الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
تفسير من سورة الأنفال إلى سورة الرعدInterpretation from Surah Al-Anfal to Surah Ar-Ra'd
بَابُ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: «وَيُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ»
Chapter: His saying, the Exalted: "And the thunder exalts [Allah] with praise of Him"
Hadith 8642
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ أَقْبَلَتْ يَهُودُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ فَإِنْ أَنْبَأْتَنَا بِهِنَّ عَرَفْنَا أَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ وَاتَّبَعْنَاكَ فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا أَخَذَ إِسْرَائِيلُ عَلَى بَنِيهِ إِذْ قَالُوا {اللَّهُ عَلَى مَا نَقُولُ وَكِيلٌ} [يوسف: 66] قَالَ هَاتُوا قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا عَنْ عَلَامَةِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ تَنَامُ عَيْنَاهُ وَلَا يَنَامُ قَلْبُهُ قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا كَيْفَ تُؤَنِّثُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَكَيْفَ تُذْكِرُ قَالَ يَلْتَقِي الْمَاءَانِ فَإِذَا عَلَا مَاءُ الرَّجُلِ مَاءَ الْمَرْأَةِ أَذْكَرَتْ وَإِذَا عَلَا مَاءُ الْمَرْأَةِ آنَثَتْ قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا مَا حَرَّمَ إِسْرَائِيلُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ قَالَ كَانَ يَشْتَكِي عِرْقَ النَّسَا فَلَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئًا يُلَائِمُهُ إِلَّا أَلْبَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ قَالَ أَبِي قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَعْنِي الْإِبِلَ فَحَرَّمَ لُحُومَهَا قَالُوا صَدَقْتَ قَالُوا أَخْبِرْنَا مَا هَذَا الرَّعْدُ قَالَ مَلَكٌ مِنْ مَلَائِكَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مُوَكَّلٌ بِالسَّحَابِ بِيَدِهِ أَوْ فِي يَدِهِ مِخْرَاقٌ مِنْ نَارٍ يَزْجُرُ بِهِ السَّحَابَ يَسُوقُهُ حَيْثُ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ قَالُوا فَمَا هَذَا الصَّوْتُ الَّذِي يُسْمَعُ قَالَ صَوْتُهُ قَالُوا صَدَقْتَ إِنَّمَا بَقِيَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ وَهِيَ الَّتِي نُبَايِعُكَ إِنْ أَخْبَرْتَنَا بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلَّا لَهُ مَلَكٌ يَأْتِيهِ بِالْخَبَرِ فَأَخْبِرْنَا مَنْ صَاحِبُكَ قَالَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالُوا جِبْرِيلُ ذَاكَ الَّذِي يَنْزِلُ بِالْحَرْبِ وَالْقِتَالِ وَالْعَذَابِ عَدُوُّنَا لَوْ قُلْتَ مِيكَائِيلَ الَّذِي يَنْزِلُ بِالرَّحْمَةِ وَالنَّبَاتِ وَالْقَطْرِ لَكَانَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِجِبْرِيلَ} [البقرة: 97] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Jews came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Abul Qasim! We will ask you about five things; if you answer them, we will recognize that you are a true Prophet and we will follow you. You took from them a covenant just as Yaqub (peace be upon him) took a covenant from his sons, when they said that Allah is a witness over what we say. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Present your questions.
(1) They said: Tell us the sign of a Prophet. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The eyes of a Prophet sleep, but his heart does not sleep.
(2) They said: Tell us how male and female are created? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The fluids of man and woman mix; when the man’s fluid prevails over the woman’s, a male is born, and when the woman’s fluid prevails, a female is born.
(3) They said: Tell us what Yaqub (peace be upon him) made unlawful for himself? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He suffered from sciatica, and only the milk of she-camels suited him, so when he recovered, he made the meat of camels unlawful for himself. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(4) They said: Tell us, what is thunder? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is an angel among the angels of Allah, who is in charge of the clouds, or in the hand of this angel is a whip of fire, with which he drives the clouds wherever Allah commands. They said: What is the sound that is heard? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is the sound of that whip. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(5) They said: One question remains; if you answer it, we will pledge allegiance to you. It is that every Prophet has an angel appointed to him who brings him goodness, that is, revelation. Tell us, who is your angel companion? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jibreel (peace be upon him). This time they said: Jibreel, he brings war, fighting, and punishment; he is our enemy. If you had said Mika’il, who descends with mercy, vegetation, and rain, then it would have been acceptable. At that time, Allah revealed this verse: {قُلْ مَنْ کَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِیْلَ فَاِنَّہٗنَزَّلَہٗعَلٰی قَلْبِکَ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰہِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَیْنَیَدَیْہِ وَھُدًی وَّبُشْرٰی لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ۔} (Surah Al-Baqarah: 97) Say: Whoever is an enemy to Jibreel, for indeed he has brought it (the Qur’an) down upon your heart by Allah’s permission, confirming what was before it and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers.
(1) They said: Tell us the sign of a Prophet. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The eyes of a Prophet sleep, but his heart does not sleep.
(2) They said: Tell us how male and female are created? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The fluids of man and woman mix; when the man’s fluid prevails over the woman’s, a male is born, and when the woman’s fluid prevails, a female is born.
(3) They said: Tell us what Yaqub (peace be upon him) made unlawful for himself? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He suffered from sciatica, and only the milk of she-camels suited him, so when he recovered, he made the meat of camels unlawful for himself. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(4) They said: Tell us, what is thunder? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is an angel among the angels of Allah, who is in charge of the clouds, or in the hand of this angel is a whip of fire, with which he drives the clouds wherever Allah commands. They said: What is the sound that is heard? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is the sound of that whip. They said: You have spoken the truth.
(5) They said: One question remains; if you answer it, we will pledge allegiance to you. It is that every Prophet has an angel appointed to him who brings him goodness, that is, revelation. Tell us, who is your angel companion? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jibreel (peace be upon him). This time they said: Jibreel, he brings war, fighting, and punishment; he is our enemy. If you had said Mika’il, who descends with mercy, vegetation, and rain, then it would have been acceptable. At that time, Allah revealed this verse: {قُلْ مَنْ کَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِیْلَ فَاِنَّہٗنَزَّلَہٗعَلٰی قَلْبِکَ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰہِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَیْنَیَدَیْہِ وَھُدًی وَّبُشْرٰی لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ۔} (Surah Al-Baqarah: 97) Say: Whoever is an enemy to Jibreel, for indeed he has brought it (the Qur’an) down upon your heart by Allah’s permission, confirming what was before it and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers.
