الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل النكاحIssues of Marriage
بَاب مَا جَاءَ فِي إِجْبَارِ الْبِكْرِ وَاسْتَثَمَارِ التَّيبِ
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding Compelling the Virgin and Seeking the Consent of the Previously Married Woman
Hadith 6883
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْوَلِيِّ مَعَ الثَّيِّبِ أَمْرٌ وَالْيَتِيمَةُ تُسْتَأْمَرُ فَصَمْتُهَا إِقْرَارُهَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The guardian has no authority in the matter of a widow’s marriage, and permission should be sought from a virgin girl, and her silence will be considered her consent.
Hadith 6884
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْأَيِّمُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا وَالْبِكْرُ تُسْتَأْمَرُ فِي نَفْسِهَا وَإِذْنُهَا صُمَاتُهَا
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A widow has more right over herself than her guardian, and a virgin girl should be asked for permission regarding herself, and her permission is her silence.
Hadith 6885
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الثَّيِّبُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا وَالْبِكْرُ يَسْتَأْمِرُهَا أَبُوهَا فِي نَفْسِهَا وَإِذْنُهَا صُمَاتُهَا
(Second chain) The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: A widow has more right over herself than her guardian, and the father of a virgin should seek her permission regarding herself, and her silence is her permission.
Hadith 6886
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْبِكْرُ تُسْتَأْمَرُ وَالثَّيِّبُ تُشَاوَرُ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْبِكْرَ تَسْتَحْيِي قَالَ سُكُوتُهَا رَضَاهَا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Permission will be sought from a virgin, and consultation will be done with a widow. Someone said: O Messenger of Allah! A virgin feels shy. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Her silence is her consent.
Hadith 6887
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الثَّيِّبُ تُسْتَأْمَرُ فِي نَفْسِهَا وَالْبِكْرُ تُسْتَأْذَنُ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ إِذْنُهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَسْكُتَ
(Second chain) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: The widow should be consulted regarding herself, and the virgin's permission should be sought. The people said: O Messenger of Allah! What is her permission? He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Her silence.
Hadith 6888
عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَشِيرُوا عَلَى النِّسَاءِ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ الْبِكْرَ تَسْتَحْيِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الثَّيِّبُ تُعْرِبُ عَنْ نَفْسِهَا بِلِسَانِهَا وَالْبِكْرُ رَضَاهَا صَمْتُهَا
Narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Adi bin ‘Adi Kindi (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Seek counsel from women regarding them. The people said: O Messenger of Allah! A virgin feels shy. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The widow will express herself verbally about her own matter, and the consent of the virgin will be her silence.
Hadith 6889
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَأْمِرُوا النِّسَاءَ فِي إِبْضَاعِهِنَّ قِيلَ إِنَّ الْبِكْرَ تَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ تَتَكَلَّمَ قَالَ سُكُوتُهَا إِذْنُهَا
Narrated by Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Consult women regarding their marriage to themselves. Someone said: A virgin girl feels shy to speak. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Her silence will be her permission.
Hadith 6890
حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَ شَيْئًا مِنْ بَنَاتِهِ جَلَسَ إِلَى خِدْرِهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ فُلَانًا يَذْكُرُ فُلَانَةً يُسَمِّيهَا وَيُسَمِّي الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي يَذْكُرُهَا فَإِنْ هِيَ سَكَتَتْ زَوَّجَهَا وَإِنْ كَرِهَتْ نَقَرَتِ السِّتْرَ فَإِذَا نَقَرَتْهُ لَمْ يُزَوِّجْهَا
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wished to marry off any of his daughters, he would sit by the curtain hanging in the corner of the house near her and say: "Such-and-such man has mentioned such-and-such woman." At the same time, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would mention the name of the man and his daughter. If she remained silent, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would marry her off, and if she disliked it, she would strike her hand on the curtain. Thus, if she struck her hand on the curtain, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would not marry her off.
Hadith 6891
عَنْ ذَكْوَانَ مَوْلَى عَائِشَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا تَقُولُ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ جَارِيَةٍ يُنْكِحُهَا أَهْلُهَا أَتُسْتَأْمَرُ أَمْ لَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تُسْتَأْمَرُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَإِنَّهَا تَسْتَحْيِي فَتَسْكُتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَلِكَ إِذْنُهَا إِذَا هِيَ سَكَتَتْ
Mawla Aisha narrates from Zakwan, Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: I asked the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) whether a girl whose family arranges her marriage should be consulted or not? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: She must absolutely be consulted. I said: She remains silent out of shyness. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Her silence is her permission.
Hadith 6892
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ تَزَوَّجَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا ابْنَةُ سِتِّ سِنِينَ وَفِي لَفْظٍ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ بِمَكَّةَ مُتَوَفَّى خَدِيجَةَ وَدَخَلَ بِي وَأَنَا ابْنَةُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ
Narrated by Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: When the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) married me, I was six years old; in another narration, seven years is mentioned. This marriage took place in Mecca at the time of the death of Sayyida Khadija (may Allah be pleased with her), and when I was sent to live with him, I was nine years old; this consummation took place in Madinah Munawwarah.
