الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل النكاحIssues of Marriage
بَابُ عَدَمِ اجْبَارِ الْيَّتْمَةِ وَأَنَّهَا لَا تُزَوِّجُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهَا وَرَضَاهَا
Chapter: Not Compelling the Orphan Girl and That She Is Not Married Except with Her Permission and Consent
Hadith 6893
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ تُوُفِّيَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَةً لَهُ مِنْ خَوْلَةَ بِنْتِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ الْأَوْقَصِ قَالَ وَأَوْصَى إِلَى أَخِيهِ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَهُمَا خَالَايَ قَالَ فَخَطَبْتُ إِلَى قُدَامَةَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ ابْنَةَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ فَزَوَّجَنِيهَا وَدَخَلَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ يَعْنِي إِلَى أُمِّهَا فَأَرْغَبَهَا فِي الْمَالِ فَحَطَّتْ إِلَيْهِ وَحَطَّتِ الْجَارِيَةُ إِلَى هَوَى أُمِّهَا فَأَبَيَا حَتَّى ارْتَفَعَ أَمْرُهُمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ قُدَامَةُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ابْنَةُ أَخِي أَوْصَى بِهَا إِلَيَّ فَزَوَّجْتُهَا ابْنَ عَمَّتِهَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ فَلَمْ أُقَصِّرْ بِهَا فِي الصَّلَاحِ وَلَا فِي الْكَفَاءَةِ وَلَكِنَّهَا امْرَأَةٌ وَإِنَّمَا حَطَّتْ إِلَى هَوَى أُمِّهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ هِيَ يَتِيمَةٌ وَلَا تُنْكَحُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهَا قَالَ فَانْتُزِعَتْ وَاللَّهِ مِنِّي بَعْدَ أَنْ مَلَكْتُهَا فَزَوَّجُوهَا الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: Sayyiduna Uthman bin Maz'un (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away and left behind a daughter, who was born from Sayyida Khawla bint Hakim (may Allah be pleased with her). Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) made a bequest to his brother Qudamah bin Maz'un to take care of her upbringing. Both Qudamah and Uthman were my maternal uncles. I sent a proposal for marriage to my uncle Uthman's daughter at Sayyiduna Qudamah's house, and he married her to me. Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the girl's mother and tempted her with wealth, so she inclined towards wealth, and her daughter inclined towards her mother. Thus, both of them refused, until their matter was brought to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Qudamah bin Maz'un (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): O Messenger of Allah! This is my niece, my brother entrusted her to me through his will. I married her to her paternal aunt's son, Abdullah bin Umar, and I did not fall short in seeking her welfare, but this is a woman, and her mother has inclined towards wealth. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This girl has reached the age of discernment; her marriage cannot be conducted without her permission. Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: By Allah! After this girl came into my possession and wedlock, she was taken away from me. They married her to Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) according to her consent.
Hadith 6894
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تُسْتَأْمَرُ الْيَتِيمَةُ فِي نَفْسِهَا فَإِنْ سَكَتَتْ فَقَدْ أَذِنَتْ وَإِنْ أَبَتْ لَمْ تُكْرَهْ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Musa Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Consultation should be sought from a virgin girl regarding herself; if she remains silent, then that is her permission, and if she refuses, she should not be compelled.
Hadith 6895
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنْ رَضِيَتْ فَلَهَا رَضَاهَا وَإِنْ كَرِهَتْ فَلَا جَوَازَ عَلَيْهَا يَعْنِي الْيَتِيمَةَ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If a virgin girl consents, then it is acceptable; she has the right to consent, and if she dislikes, then the guardian has no right to compel her.
