الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب تفسير القرآن وفضائل السور والآيات حسب ترتيب النزولChapters on the Interpretation of the Qur'an and the Virtues of Surahs and Verses According to the Order of Revelation
بَابُ سُورَةِ الْفَاتِحَةِ وَ مَا وَرَدَ فِي فَضْلِهَا
Chapter on Surah Al-Fatihah and What Has Been Reported Regarding Its Virtue
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Hadith 8473
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فَقَالَ يَا أُبَيُّ فَالْتَفَتَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّى أُبَيٌّ فَخَفَّفَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ وَعَلَيْكَ قَالَ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَيْ أُبَيُّ إِذْ دَعَوْتُكَ أَنْ تُجِيبَنِي قَالَ أَيْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كُنْتُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ أَفَلَسْتَ تَجِدُ فِيمَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيَّ أَنْ اسْتَجِيبُوا لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ لِمَا يُحْيِيكُمْ قَالَ بَلَى أَيْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا أَعُودُ قَالَ أَتُحِبُّ أَنْ أُعَلِّمَكَ سُورَةً لَمْ تَنْزِلْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَلَا فِي الزَّبُورِ وَلَا فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ وَلَا فِي الْفُرْقَانِ مِثْلُهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ أَيْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ لَا تَخْرُجَ مِنْ هَذَا الْبَابِ حَتَّى تَعْلَمَهَا قَالَ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِيَدِي يُحَدِّثُنِي وَأَنَا أَتَبَطَّأُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ الْحَدِيثَ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْنَا مِنَ الْبَابِ قُلْتُ أَيْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا السُّورَةُ الَّتِي وَعَدْتَنِي قَالَ فَكَيْفَ تَقْرَأُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ فَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ أُمَّ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَلَا فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ وَلَا فِي الزَّبُورِ وَلَا فِي الْفُرْقَانِ مِثْلَهَا وَإِنَّهَا لَلسَّبْعُ مِنَ الْمَثَانِي زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِلَفْظٍ إِنَّهَا السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ الَّذِي أُعْطِيتُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) while he was praying. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called again: "O Ubayy!" He paid attention but could not respond. Then he completed his prayer with brevity and afterwards came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! Peace be upon you." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Peace be upon you, O Ubayy! What prevented you from coming when I called you?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah! I was praying." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did you not hear this revelation {اسْتَجِیبُوا لِلَّہِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاکُمْ لِمَا یُحْیِیکُمْ} ... O you who believe, respond to Allah and to the Messenger when he calls you to that which gives you life?" He said: "Yes, indeed, O Messenger of Allah! I will not do so again." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Would you like me to teach you a surah, the like of which has neither been revealed in the Torah, nor in the Psalms, nor in the Gospel, nor in the Noble Qur'an?" I said: "O Messenger of Allah! Please do teach me." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I hope you will not leave through this door until I have taught it to you." Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began to speak with me, and I was walking slowly out of fear that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) might reach the door before these words were finished. Then, when we approached the door, I said: "O Messenger of Allah! Which is the surah you promised to teach me?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What do you recite in prayer?" I replied by reciting Surah Al-Fatihah. Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By Him in Whose hand is my soul! Allah has not revealed a surah like it in the Torah, nor in the Gospel, nor in the Psalms, nor in the Noble Qur'an. These are the seven oft-repeated verses, and this is the Great Qur'an."
Hadith 8474
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ وَأُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَالسَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي
(Second chain) The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Surah Al-Fatihah is the Mother of the Qur’an, the Mother of the Book, and the seven oft-repeated verses.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَيْضًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِي أُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ هِيَ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ وَهِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَهِيَ الْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said regarding Umm al-Qur’an (that is, Surah al-Fatihah): These are the seven verses that are repeatedly recited, and this Surah is called the Great Qur’an.
Hadith 8474
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَيْضًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِي أُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ هِيَ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ وَهِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَهِيَ الْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, said regarding Umm al-Qur’an (that is, Surah al-Fatihah): These are the seven verses that are repeatedly recited, and this Surah is called the Great Qur’an.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ وَأُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَالسَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي
(Second chain) The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Surah Al-Fatihah is the Mother of the Qur’an, the Mother of the Book, and the seven oft-repeated verses.
Hadith 8475
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي فَمَرَّ بِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَعَانِي فَلَمْ آتِهِ حَتَّى صَلَّيْتُ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي قَالَ أَلَمْ يَقُلِ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اسْتَجِيبُوا لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ لِمَا يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا أُعَلِّمُكُمْ أَعْظَمَ سُورَةٍ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ فَذَهَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيَخْرُجَ فَذَكَّرْتُهُ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ هِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ الَّذِي أُوتِيتُهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id bin Mu'alla (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was performing prayer when the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by me and called me, but I could not come until I completed my prayer and then presented myself before him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What prevented you from coming to me? I said: O Messenger of Allah, I was performing prayer. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Did Allah Almighty not say: {یَا أَ یُّہَا الَّذِینَ آمَنُوْا اسْتَجِیبُوا لِلّٰہِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاکُمْ لِمَا یُحْیِیکُمْ} … O you who believe, respond to Allah and to the Messenger when he calls you to that which gives you life? Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Shall I not teach you the greatest Surah of the Qur'an before you leave the mosque? Then when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was about to leave the mosque, I reminded him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is Surah Al-Fatiha; these are the seven verses and the Great Qur'an which I have been given.
Hadith 8476
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ جَابِرٍ بِخَيْرِ سُورَةٍ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ اقْرَأْ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ حَتَّى تَخْتِمَهَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, who says: The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said to me: O Abdullah bin Jabir! Shall I not tell you the best Surah of the Noble Qur’an? I said: Yes, of course, O Messenger of Allah! Please do tell. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Recite {اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰہِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِیْنَ … } until you complete it.
Hadith 8477
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَلَا فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ مِثْلَ أُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ وَهِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَهِيَ مَقْسُومَةٌ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ
Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah Almighty did not reveal any Surah like Surah Al-Fatihah in the Torah nor in the Gospel. These are the seven oft-repeated verses, and this Surah is divided between Me (Allah) and My servant, and for My servant is whatever he asks.
