الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل النكاحIssues of Marriage
بَابُ مَنْ تَزَوَّجَ وَلَمْ يُسمَ صَدَاقًا ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَبْلَ الدُّخُولِ
Chapter: One Who Married Without Naming a Dowry and Then Died Before Consummation
Hadith 6932
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ قَالَ أُتِيَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَمَاتَ عَنْهَا وَلَمْ يُفْرِضْ لَهَا وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَسُئِلَ عَنْهَا شَهْرًا فَلَمْ يَقُلْ فِيهَا شَيْئًا ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ فَقَالَ أَقُولُ فِيهَا بِرَأْيِي فَإِنْ يَكُ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَإِنْ يَكُ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللَّهِ وَلَهَا صَدَاقُ إِحْدَى نِسَائِهَا وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ لَقَضَيْتَ فِيهَا بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بِرْوَعَ ابْنَةِ وَاشِقٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ هَلُمَّ شَاهِدَيْكَ فَشَهِدَ لَهُ الْجَرَّاحُ وَأَبُو سِنَانٍ رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Utbah that a case was brought before Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) in which a man had married a woman and then died, without having fixed a dowry (mahr) or having consummated the marriage. For a month, this question was repeatedly asked of him, but he did not give any answer. Later, when he was asked again, Sayyiduna Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Now I will decide according to my own opinion; if it is wrong, then it is from myself and from Satan, and if it is correct, then it is from Allah Almighty. This woman should be given a dowry like that of other women, she will also inherit, and she must observe the waiting period (‘iddah). Upon hearing this decision, a man from the tribe of Banu Ashja’ stood up and said: O Abdullah! The decision you have given is exactly the same as the decision of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding Barwa’ bint Washiq. Abdullah said: Bring witnesses for this. Two men from the Ashja’ tribe, Jarrah and Abu Sinan, testified along with him.
Hadith 6933
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ وَالْأَسْوَدِ قَالَا أَتَى قَوْمٌ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَا تَرَى فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ قَالَ مَنْصُورٌ أَرَاهُ سَلَمَةَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ فَقَالَ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي رُؤَاسٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا بِرْوَعُ بِنْتُ وَاشِقٍ فَخَرَجَ مَخْرَجًا فَدَخَلَ فِي بِئْرٍ فَأَسِنَ فَمَاتَ وَلَمْ يُفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقًا فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ كَمَهْرِ نِسَائِهَا لَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ
(Second chain) Alqamah and Aswad say: Some people came to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) and they said: What is your opinion about the man who got married, … then the same hadith was mentioned …, however, in this version it is stated: A man named Salamah bin Yazid from the tribe of Ashja’ stood up and said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) resolved a similar issue in this way, one of our men married a woman named Barwa’ bint Washiq from Banu Ru’as, then he went out, entered a well, had a seizure there and died, while he had not yet fixed a dowry for his wife. Those people came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked about this issue. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: She should be given a dowry like that of other women of her family, there should be no increase or decrease in it, and she will also inherit and must observe the waiting period (‘iddah).
Hadith 6934
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَالِثٍ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ صَدَاقًا فَسُئِلَ عَنْهَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا صَدَاقُ إِحْدَى نِسَائِهَا وَلَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ فَقَامَ أَبُو سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ فِي رَهْطٍ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فَقَالُوا نَشْهَدُ لَقَدْ قَضَيْتَ فِيهَا بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ
(Third chain) Alqamah narrates that a man married a woman and died before consummating the marriage and determining the dowry. When Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked about this, he said: This woman will be given a dowry similar to that of women like her, with neither any increase nor decrease, and she will also observe the waiting period ('iddah). Abu Sinan Ashja'i stood up along with a group from his tribe and said: We bear witness that you have given the same verdict as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave regarding Barwa' bint Washiq.
Hadith 6935
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ رَابِعٍ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ وَفِيهِ فَقَالَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ شَهِدْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِهِ فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ
(4th chain) Masruq says: Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) … then he mentioned the same hadith … however, in this it is stated: Then Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I bear witness that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) made this very decision regarding Barua' bint Washiq.
