الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الاشربةBook of Drinks
بَابُ مَا يُتَّخَذُ مِنْهُ الخَمْرُ وَتَحْرِيمُهُ وَأَنَّ كُلَّ مُسْكِرٍحَرَامٌ
Chapter on What Is Used to Make Wine, Its Prohibition, and That Every Intoxicant Is Forbidden
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Hadith 7538
عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ خَمْرٌ وَمِنَ التَّمْرِ خَمْرٌ وَمِنَ الشَّعِيرِ خَمْرٌ وَمِنَ الزَّبِيبِ خَمْرٌ وَمِنَ الْعَسَلِ خَمْرٌ
Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Wine is made from wheat, wine is made from dates, wine is prepared from barley, wine is from dried grapes, and wine is prepared from honey.
Hadith 7539
عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ إِنَّ مِنَ الزَّبِيبِ خَمْرًا وَمِنَ التَّمْرِ خَمْرًا وَمِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ خَمْرًا وَمِنَ الشَّعِيرِ خَمْرًا وَمِنَ الْعَسَلِ خَمْرًا
Sayyiduna Nu’man bin Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Wine is made from munqā (a type of date), dates, wheat, barley, and honey.
Hadith 7540
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ الْخَمْرُ مِنْ هَاتَيْنِ الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ مِنَ النَّخْلَةِ وَالْعِنَبَةِ
Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Wine is made from the fruits of these two trees—date and grape.
Hadith 7541
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْبِتْعِ وَالْبِتْعُ نَبِيذُ الْعَسَلِ وَكَانَ أَهْلُ الْيَمَنِ يَشْرَبُونَهُ فَقَالَ كُلُّ شَرَابٍ أَسْكَرَ فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ
Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about "bit‘" (a drink made from honey; the people of Yemen used to drink this beverage). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Every drink that intoxicates is forbidden.
Hadith 7542
عَنْ عُيَيْنَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ وَإِنَّ أَرْضَنَا أَرْضٌ بَارِدَةٌ فَذَكَرَ مِنْ ضُرُوبِ الشَّرَابِ فَقَالَ اجْتَنِبْ مَا أَسْكَرَ مِنْ زَبِيبٍ أَوْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ مَا تَقُولُ فِي نَبِيذِ الْجَرِّ قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ نَبِيذِ الْجَرِّ
‘Uyainah bin ‘Abd al-Rahman reports that a man came to Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and said: I am a resident of Khurasan and our region is cold. Then he described several types of drinks. He (Ibn ‘Abbas) said: Whatever causes intoxication, avoid it, whether it is made from dried grapes, dates, or anything else. He (the man) asked: What is your opinion about nabidh prepared in a jug? Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade nabidh prepared in a jug.
Hadith 7543
عَنْ سَلَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Every intoxicating substance is forbidden, and whatever causes intoxication, even its small amount is forbidden.
Hadith 7544
عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ خَمْرٌ وَكُلُّ خَمْرٍ حَرَامٌ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Every intoxicating substance is wine, and every wine is forbidden.
Hadith 7545
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: That which intoxicates in large amounts, even its small amount is forbidden.
Hadith 7546
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلُهُ
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) has also narrated a similar hadith of the Prophet.
Hadith 7547
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا أَسْكَرَ الْفَرَقُ مِنْهُ إِذَا شَرِبْتَهُ فَمِلْءُ الْكَفِّ مِنْهُ حَرَامٌ
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whatever causes intoxication in a large amount, even a handful of it is forbidden to drink.
Hadith 7548
عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا تَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ كُلِّ مُسْكِرٍ وَمُفْتِرٍ
Lady Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade every intoxicating thing and every substance that produces languor.
Hadith 7549
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْمُخْتَارَ بْنَ فُلْفُلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ الشُّرْبِ فِي الْأَوْعِيَةِ فَقَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْمُزَفَّتَةِ وَقَالَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَمَا الْمُزَفَّتَةُ قَالَ الْمُقَيَّرَةُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالرَّصَاصُ وَالْقَارُورَةُ قَالَ مَا بَأْسَ بِهِمَا قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ نَاسًا يَكْرَهُونَهُمَا قَالَ دَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَرِيبُكَ فَإِنَّ كُلَّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ صَدَقْتَ السُّكْرُ حَرَامٌ فَالشَّرْبَةُ وَالشَّرْبَتَانِ عَلَى طَعَامِنَا قَالَ مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ وَقَالَ الْخَمْرُ مِنَ الْعِنَبِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالْعَسَلِ وَالْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالذُّرَةِ فَمَا خَمَّرْتَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَهِيَ الْخَمْرُ
Mukhtar bin Fulful says: I asked Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) about drinking beverages from vessels, and he said: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade vessels coated with tar, and said: Every intoxicating thing is forbidden. I asked: What about vessels made of pitch or glass? He said: There is no harm in using them. I said: Some people dislike them. He said: Leave whatever puts you in doubt until the doubt is gone, and indeed every intoxicating thing is forbidden. I said: You speak the truth that intoxicating things are forbidden, but what if after eating, one takes a sip or two? He said: Whatever intoxicates in large quantity, its small quantity is also forbidden. Wine is made from grapes, from dates, from honey, from wheat, from barley, from corn—whichever of these you make wine from, that is the wine which Allah Almighty has declared forbidden.
