الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الإيلاءBook of Ila’ (Oath of Abstinence)
وَتَفْسِيرُ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: «لِلَّذِينَ يُولُونَ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ تَرَبُّصُ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرِ» الآيَاتِ
Chapter: Explanation of Allah's Saying: "For those who swear abstinence from their wives, a waiting period of four months..."
Hadith 7184
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ أَقْسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ لَا يَدْخُلَ عَلَى نِسَائِهِ شَهْرًا قَالَتْ فَلَبِثَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ قَالَتْ فَكُنْتُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ بَدَأَ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَلَيْسَ كُنْتَ أَقْسَمْتَ شَهْرًا فَعَدَدْتُ الْأَيَّامَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took an oath that he would not go to his wives for a month. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stayed away for twenty-nine days, then I was the first wife to whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came first. I asked the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Did you not take an oath not to come for a month? I have only counted twenty-nine days. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (This) month is of twenty-nine days.
Hadith 7185
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا مَضَتْ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ لَيْلَةً دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ بَدَأَ بِي فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ أَقْسَمْتَ أَنْ لَا تَدْخُلَ عَلَيْنَا شَهْرًا وَإِنَّكَ قَدْ دَخَلْتَ مِنْ تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ أَعُدُّهُنَّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنِّي ذَاكِرٌ لَكِ أَمْرًا فَلَا عَلَيْكِ أَنْ لَا تَعْجَلِي فِيهِ حَتَّى تَسْتَأْمِرِي أَبَوَيْكِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَلَيَّ الْآيَةَ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لِأَزْوَاجِكَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا} قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ أَبَوَيَّ لَمْ يَكُونَا يَأْمُرَانِي بِفِرَاقِهِ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ أَفِي هَذَا أَسْتَأْمِرُ أَبَوَيَّ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ
It is also narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that when twenty-nine days had passed, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me. I said: O Messenger of Allah! You had sworn that you would not come to us for a month. I have been counting the days, and you have come to us after twenty-nine days. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Indeed, this month is of twenty-nine days. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Aisha! I am going to mention something; do not be hasty in answering it, first consult your parents. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: {یَا أَیُّہَا النَّبِیُّ قُلْ لِأَزْوَاجِکَ حَتّٰی بَلَغَ أَجْرًا عَظِیمًا۔} Sayyida said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) knew that my parents could never tell me to separate from him. So I said: Should I consult my parents about this? I desire Allah Almighty, His Messenger, and the home of the Hereafter.
Hadith 7186
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ هَجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِسَاءَهُ شَهْرًا فَلَمَّا مَضَى تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ قَدْ بَرَرْتَ يَمِينَكَ وَقَدْ تَمَّ الشَّهْرُ
Syedna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) separated himself from his wives for a month. When twenty-nine days had passed, Jibreel (peace be upon him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said: The month has been completed, therefore your oath has also been fulfilled.
Hadith 7187
عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ انْفَكَّتْ قَدَمُهُ فَقَعَدَ فِي مَشْرَبَةٍ لَهُ دَرَجَتُهَا مِنْ جُذُوعٍ وَآلَى مِنْ نِسَائِهِ شَهْرًا فَأَتَاهُ أَصْحَابُهُ يَعُودُونَهُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ قَاعِدًا وَهُمْ قِيَامٌ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ لَهُمْ ائْتَمُّوا بِإِمَامِكُمْ فَإِذَا صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَإِنْ صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا مَعَهُ قُعُودًا قَالَ وَنَزَلَ فِي تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ آلَيْتَ شَهْرًا قَالَ الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, sprained his blessed foot. He, peace and blessings be upon him, stayed in an upper chamber, whose staircase was made from tree trunks, and he, peace and blessings be upon him, took an oath from his wives for a month. The noble companions came to visit him, peace and blessings be upon him, for his care. He, peace and blessings be upon him, led them in prayer while sitting, and they were standing. When the time for the next prayer came, he, peace and blessings be upon him, said to them: Follow your Imam; so when he leads the prayer standing, you also pray standing, and if he leads the prayer sitting, you also pray sitting. When he, peace and blessings be upon him, came down from the upper chamber on the twenty-ninth day, the people said: O Messenger of Allah! You had taken an oath for a month? He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: This month is of twenty-nine days.
Hadith 7188
عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يَدْخُلَ عَلَى بَعْضِ أَهْلِهِ شَهْرًا فَلَمَّا مَضَى تِسْعَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ يَوْمًا غَدَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ رَاحَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ حَلَفْتَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ لَا تَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَهْرًا فَقَالَ إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ تِسْعَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ يَوْمًا
It is narrated from Sayyida Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took an oath not to go to some of his wives for a month. When twenty-nine days had passed, either in the morning or evening, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went to them. Someone asked him: O Messenger of Allah! Did you not swear not to enter upon them for a month? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: Indeed, this month is of twenty-nine days.
Hadith 7189
حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرَاهِيجَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ هَجَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِسَاءَهُ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ وَأَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ شَهْرًا فَأَتَاهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ فِي غُرْفَةٍ عَلَى حَصِيرٍ قَدْ أَثَّرَ الْحَصِيرُ بِظَهْرِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كِسْرَى يَشْرَبُونَ فِي الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَأَنْتَ هَكَذَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّهُمْ عُجِّلَتْ لَهُمْ طَيِّبَاتُهُمْ فِي حَيَاتِهِمْ الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الشَّهْرُ تِسْعَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَكَسَرَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ الْإِبْهَامَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) left his wives for a month. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him while he (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting on a mat in an upper room, and the marks of the mat were visible on his blessed back. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! The kings of Persia drink from vessels of gold and silver, and you (peace and blessings be upon him) are in such poverty and hardship. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Their good deeds are being given to them in this world. Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The month is of twenty-nine days, like this, like this, and like this. On the third time, he (peace and blessings be upon him) folded his thumb.
Hadith 7190
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرًا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ هَجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِسَاءَهُ شَهْرًا فَكَانَ يَكُونُ فِي الْعُلْوِ وَيَكُنَّ فِي السُّفْلِ فَنَزَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهِنَّ فِي تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ مَكَثْتَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا بِأَصَابِعِ يَدِهِ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَقَبَضَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ إِبْهَامَهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) separated himself from his wives for a month, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) took up residence in an upper room, while his pure wives were below. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) came down to his wives after twenty-nine days, a man said: O Messenger of Allah! You stayed for twenty-nine days (whereas the oath was for a month)? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: A month is like this, and like this, and like this. And on the third time, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) folded his thumb.
