الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
تفسير من سورة محمد إلى سورة التحريمInterpretation from Surah Muhammad to Surah At-Tahrim
بَابُ: «وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُنَادُونَكَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحُجُرَاتِ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ»
Chapter: "Indeed, those who call you from behind the chambers—most of them do not use reason"
Hadith 8758
عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ كَادَ الْخَيِّرَانِ أَنْ يَهْلِكَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا لَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفْدُ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ أَشَارَ أَحَدُهُمَا بِالْأَقْرَعِ بْنِ حَابِسٍ الْحَنْظَلِيِّ أَخِي بَنِي مُجَاشِعٍ وَأَشَارَ الْآخَرُ بِغَيْرِهِ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِعُمَرَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتَ خِلَافِي فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا أَرَدْتُ خِلَافَكَ فَارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُهُمَا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَزَلَتْ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {عَظِيمٌ} [الحجرات: 2] قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ فَكَانَ عُمَرُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَعْنِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِذَا حَدَّثَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدَّثَهُ كَأَخِي السِّرَارِ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَفْهِمَهُ
It is narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaykah, he says: It was near that the two best men of this Ummah, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), would have perished. The incident was that when the delegation of Banu Tamim came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), one of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) suggested that Aqra’ bin Habis Hanzali should be appointed as their leader, while the other proposed another man (Qaqa’ bin Ma’bad). Upon this, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): Your intention was to oppose me. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: No, I did not intend to oppose you. Thus, their voices became loud in the presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so these verses were revealed: {یَا أَ یُّہَا الَّذِیْنَ آمَنُوْا لَا تَرْفَعُوْا أَ صْوَاتَکُمْ … … عَظِیمٌ} Ibn Abi Mulaykah narrates that Ibn Zubair (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: After this, when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) spoke to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he would speak like a confidant, to the extent that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would ask him to repeat what he had said.
Hadith 8759
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ} [الحجرات: 2] وَكَانَ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ الشَّمَّاسِ رَفِيعَ الصَّوْتِ فَقَالَ أَنَا الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرْفَعُ صَوْتِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَبِطَ عَمَلِي أَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَجَلَسَ فِي أَهْلِهِ حَزِينًا فَتَفَقَّدَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَانْطَلَقَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا لَهُ تَفَقَّدَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا لَكَ فَقَالَ أَنَا الَّذِي أَرْفَعُ صَوْتِي فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ وَأَجْهَرُ بِالْقَوْلِ حَبِطَ عَمَلِي وَأَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَأَتَوْا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِمَا قَالَ فَقَالَ ((لَا بَلْ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ)) قَالَ أَنَسٌ وَكُنَّا نَرَاهُ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا وَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْيَمَامَةِ كَانَ فِينَا بَعْضُ الِانْكِشَافِ فَجَاءَ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ وَقَدْ تَحَنَّطَ وَلَبِسَ كَفَنَهُ فَقَالَ بِئْسَمَا تُعَوِّدُونَ أَقْرَانَكُمْ فَقَاتَلَهُمْ حَتَّى قُتِلَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that when this verse was revealed: {یٰٓاَیُّہَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تَرْفَعُوْٓا اَصْوَاتَکُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِیِّ وَلَا تَجْہَرُوْا لَہ بِالْقَوْلِ کَجَـہْرِ بَعْضِکُمْ لِبَعْضٍ اَنْ تَحْبَطَ اَعْمَالُکُمْ وَاَنْتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُوْنَ۔} … O you who have believed! Do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak loudly to him as you do to one another, lest your deeds become worthless while you perceive not. Sayyiduna Thabit bin Qais bin Shammas (may Allah be pleased with him), who had a loud voice, said: My voice is louder than the voice of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), my deeds have been wasted, I am among the people of Hell. Thinking this and becoming sad, he sat at home. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) noticed his absence and inquired about him. A man (Sayyiduna Asim bin Adi, may Allah be pleased with him) went to him and said: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has noticed your absence and is searching for you, what is the reason? He replied: I am the one whose voice is louder than the voice of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), because of this loudness I am among the people of Hell, all my deeds have been wasted. He came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and conveyed the words of Sayyiduna Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) to him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: No, rather he is of the people of Paradise. Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: This was our opinion about Sayyiduna Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), that although he walked among us, we believed he was of the people of Paradise. When the Battle of Yamama took place and signs of defeat appeared among us, Sayyiduna Thabit bin Qais bin Shammas (may Allah be pleased with him) came, having applied perfume and wearing his shroud, and said: You have set a bad example for your opponents. Then he fought them until he was martyred.
