الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
بيان موانع النكاحExplanation of Impediments to Marriage
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي نَسْخِهِ وَالنَّهْي عَنْهُ
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding Its Abrogation and Prohibition
Hadith 6989
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَاهُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَبَلَغَهُ أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِي مُتْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْهَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَعَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) that when he learned, through Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), that he permitted Mut'ah, he said to him: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade Mut'ah and the meat of domestic donkeys on the day of Khaybar.
Hadith 6990
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ الْأَعْرَجِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ ابْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا وَأَنَا عِنْدَهُ عَنِ الْمُتْعَةِ مُتْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ فَغَضِبَ وَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا كُنَّا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ زُنَاةً وَلَا مُسَافِحِينَ
It is narrated from Abdur Rahman bin Naeem A'araji, he says: A man asked Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the marriage of Mut'ah. He became angry and said: By Allah! In the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we were neither adulterers nor wicked.
Hadith 6991
عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ سَبْرَةَ الْجُهَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ فَأَقَمْنَا خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ بَيْنِ لَيْلَةٍ وَيَوْمٍ قَالَ فَأَذِنَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْمُتْعَةِ قَالَ وَخَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ عَمٍّ لِي فِي أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ أَوْ قَالَ فِي أَعْلَى مَكَّةَ فَلَقِينَا فَتَاةً مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ كَأَنَّهَا الْبَكْرَةُ الْعَنَطْنَطَةُ قَالَ وَأَنَا قَرِيبٌ مِنَ الدَّمَامَةِ وَعَلَيَّ بُرْدٌ جَدِيدٌ غَضٌّ وَعَلَى ابْنِ عَمِّي بُرْدٌ خَلَقٌ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا لَهَا هَلْ لَكِ أَنْ يَسْتَمْتِعَ مِنْكِ أَحَدُنَا قَالَتْ وَهَلْ يَصْلُحُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَجَعَلَتْ تَنْظُرُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَمِّي فَقُلْتُ لَهَا إِنَّ بُرْدِي هَذَا جَدِيدٌ غَضٌّ وَبُرْدَ ابْنِ عَمِّي هَذَا خَلَقٌ مَحٌّ قَالَتْ بُرْدُ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ هَذَا لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَاسْتَمْتَعَ مِنْهَا فَلَمْ نَخْرُجْ مِنْ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى حَرَّمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sabrah Juhani, may Allah be pleased with him, who says: We went out with the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, on the day of the conquest of Makkah. We stayed there for fifteen days. The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, permitted us to contract temporary marriage (Nikah Mut'ah). My cousin and I went to the lower or upper area of Makkah, where we met a young girl from Banu Amir bin Sa'sa'ah, as if she were a young she-camel with a long neck. I was not handsome, but my sheet was completely new, while my cousin's sheet was old and worn out. We said to her: Do you intend to contract temporary marriage with one of us? She said: Is this permissible? We said: Yes. Then she began to look. When she looked towards my cousin, I would try to attract her attention to myself by saying: My sheet is completely new, and his sheet is old and worn out. She said: There is no harm in your cousin's sheet either. So she contracted temporary marriage with my cousin. Later, we had not yet left Makkah when the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, declared temporary marriage forbidden.
Hadith 6992
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِعُسْفَانَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ الْعُمْرَةَ قَدْ دَخَلَتْ فِي الْحَجِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَوْ مَالِكُ بْنُ سُرَاقَةَ شَكَّ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ أَيْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلِّمْنَا تَعْلِيمَ قَوْمٍ كَأَنَّمَا وُلِدُوا الْيَوْمَ عُمْرَتُنَا هَذِهِ لِعَامِنَا هَذَا أَمْ لِلْأَبَدِ قَالَ لَا بَلْ لِلْأَبَدِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ طُفْنَا الْبَيْتَ وَبَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَنَا بِمُتْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ فَرَجَعْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُنَّ قَدْ أَبَيْنَ إِلَّا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى قَالَ فَافْعَلُوا قَالَ فَخَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبٌ لِي عَلَيَّ بُرْدٌ وَعَلَيْهِ بُرْدٌ فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ فَعَرَضْنَا عَلَيْهَا أَنْفُسَنَا فَجَعَلَتْ تَنْظُرُ إِلَى بُرْدِ صَاحِبِي فَتَرَاهُ أَجْوَدَ مِنْ بُرْدِي وَتَنْظُرُ إِلَيَّ فَتَرَانِي أَشَبَّ مِنْهُ فَقَالَتْ بُرْدٌ مَكَانَ بُرْدٍ وَاخْتَارَتْنِي فَتَزَوَّجْتُهَا عَشْرًا بِبُرْدِي فَبِتُّ مَعَهَا تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ غَدَوْتُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَخْطُبُ يَقُولُ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَلْيُعْطِهَا مَا سَمَّى لَهَا وَلَا يَسْتَرْجِعْ مِمَّا أَعْطَاهَا شَيْئًا وَلْيُفَارِقْهَا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ حَرَّمَهَا عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sabrah, he says: We set out with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, on the occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage. When we were at Usfan, the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: ‘Umrah has entered into Hajj.’ Suraqah bin Malik or Malik bin Suraqah said: O Messenger of Allah! Teach us in the same way as a people who have been born today are taught. The question is: Is this ‘Umrah for this year only or forever?’ He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: No, rather it is forever and ever. When we reached Makkah, we performed Tawaf of the House of Allah and Sa’i between Safa and Marwah. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, permitted us to contract temporary marriage (mut’ah) with women. We returned to you and said: O Messenger of Allah! The women have refused, but they are willing to accept for a fixed period. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Do so. I went out, and a companion was with me. One sheet was over me, and one sheet was over him. We went to a woman and presented ourselves to her. When she looked at my companion’s sheet, she found it better than mine, and when she looked at me, she found me younger than him. Eventually, she said: A sheet is just a sheet, but a man cannot be replaced. So she chose me, and I married her for ten days in exchange for the sheet. I had only spent one night with her when, in the morning, I went to the mosque and found the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, on the pulpit delivering a sermon, saying: Whoever among you has married a woman for a fixed period, let him give her the agreed upon compensation, do not take back what you have given, and separate from her. Allah Almighty has made this mut’ah marriage forbidden for you until the Day of Resurrection.
Hadith 6993
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ مُتْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Sabrah that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, prohibited Nikah Mut'ah on the day of the conquest of Makkah.
Hadith 6994
عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ تَذَاكَرْنَا عِنْدَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْمُتْعَةَ مُتْعَةَ النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ رَبِيعُ بْنُ سَبْرَةَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ يَنْهَى عَنْ نِكَاحِ الْمُتْعَةِ
Imam Zuhri says: We mentioned Mut'ah in the presence of Umar bin Abdul Aziz. Rabi' bin Sabrah said: I heard my father say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) declared the marriage of Mut'ah unlawful on the occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage.
Hadith 6995
عَنْ إِيَاسِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ رَخَّصَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُتْعَةَ النِّسَاءِ عَامَ أَوْطَاسٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted permission for Mut’ah in the year of Awtas.
