الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
تفسير من سورة إبراهيم إلى سورة الشعراءInterpretation from Surah Ibrahim to Surah Ash-Shu'ara
باب: «إن الله يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالإِحْسَان »
Chapter: "Indeed, Allah commands justice and good conduct"
Hadith 8650
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِفِنَاءِ بَيْتِهِ بِمَكَّةَ جَالِسٌ إِذْ مَرَّ بِهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَكَشَرَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَلَا تَجْلِسُ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُسْتَقْبِلَهُ فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ يُحَدِّثُهُ إِذْ شَخَصَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِبَصَرِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَنَظَرَ سَاعَةً إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَأَخَذَ يَضَعُ بَصَرَهُ حَتَّى وَضَعَهُ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَتَحَرَّفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ جَلِيسِهِ عُثْمَانَ إِلَى حَيْثُ وَضَعَ بَصَرَهُ وَأَخَذَ يُنْغِضُ رَأْسَهُ كَأَنَّهُ يَسْتَفْقِهُ مَا يُقَالُ لَهُ وَابْنُ مَظْعُونٍ يَنْظُرُ فَلَمَّا قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ وَاسْتَفْقَهَ مَا يُقَالُ لَهُ شَخَصَ بَصَرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ كَمَا شَخَصَ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ فَأَتْبَعَهُ بَصَرَهُ حَتَّى تَوَارَى فِي السَّمَاءِ فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بِجِلْسَتِهِ الْأُولَى قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فِيمَ كُنْتُ أُجَالِسُكَ وَآتِيكَ مَا رَأَيْتُكَ تَفْعَلُ كَفِعْلِكَ الْغَدَاةَ قَالَ وَمَا رَأَيْتَنِي فَعَلْتُ قَالَ رَأَيْتُكَ تَشْخَصُ بِبَصَرِكَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ وَضَعْتَهُ حَيْثُ وَضَعْتَهُ عَلَى يَمِينِكَ فَتَحَرَّفْتَ إِلَيْهِ وَتَرَكْتَنِي فَأَخَذْتَ تُنْغِضُ رَأْسَكَ كَأَنَّكَ تَسْتَفْقِهُ شَيْئًا يُقَالُ لَكَ قَالَ وَفَطِنْتَ لِذَاكَ قَالَ عُثْمَانُ نَعَمْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ آنِفًا وَأَنْتَ جَالِسٌ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَمَا قَالَ لَكَ قَالَ {إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ وَإِيتَاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى وَيَنْهَى عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنْكَرِ وَالْبَغْيِ يَعِظُكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ} [النحل: 90] قَالَ عُثْمَانُ فَذَلِكَ حِينَ اسْتَقَرَّ الْإِيمَانُ فِي قَلْبِي وَأَحْبَبْتُ مُحَمَّدًا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that once the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting in the courtyard of his house in Makkah when ‘Uthman bin Maz‘un passed by and, seeing the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), smiled jokingly. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Uthman! Will you not sit with us?” He replied: “Why not, of course.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat in front of him and began to converse with him. Suddenly, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his gaze towards the sky and looked at the sky for a while, then lowered his gaze and looked to the right side on the ground. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from his companion ‘Uthman and sat with his head bowed, as if he was understanding something from someone. Ibn Maz‘un was observing this whole scene. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) completed his task and understood what was said to him, then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) again raised his gaze towards the sky, just as he had done the first time, and followed that thing with his gaze until it disappeared. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards ‘Uthman as before. He said: “O Muhammad! Whenever I sit with you or pass by, you have never acted as you did this morning?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “What did you see me doing?” He said: “I saw you raise your gaze towards the sky, then you lowered it to the right, then you turned away from me and left me, and bowed your head as if you were understanding something.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Did you see this state?” ‘Uthman said: “Yes, I saw it.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “While you were sitting, the Messenger of Allah came to me.” ‘Uthman said: “The Messenger of Allah?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Yes.” He said: “Then what did he say?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He said: {إِنَّ اللّٰہَ یَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ وَإِیتَائِ ذِی الْقُرْبٰی وَیَنْہٰی عَنِ الْفَحْشَائِ وَالْمُنْکَرِ وَالْبَغْیِ یَعِظُکُمْ لَعَلَّکُمْ تَذَکَّرُونَ} … Indeed, Allah commands justice, excellence, and giving to relatives, and forbids indecency, evil, and transgression. He admonishes you so that you may take heed.” Sayyiduna ‘Uthman bin Maz‘un says: From that moment, faith found a place in my heart and I began to love Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).
Hadith 8651
عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسًا إِذْ شَخَصَ بِبَصَرِهِ ثُمَّ صَوَّبَهُ حَتَّى كَادَ أَنْ يُلْزِقَهُ بِالْأَرْضِ قَالَ ثُمَّ شَخَصَ بِبَصَرِهِ فَقَالَ أَتَانِي جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَضَعَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ بِهَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ {إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ وَإِيتَاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى وَيَنْهَى عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنْكَرِ وَالْبَغْيِ يَعِظُكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ} [النحل: 90]
Narrated from Sayyiduna Uthman bin Abi Al-Aas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), when suddenly he (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his gaze and then lowered it, and it was as if he (peace and blessings be upon him) would touch the ground. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his gaze and said: Jibreel (peace be upon him) came to me and ordered me to place this verse at such-and-such place in such-and-such surah: {إِنَّ اللّٰہَ یَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ وَإِیتَائِ ذِی الْقُرْبٰی وَیَنْہٰی عَنِ الْفَحْشَائِ وَالْمُنْکَرِ وَالْبَغْیِ یَعِظُکُمْ لَعَلَّکُمْ تَذَکَّرُونَ} … Indeed, Allah commands justice, excellence, and giving to relatives, and forbids immorality, evil, and transgression. He admonishes you so that you may take heed.
Hadith 8652
عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ قُتِلَ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَسِتُّونَ رَجُلًا وَمِنْ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ سِتَّةٌ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَئِنْ كَانَ لَنَا يَوْمٌ مِثْلُ هَذَا مِنْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ لَنُرْبِيَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْفَتْحِ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لَا يُعْرَفُ لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فَنَادَى مُنَادِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمِنَ الْأَسْوَدُ وَالْأَبْيَضُ إِلَّا فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا نَاسًا سَمَّاهُمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَلَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِلصَّابِرِينَ} [النحل: 126] فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَصْبِرُ وَلَا نُعَاقِبُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ubayy ibn Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Uhud, sixty-four from the Ansar and six men from the Muhajirin were martyred. Some individuals among the Companions said: Now, if we get a chance someday, we will retaliate many times over. Then, when Makkah was conquered, on that day a man said: After today, the name of Quraysh will not remain. But on the other side, the announcer of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) proclaimed: Whether black or white, everyone has been granted safety, except for such and such, mentioning the names of a few people. Then Allah Almighty revealed this verse: {وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوْا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوْقِبْتُمْ بِہِ وَلَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَہُوَ خَیْرٌ لِلصَّابِرِینَ} … If you retaliate, then retaliate to the extent that you were harmed, but if you are patient, then indeed patience is better for those who are patient. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: We will be patient and will not punish.