Hadith 7550
عَنْ أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ أُنَاسًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَعْلَمَهُمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَالسُّنَنَ وَالْفَرَائِضَ ثُمَّ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لَنَا شَرَابًا نَصْنَعُهُ مِنَ الْقَمْحِ وَالشَّعِيرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ الْغُبَيْرَاءُ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ لَا تَطْعَمُوهُ ثُمَّ لَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِيَوْمَيْنِ ذَكَرُوهُمَا لَهُ أَيْضًا فَقَالَ الْغُبَيْرَاءُ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ لَا تَطْعَمُوهُ ثُمَّ لَمَّا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَنْطَلِقُوا سَأَلُوهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ الْغُبَيْرَاءُ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ لَا تَطْعَمُوهُ قَالُوا فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَدَعُونَهَا قَالَ مَنْ لَمْ يَتْرُكْهَا فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ
Lady Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that some people from Yemen came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He taught them about prayer, Sunnah, and obligatory acts. They said: We have a drink which we prepare from wheat and barley, what is the ruling about it? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The one called Ghabeera? They said: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not consume it. After two days, they mentioned it again. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The same Ghabeera? They said: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not use it. When these people were about to leave, they asked about it again. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: That Ghabeera? They said: Yes! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not consume it. They said: The people will not leave it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever does not leave it, behead him.
Hadith 7551
عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ رَبِّي تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى حَرَّمَ عَلَيَّ الْخَمْرَ وَالْكُوبَةَ وَالْقِنِّينَ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْغُبَيْرَاءَ فَإِنَّهَا ثُلُثُ خَمْرِ الْعَالَمِ
Qais bin Sa'd bin 'Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Indeed, my Lord has forbidden for me wine, playing the drum, and gambling like that of the Romans, and beware of Ghabeera (this Ghabeera which is prepared from wheat and barley); it is one third of all the wines of the world.
Hadith 7552
عَنْ دَيْلَمٍ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا بِأَرْضٍ بَارِدَةٍ نُعَالِجُ بِهَا عَمَلًا شَدِيدًا وَإِنَّا نَتَّخِذُ شَرَابًا مِنْ هَذَا الْقَمْحِ نَتَقَوَّى بِهِ عَلَى أَعْمَالِنَا وَعَلَى بَرْدِ بِلَادِنَا قَالَ هَلْ يُسْكِرُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ هَلْ يُسْكِرُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ قُلْتُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ غَيْرُ تَارِكِيهِ قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَتْرُكُوهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُمْ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Daylam Himyari (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I asked the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that our land is cold and our labor is very hard, we prepare a drink from wheat through which we gain strength so that we can overcome the physical toil and the coldness of the region. What is your opinion about it? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Is it intoxicating? I said: Yes, it is intoxicating. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Avoid it and do not drink it. I came from the front to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and repeated the same question. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Does it intoxicate? I said: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Avoid it. I said: People will not leave it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If they do not leave it, then kill them.
Hadith 7553
عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَدِمَ مِنْ جَيْشَانَ وَجَيْشَانُ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَسَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ شَرَابٍ يَشْرَبُونَهُ بِأَرْضِهِمْ مِنَ الذُّرَةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ الْمِزْرُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمُسْكِرٌ هُوَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ وَإِنَّ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَهْدًا لِمَنْ يَشْرَبُ الْمُسْكِرَ أَنْ يَسْقِيَهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْخَبَالِ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا طِينَةُ الْخَبَالِ قَالَ عَرَقُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ أَوْ عُصَارَةُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that a man from Jaishan came—Jaishan is a region of Yemen. He asked the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about a type of drink which they used to consume, which was prepared among them, and its name was Mizr. They used to make it from corn. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Is it intoxicating?" He replied: "Yes." The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Every intoxicant is forbidden, and it is Allah Almighty’s covenant that whoever drinks an intoxicant, He will make him drink from Teenat al-Khabal." The people asked: "O Messenger of Allah! What is Teenat al-Khabal?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "It is the sweat of the inhabitants of Hell, or the discharge that flows from their wounds."
Hadith 7554
عَنِ ابْنِ شَرَاحِيلَ بْنِ بُكَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ شَرَاحْبِيلَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا إِنَّ لِي أَرْحَامًا بِمِصْرَ يَتَّخِذُونَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَعْنَابِ قَالَ وَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَا تَكُونُوا بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْيَهُودِ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّحُومُ فَبَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ أَخَذَ عُنْقُودًا فَعَصَرَهُ فَشَرِبَهُ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ فَلَمَّا سِرْتُ قَالَ مَا حَلَّ شُرْبُهُ حَلَّ بَيْعُهُ
Sharhabeel bin Bukail says: I said to Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them): Some of my relatives live in Egypt, they make wine from grapes. He said: Do any Muslims do this as well? I said: Yes. He said: Do not adopt the ways of the Jews; fat was made unlawful for them, but they sold it and began to eat its price. I said: What is your opinion about a person who takes a bunch of grapes and squeezes it to drink? He said: There is no harm in that. Then when I was leaving, he said: Whatever is lawful to drink, it is also lawful to sell.
