said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever commits a sin, then performs ablution well and offers two units of prayer, and asks Allah Almighty for forgiveness, Allah Almighty forgives him.
Hadith 10174
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ إِذَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثًا فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ وَفِيهِ ثُمَّ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لِذَلِكَ الذَّنْبِ إِلَّا غَفَرَ لَهُ وَقَرَأَ هَاتَيْنِ الْآيَتَيْنِ {وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ سُوءًا أَوْ يَظْلِمْ نَفْسَهُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ يَجِدِ اللَّهَ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا} [النساء: 110] {وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا فَعَلُوا فَاحِشَةً أَوْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ} [آل عمران: 135] الْآيَةَ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: When I myself heard a hadith from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), then he mentioned a hadith similar to the previous one, but with this detail: Then he seeks forgiveness from Allah Almighty for that sin, and Allah Almighty forgives him. Then he recited these two verses: {وَمَنْ یَعْمَلْ سُوْئً اَوْ یَظْلِمْ نَفْسَہُ ثُمَّ یَسْتَغْفِرِ اللّٰہَ یَجِدِ اللّٰہَ غَفُوْرًا رَحِیْمًا} And whoever does evil or wrongs himself but afterwards seeks forgiveness of Allah, he will find Allah Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. And {وَالَّذِیْنَ اِذَا فَعَلُوْا فَاحِشَۃً اَوْ ظَلَمُوْٓا اَنْفُسَھُمْ ذَکَرُوا اللّٰہَ فَاسْتَغْفَرُوْا لِذُنُوْبِھِمْ وَ مَنْ یَّغْفِرُ الذُّنُوْبَ اِلَّا اللّٰہُ وَلَمْ یُصِرُّوْا عَلٰی مَا فَعَلُوْا وَھُمْ یَعْلَمُوْنَ } And those who, when they commit an indecency or wrong themselves, remember Allah and seek forgiveness for their sins—and who forgives sins except Allah?—and they do not persist in what they have done while they know.
Hadith 10175
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ النَّدَمُ تَوْبَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَقَالَ مَرَّةً سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ النَّدَمُ تَوْبَةٌ
Abdullah bin Ma’qil says: I went with my father to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him). He asked: Have you heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Remorse is repentance? He said: Yes.
Hadith 10176
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَفَّارَةُ الذَّنْبِ النَّدَامَةُ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَوْ لَمْ تُذْنِبُوا لَجَاءَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِقَوْمٍ يُذْنِبُونَ لِيَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The expiation for sin is remorse. Also, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you do not commit sins, Allah Almighty will bring a people who will commit sins and Allah Almighty will forgive them.
Hadith 10177
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ التَّوْبَةُ مِنَ الذَّنْبِ أَنْ يَتُوبَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ لَا يَعُودَ فِيهِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The requirement of repentance from a sin is that the servant repents from it and then does not commit it again.
Hadith 10178
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنْ كُنْتِ الْمَمْتِ بِذَنْبٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرِي اللَّهَ فَإِنَّ التَّوْبَةَ مِنَ الذَّنْبِ النَّدَمُ وَالِاسْتِغْفَارُ
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Aisha! If you commit a sin, then seek forgiveness from Allah Almighty, for indeed repentance from sin is remorse and seeking forgiveness.
Hadith 10179
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ مَظْلَمَةٌ مِنْ أَخِيهِ مِنْ عِرْضِهِ أَوْ مَالِهِ فَلْيَتَحَلَّلْهُ الْيَوْمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ حِينَ لَا يَكُونُ دِينَارٌ وَلَا دِرْهَمٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ أُخِذَ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَظْلَمَتِهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ أُخِذَ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ صَاحِبِهِ فَجُعِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ
Syedna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever has wronged his brother in respect of his honor or wealth, let him seek his forgiveness today, before the day comes when he will be held accountable and there will be neither dinar nor dirham. (On that day, the matter will be settled in such a way that) if he (the oppressor) has good deeds, then his good deeds will be taken from him in proportion to his wrongdoing, and if he does not have good deeds, then the sins of the oppressed people will be cast upon him.
